...the people by the church tended inevitably to become the conquest of the land by the French crown. The end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth, a period of great intellectual activity over a somewhat narrow field of investigation, was of necessity...

...Gothic of Northern France in the monasteries of Fossanova and Casamari dates, as we have seen, from the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth. But it was for more than a generation a monastic style exclusively, and it was not until fifty years...

...existence brought about by the crusades, attempts are made '•J to depict human nature in its fulness. The end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth show mediaeval society at its height. The struggle between empire and papacy now assumes its grandest...

...chapter. Simon of Tournai, Alexander Neckam,2 and Alfred Sereshel 3 (Alfredus Anglicus) began, about the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth, to expound the physical and physiological doctrines of Aristotle and the Arabians. They taught and...

...buildings are for the most part in the pointed style of architecture which was introduced into Italy at the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth. Most of the walls have been covered with frescoes varying in date from the eleventh to the fifteenth...

...notions, but all fathered on the sage King Alfred, and accepted and passing from mouth to mouth at the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth (cf. Note 176), as a peculiar inheritance of the English people. The poet stands out from the rest...

...and undoubtedly the English Cathedrals owe much to the Norman influence so prevalent in England at the end of the Twelfth Century, and the beginning of the Thirteenth Century. Italian Gothic has the principal characteristic peculiarities of the architectural style which...

...effective working of the two contrasting tendencies, not only in literature, but in life as a whole. By the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth, mediaeval society was at its height. The long struggle between the Church and the Empire assumed its...

...fourteenth centuries, is an entirely French production which originated in the north of France towards the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth. The trouvères and compilers, or assembleurs, dealt with material that had already become completely...

...that dual pre-eminence until the great transition into the light, the Renaissance of civilisation at the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth. For six or seven hundred years the two towns were the peculiar centres of English life. Winchester...