to Assure, to affiance, betroth. CE. 3, 2. KJ. 2,2.
Astray (from the ASax. straegan, spargere, dispergere, to scatter, to stray. Horne Tooke Div. of Purl. 1, 468.) out of way. MD. 3, 2. Astringer, austringer, ostringer, a faulconer, gentleman falconer; from ostercus, austercus, a gosshawk, tercel (wh. s.) AW. 5, 1. to Atchieve, to ove naster, overcome. TS. 1, 1. TAn. 2, 1. to get, acquire. MV. 3, 2. Atchievement, getting, acquisition. bHd. 4, 4. TC. 1, 2. 4, 2. coming to end, terminating. He. 3, 5; exploit, got excellence. H. 1, 4. Atomy, atomie, atom, mote flying in the sun. AL. 3, 2. 3, 5. RJ. 1, 4. blid. 5, 4. where Nares takes it for a corruption of anatomy, wh. s.
to Atone, to make concord, to reconcile, con- cile. AC. 2, 2. Rb. 1, 1. TA. 5, 6. Cy. 1, 5. 0. 4, 1; to come to a reconciliation, to agree. AL. 5, 4. Co. 4, 6. Atonement, reconciliation. MW. 1, 1. bHd. 4, 1.
to Attach, or attack (relationed to touch, take, tago, tango) to seize. LL. 4, 3; arrest, lay hold of. CE. 4, 1. WT. 5, 1. Rc. 1, 3. RJ. 5, 3. Attaint, base and weak abjectedness, stain, spot, blot. He. 4. ch. TC. 1, 2.
culiarly offensive to female ears. S. Gifford's Ben Jonson III, 410. VI, 92. VII, 308. O. Pl. III, 260. IVT. 4, 2. MD. 3, 1. It was also the customary appellation addressed by a jester or fool, to a female of matronly appearance, as uncle was to a man. Nares s. voc.
to Avoid, to go, depart, retire. Cy. 1, 2. CE. 4, 3. bHf. 1, 4. From the latin evitare. to Avouch, to assert, confirm, attest. MIV. 2, 1. MM. 4, 2. MD. 1, 1. WT. 4, 2. Rc. 1, 3. KL. 2, 4. M. 5, 1. Kin to avow, from the middlelat. advocare, avvare, to call or sum- mon the seller of a stolen thing, in order to detect the thief.
Avouch, proof, testimony. H. 1, 1. Authentic, regularly bred or licensed; an epi- thet for a physician. AW. 2, 3. cf. Ben Jonson II, 136. to Authorize, Accentuation prevalent. S. 35. to Award, to acknowledge, avouch, adjudge. MV. 4, 1. to decide by law. Rc. 2, 1.
to Away with, to bear with, to endure. b Hd. 3, 2. cf. Ben Jons. II, 319. IIII, 400. O. Pl. I, 278. Properly it seems to make a way with one, to accompany, associate. Awful, lawful, under due awe of authority, reverend, worshipful. bHd. 4, 1. TG. 4, 1. Awork, on work, into work. KL. 3, 5. H. 2, 2. cHf. 2, 1. Awry, across, obliquely. bHf. 2, 4. Rb. 2, 2. TS. 4, 1.
Aye, ay, ever. MD. 1, 1. 3, 2. M. 4, 1. TA. 5, 2. 5, 6. TC. 3, 2. KL. 5, 3. H.3, 2. in Greek aei, germ. ewig.
Attainture, also attainder, the being attaint-to Babble, blab, bauble, to prate, chatter.
ed, caught either in a crime, or by infection, hence convicted, or stained in the same time.
MA. 3, 3. TN. 1, 5. He. 2, 3. where Malone unnecessarily reads table.
blf. 1, 2. The hybrideous nature and compo-Babe, also the little figure of one's self reflected sition of this word fluctuating and tottering between tago, tango, to touch, and tingo, to die, allows and excuses also an ambiguity and duplicity of the signification, that may be justified by logical inference.
Attorney, procurer, agent. CE. 5, 1; authority, commission, deputation. Rc. 5, 3. From the old word attorne, or atturne, to perform service.
to Attorney, to supply by substitution of embassies. WT. 1, 1.
Attribute, awfulness, account, honour. TC. 2, 3. H. 1, 4.
Avaunt, dismission, disband, discard. Hh. 2, 3. Audit, balance of an account. M. 1, 5. Cy. 5, 4. Co. 1, 1. Hh. 3, 2.
Auditor, he that examines audits. aHd. 2, 1. Audrey, corruption for Etheldreda in AL. Averdupois, avoir du pois, weight, properly of goods, or ware, (middlelat. averium, ave- rum, avere, averia, avera, germ. Habe.) bHd. 2, 4.
to Averr, (from verus) to prove as true. Cy. 5, 5. Augrehole, hole of a bore. M. 2, 3. Augurs, augury. (TG. 4, 3. H. 5, 2.) progao- stication. M. 3, 4.
Aunt, (from the Lowsaxon Anke, diminutive
of ana, grandmother cf. Douce Ill. of Sh. I. 183.) sister of father or mother. Then a cant term for a wanton mistress, a woman of bac character, either prostitute or procuress, bawd; a manperly word for an appellation pe
in the pupil of another's eye, on looking closely into it. To which Sh. is supposed to have alluded. TA. 1, 2. 'Joy had the like etc.' Baboon, ape, babion, babian, bavian. MW”. 2, 2. 0. 1, 3.
Baccare, stand back, go back. TS. 2, 1. In allusion to the proverb 'Backare, quoth Mortimer to his sow,' and the affectation of a knowledge of Latin.
Bachelor, a young man not yet married. AW. 2, 3. Middlelatin baccalarius.
to Back, to mount a horse. aHd. 2, 3; to assist, support, relieve, defend, to keep free another's back. cHf. 1, 1. TAn. 2. 3, RJ. 1, 1. to Backbite, to bite from behind; slander, defame. bHd. 5, 1. Backfriend, false friend. AL. 3, 2. Backtrick, a sort of artificial jump. TN. 1, 3. Backward, as subst. for background. T. 1, 1. Badge, token, sign. TɅn. 1, 2. MV. 1, 3. LL. 5, 2. MA. 1, 1. In Shk's time all the servants of the nobility wore silver badges in the form of a shield on their liveries (blue coates. TS. 4, 1.) on which the device, crest, or arms of their masters were engraved. s. Douce's Ill. of Sh. I, 334. To this is alluded bHf. 5, 1. Rela- tioned are bag, and the middlelatin words baga, bagen, bogea. s. Dufresne,
to Baffle, to use contemptuously; to unknight. It was originally a punishment of infamy, in- flicted on recreant knights, one part of which was hanging them up by the heels. aHd. 1, 2.
2, 4. bHd. 5, 3. TN. 5, 1. Rc. 1, 1. In French Barbason, supposed name of a fiend. MW. 2, 2. He. 2, 1. baffouer, baffoler. English old from baful. Bail, pledge, security. CE. 4, 1. bf. 5, 1. Paragon the middlelatin baiulus, ballia, it. balia, germ. Ballei.
to Bait, to allure with grain or some decoy. Rb. 4, 1; to stir, incite, exasperate. JC. 4, 3. MD. 3, 2. bHf. 5, 1. Related are the greek azein, aithein, to burn; the germ. ätzen, to etch, hetzen, baizen, ASax. betan, incitare; austr. oaten, aten, aiten, to warm, germ. heizen; lat. aestus; isl. eysa; old germ. eit, engl. hot.
Bait, decoy. MA. 3, 1. RJ. 1, 5. Cy. 3, 4. MF. 1, 1.
Baldric, bauldric, belt. MA. 1, 1. Old french, baudrier, middlelat. baldrellus, balteus. Bale, misery, calamity, sorrow, toil. Co. 1, 1. Baleful, troublesome, terrible, odious, per- nicious. alif. 2, 1. 5, 5. bHf. 3, 2; sad, sorrow- ful, fatal, mischievous. RJ. 2, 3.
to Balk, to heap, or pile up. aHd. 1, 1. It needs not to read bath'd, or bak'd with Steevens. to Ban, to curse. bHf. 2, 4. 3, 2. Ban, public sentence of condemnation; carse. TA. 4, 1. KL. 2, 3. publication of marriage. TS. 1, 2. These words originally persian have the notions of tying, vainquishing, giving laws, or edicts, by whom men are bound, and con- demned too. Cf. to bind, germ. binden, winden, überwinden, Band, Bund, to bandy. Band, formerly synonymous with bond. KL. 1, 1. (whereof the modern french corrupted bon) obligation, by which one binds himself to pay a certain sum at a certain time. aHd. 3, 2; pledge. JC. 2, 1; contract. ib., rope. TC. 1, 3. Bandog, dog bound with a chain, on account of his fierceness, kept for baiting bears and bulls. bHf. 1, 4.
to Bandy, to toss a ball at tennis, fr. bander. RJ. 2, 5; to change, exchange, barter. TS. 5, 2. KL. 1, 4. 2, 4. cHf. 1, 4; to join, conjure, conspire, AL. 5, 1. TAn. 1, 2. aHf. 4, 1. RJ. 5, 1.
Bane, poison, venom. MM. 1, 3. M. 5, 3. TAn. 5, 3. TC. 4, 2. bHf. 5, 1. where Theobald and Voss read bale.
to Bang, to trouble, vex, torment, pine. 0.2, 1. TN. 3, 2.
Bang, push, blow. JC. 3, 3
Banke's (dancing) horse, named Morocco, or Moraco, of wondrous quality, that was said to have been going up to the top of St. Paul's church. Man and horse were burnt by order of the pope for magicians. He is supposed to have been alluded to LL. 1, 2. as dancing horse, S. Douce Ill. of Sh. I, 212. Gifford's Ben Jonson Il, 152. Drake Shk. and his time II, 186. Banneret, ribbon. AW. 2, 3. Banquet, dessert, placed formerly in a separate room, the gardenhouse or arbour (alluded to bHd. 5, 3.) to which the guests removed, when they had dined; feast, T. 3, 3. MA. 2, 1. TS. 5, 2. M. 1, 4. Hh.5, 3. RJ. 1, 5. to Barb, to shave, dress hair and beard. MM. 4, 2.
Barb, a kind of hood, or muffler, which covered the lower part of the face and shoulders. It is proposed TA. 4, 3. window'd barb for window barne, or window bars;· ornaments and hous- ings of horses in peace or at tournaments; a barbary horse.
Barbed, armed or ornamented, caparisoned in a warlike manner, applied only to a horse. Rc. 1, 1. Corruptly used for barded, as in low Latin cavallus de barba, and equus barbarus for caval- lus de barda, and equus bardatus. Barber's chair. Proverbial for accommodating all bottoms. AW. 2, 2.
Barber monger, term of contempt, dealer in the lower tradesmen, as taking fees for a re- commendation to the business of the family. KL. 2, 2.
Barful, full of hinderance. TN. 1, 4. Bargulus, an illyrian pirate. bHf. 4, 1. S. Cic. Off. 2, 11.
Barn, or bairn, cornhouse, penthouse. aHd. 2, 3. TAn. 5, 1. T. 4, 1. where it is joined with garner, either the same word in the gut- tural form, or the transposed latin granarium. Whence the pun with bairns, barns, children. MA. 3, 4. AW. 1, 3. WT. 3, 3. Relations: gr. phero, germ. fahren, to bear, wear, gc-
Barnacle, a multivalve shellfish (lepas anati- fera L.) growing on a flexible stem, and adher- ing to loose timber, bottoms of ships etc., anciently supposed to turn into a Solan goose. T. 4, 1. S. Douce's Ill. of Sh. 1, 23. Barren, dull, unpregnant. MD. 3, 2. TN. 5, 1. Rc. 2, 2. Co. 1, 1. JC. 1, 2. Horne Tooke Div. of Purl. II, 72. explains it barred, i. stopped, shut, strongly closed up, which cannot be opened, from which can be no fruit or issue. Reuce barrenspirited JC. 1, 2.
Barricado (from bar) sconce, redoubt, intrench- ment, piece of detached fortification. TN. 4, 2. IT. 1, 2.
to Barricado, to ensconce. AW. 1, 1. Bartholomew pig, roasted pig of Bartholomew fair, London, sold piping hot, in booths and on stails, and ostentatiously displayed, to excite the appetite of passengers. bld. 2, 4. Base, to sing or play the base part,. com- monly bass, in music. T. 3, 3.
Base, ground, fundament. TN. 5, 1. TC. 4, 5; prison base, or prison bass, a rustic game, which consisted chiefly in running, so called perhaps from the place, whence begins the runuing. Cy. 5, 3. Hence to bid the base, to challenge to a contest. TG. 1,2. VA. with Ma- lone XV. p. 31. Bases, plur. noun, a kind of embroidered mantle which hung down from the middle to about the knees, or lower, worn by knights on horseback. P. 2, 1. Sometimes bases denoted the hose merely. Douce Ill. of Sh. II, 125. derives it from the french bache, a woman's petticoat.
Bashful, shy, timorous, fearful, ashamed. MA. 4, 1. Rc. 4, 4.
Basilisco, a foolish knight in Soliman and Perseda, an old play. KJ. 1, 1. Basilisk, cockatrice, (wh. s.,) an imaginary crea- ture. WT. 1,2, bHf. 3, 2. Cy. 2, 4; S. Douce's Ill. of Sh. II, 14; a species of ordnance, or cannon. aHd. 2, 3. He. 5, 2. bHf. 3, 2. Rc. 1, 2. Douce I, 424.
Basta, it is enough, an italian word. TS. 1, 1. Bastard, born out of wedlock, whoreson. MM. 3, 2. LL. 5, 1; a kind of sweet spanish wine, of which there were two sorts, white and brown. aHd. 2, 4.
Beacon, watchfire, needfire, for cantion, fare, ban. bHd. 4, 3. aHf. 3, 2. TC. 1, 2. KL. 2,2. The germ. Becken. Compare the gr. bikos, beikos, bekos, bikidion. S. bucket. Bead, little button or pearl. JC. 3, 1. aHd. 2, 3. as of the rosary. MD. 3, 2. bHf. 1, 1. CE. 2, 2. Rc. 3, 7.
Bat, club, large stick, staff, truncheon. Co. 1, 1; rearmouse, flittermouse. M. 3, 2. H. 3, 4. Batch, a quantity of bread, as much as an oven may keep, once baking; make. TC. 5, 1. to Bate, to abate, to lessen, free, make quit, to discharge. MA. 2, 3. aHd. 3, 3. where it is joined with dwindle. TA. 1, 2. 3, 3. MV. 3, 3. T. 1, 2; to flutter the wings as a hawk pre-Beadle, paring for flight, particularly at the sight of prey. alld. 4, 1. TS. 4, 1. Douce's Ill. of Sh. I, 435.
Bate, strife, contention, quarrel. bHd. 2, 4. Bateless, TL. 2. 'Haply that name of chaste
germ. Büttel, mean officer in an university, parish, court. LL. 3, 1. KL. 4, 6. Low latin bedellus. S. Dufresne. Their dress was a blue gown. Douce's Ill. of Sh. I, 477. Beadsman, one who offers up prayers to heaven for the welfare of another. TG. 1, 1. Rb. 2, 2. S. Douce's Ill. of Sh. I, 31.
unhaply set This bateless edge on his keen appe-Beagle, dog trained to search for game. TN.
tite' Todd'not to be abated or subdued.' Batfowling, bird-catching in the nighttime,
where two men with a net on two perches stand to Bear a brain, to exert attention, ingenuity on the one side of a hedge, while on the other a man with a lantern blinding scares the fowls in the net. T. 2, 1.
Batlet, a square piece of wood used by washers in beating their coarse clothes. AL. 2, 4. to Batten, to fatten, of which it is an other form, to feed, to which it is joined. H. 3, 4. Co. 4, 5.
or memory. RJ. 1, 3; to b. a hand with, to deal with. JC. 1, 2; to bear in hand, to keep in expectation, to amuse with false pretences. MM.1, 5. H. 2, 2. M. 3. 1. (where it is joined with to cross), TS. 4, 2. to pretend. Cy. 5, 5; to bear possession, to hold up, to maintain himself in. KJ. 2, 2; to bear out, to intercede, defend, support. KJ. 4, 1. bld. 5, 1; to bear with, to endure, to be patient, to indulge. Rc. 3, 1. AL. 2, 4.
Bearward, keeper of a bear. bHf. 5, 1. Synonymous term is bearherd. MA. 2, 1. TS. ind. 2. bHd. 5, 1.
to Batter, to beat, knock, strike down. Cy. 5, 4. T. 3, 2; to assail, to disturb. M. 4, 3. Battle, army. aHd. 4, 1. He. 4 ch. JC. 5, 1. Bauble, play thing, childish, pitiful. TC. 1, 3. (so baubling. TN. 5, 1.) Cy. 3, 1; official short stick, or sceptre ornamented at the end with to the figure of a fool's head, with ass's ears, sometimes with that of a doll, or puppet, fr. marotte. S. Douce's I. of Sh. 11, 318. Plate III, fig. 7. 8. 9. So RJ. 2, 4. AW. 4, 5; a lusty, wanton woman. O. 4, 1. This word seems to be a paronomastical hybride of to babble, blab, babe, boy, the greek babalon, bambalon, bu- balion, bubon, the private parts of a woman. Bavin, brushwood, or small faggots, made of such light and combustible matters, used for lighting fires. alld. 3, 2.
Bawcock, a burlesque word of endearment, supposed to be derived from beau coq; rather from boy cock. TN. 3, 4. WT. 1, 2. He. 3, 2. 4, 1.
Bawdry, lewdness. AL. 3, 3. WT. 4, 3. Bay, curtail, dock'd horse, piebald horse. TA. 1, 2. AW. 2. 3; the last extremity. Rb. 2, 3. aHf. 4, 2. TS. 5, 2; laurel. Rc. 2, 4. Hh. 4, 2; a principal division in a building, probably a great square in the framework of the roof, or space between the main beams of the roof, so that a barn twice crossed by beams is a barn of three bays. MM. 2, 1; bay window, now bow window, window in a recess, semicircular sweep, like a bow. TN. 4,2; balcony. - There glitter and swim in this word the elements of the low latin badius, bagus, bagius, baiardus, vadius, vagus; the greek bais, spadix; age, fracture, crevis, chink, bagos; the latin bacca; the Anglosax. bygan, to bend, curve. s. Gifford's Ben Jonson II, 310.
to Bay, to bark, like a dog. Cy. 5, 5. JC. 4, §; to persecute, to bait wh. s. JC. 3, 1. TC.2, s. JC. 4, 1. bHd. 1, 3. MD. 4, 1. Baynard's castle. The residence of Richard 3 at the time of his usurpation, built in the time of William 1 by a Norman of that name, rebuilt by Humphrey D. of Gloucester. Rc. 3, 5. Beachy, furnished with beach, shore, bank, strond. bild. 3, 1.
Beard, to oppose face to face, in a daring
and hostile manner. to threaten even to his beard. aHd. 4, 1. aHf. 1, 3. H. 2, 2. Beards, were at different times either worn, by statute, or shaved, or coloured. MD. 1, 2. MIV. 1, 4. often by way of disguise (whence MM. 5, 2. for 'tie the b.' others read die the b.) or starched. Ben Jons. II, 145. Bearing, carriage, deportment. MA. 2, 1. 3, 1. MV.2, 2. TN. 4. 2. bHƒ. 5, 1. Co. 2, 3. TA. 3, 5.
Bearing cloth, mantle, or cloth, with which a child is usually covered when carried to the church to be baptized or produced among the gossips by the nurse. WT. 3, 3. allf. 1, 3, to Beat on, to keep the thoughts busied or, as we say, hammering upon any particular sub- Beaver, castor; helmet; properly that lower ject. T. 5. bHƒ. 2, 1. part of the helmet, which was let down to en- able the bearer to drink, to take breath, or repast. alld. 4, 1. cHf. 1, 1; H. 1, 2. From bevarum, galerus de bevaro. Dufresne. S. Dou- ce's Ill. of Sh. I, 438.
Beautified, for beautiful. H. 2, 2. Beck, sign with the head, nod. 4C. 3. 9. TA. 1, 2, at one's beck, at one's disposition. H. 3, 1.
Bed, was either a standing one, standing fast, firm, or a trucklebed. trundlebed, bed upon Bedded laid, as corn by wind. H. 3, 4. rollers. MIV. 4, 5. RJ. 2, 1. to Bedabble, to sprinkle, to asperse. MD,3, 2. Bedlum, contracted and corrupted from Beth- to Bedash, to bedabble. Rc. 1, 2. lehem. The priory of Bethlehem, or St. Mary of Bethlehem was converted into an hospital for lunatics in 1546. After the dissolution of the religious houses, where the poor of every deno- mination were provided for, there was for many years no settled provision made to supply the want of that care. In consequence of this neglect, the idle and dissolute were suffered to
Benediction. Out of heaven's benediction or blessing in the warm sun, a proverbial saying for changing the better for worse, as the Germ. aus dem Regen in die Traufe. KL. 2, 4.
wander about the country, assuming such char- Belongings, endowments. MM. 1, 1. acters, as they imagined were most likely to to Bend, to bow, to incline. To b. a pike, to insure success to their frauds and security from put in, for to aim. bhd. 2, 4. Lewdly bent, of detection. Among other disguises many affect- damned life or carriage. bHf. 2, 1. ed madness, and were distinguished by the name of Bedlam beggars. O. Pt. II, 4. cf. Decker's bellman of Lond. On his account the monologue of Edgar 2, 3. is very remarkable. Bedrid, sick a bed. LL, 1, 1. old germ. bett-Benefice, benefit, spiritual living. RJ. 1,4; privirisig. Bedswerver, one who swerves from the fidelity of the marriage bed, adulter, adultress. WT. 2, 1. From swerve, anglos. hweorfan, hwyrfan, cyran, goth. quairban, germ. werben, Wirbel, Wirtel, lat. vertere, kin to gyrus, gr. gyrun, engl. churn, kirn, quern, fr. char
Bedward, towards bed. Co. 1, 6. Compounds with ward formerly were more frequent. Beetle, chafer, scarabee. MM. 3, 1; ramblock, heavy mallet. bHd. 1, 2. a threeman beetle, one so heavy that it required three men to manage it, two at the long handles, one at the head. Beetlebrows, brows that beetle (H. 1, 4.) or jut, as of a frowning one. RJ. 1, 4. where it must be for a mask, or vizor.
to Beggar, to make a beggar, to exhaust. AC. 2, 2.
to Behave, sometimes for to manage, or go- vern, in point of behaviour. TA. 3, 5. Altera- tions of the word are needless. Behaviour, decent, seemly appearance in so- cial life. In my behaviour KJ. 1, 1. is in my countenance, in my person, by me, in my char- acter, in the manner I behave. Practising behaviour to his own shadow TN. 2, 5. making essays of compliments, bows, courteous and fashionable demeau.
Behest, bidding, command. LL. 5, 2. Cy. 5, 4. RJ. 4, 2. TL. 122. Being, since. AC. 3, 6.
Beldame, grandmother, old wife. KJ. 4, 2. bHf. 1, 4. M. 3, 5. rather in a contemptuous meaning. In a good sense old beldame earth. a Hd. 3, 1.
lege. Rc. 3, 7; advantage, favour. Cy. 4, 2. H. 1, 3.
Benizon, benison, blessing. M. 2, 4. KL. 1, 1. 4, 6.
Bent, direction, bias, inclination. He. 5, 2. JC. 2, 1. rib of a ship. AC.2, 2. Full bent, properly the utmost bending of a bow; metaphorically the utmost passion, or mental intention. MĂ. 2, 3. H. 2, 2.
to Benet, to surround, encompass with nets. H. 5, 2.
Benumbed, immoveable, inflexible. TC. 2, 2. S. numb.
Bergamask dance, a rustic dance, framed in the imitation of the people of Bergamasco, who are ridiculed as being more clownish in their manners and dialect, than other people in Italy. MD. 5, 1.
Bermoothes, old form for Bermudas, T. 1, 2. or the isle of devils, discovered 1609 by Sir Tho. Gates, Sommers and Newport, regarded as under the influence of enchantment and inhabited by witches and devils, which grew by reason of accustomed monstrous thunder, storm and tempest. Whence Douce Ill. of Sh. 1, 5. suspects the Tempest written between 1609 and 1614. It is also a cant-term for certain obscure and intricate alleys, in which persons lodged, who had occasion to live cheap or concealed, called also the streights, wh. s. cf. Gifford's Ben Jonson IIII, 480. V, 85.
to Bescreen, to cover by a screen, germ. beschirmen. RJ. 2, 2.
to Beset, to assail, set on, besiege, perplex. MV. 5, 1.
to Beshrew, to wish ill to, to curse. Beshrew
ill befall; so befall. CE. 5, 1. with a substantive, as my heart, my manners, is an impreca tion. CE. 2. 1. MA. 5, 1. MD. 2. 3 5, 1. MV. 2, 6. 3, 2. KJ. 5, 4. He. 5, 2. blf. 3, 1. TC. 4, 2. RJ. 3, 5. 5, 2. H. 2, 1. Likewise the German use beschreien for to bewitch, to enchant, because tune, song and number in whom rooted all existence, are incantation, according to mythological philosophemes.
to Besmirch, to disfigure with smoke or black- ness. He. 4, 3. H. 1, 3. S. smirch. Besort, attendance, society. O. 1, 3. to Besot, to make sot, to deceive, intoxicate, dull, stupify. TC. 2, 2.
to Belee, O. 1, 1. ‘And I, of whom his eyes had seen the proof At Rhodes, at Cyprus, and on other grounds, Christian and heathen, must be belee'd and calm'd By debitor and creditor? Unless heathen is monosyllable, whereof I don't know an example, it seems, that there is a fault in the text, originating no doubt from the bold and uncommon word lee'd, that Shk. perhaps created out of the terms to be in the lee, to go by the lee, to come off by the lee and used in a passive sense. To be in the lee, Steevens says, a vessel is said, when it is so placed, that the wind is intercepted from it. Malone therefore proposes 'must be lee'd' and explains it to fall to leeward, or to lose the advantage of the wind. The meaning is clear and evident, even by the word calm'd. Bell, book and candle KJ. 3, 3. allude to the solemn romish form of excommunication, by to Bestead, to treat, accommodate. Bested diswhich the bell was tolled, the book of offices for the purpose used, and three candles extinguished with certain ceremonies. Bellweather, ram with a bell, as guide of the herd. MW. 3, 5. AL. 3, 2.
to Bellow, to roar. KL. 5, 3. H. 3, 2. Kin to bell, aud the germ. bellen, hallen, gellen. Bellows, instrument used to blow the fire. AC. 1, 1. where it is joined to fan.
Bessy. Two of the most celebrated mad songs are entitled Mad Bess and Mad Tom. Hence Edgar-Tom addresses himself to Bessy. KL. 3, 6.
posed, of complexion. bHf. 2, 3.
to Bestow, to grant, allow. TN. 1, 5. where to reserve deny, is opposed; to employ, to lay out. JC. 1, 3; to employ, or busy one's self. bHd. 2,2; to bury, interr. H. 4,3. 3, 4. to lodge, to harbour. KL. 2, 4. The relation of this word with bestead and the greek staō, histao, shows the general notion of to collocate, place, put, station.
ᏴᎥ . ( 94 ) Bestowing, endowing force, power bestowed, granted. TC. 3, 2.
Bestraught, distracted. TS. ind. 2. The verb is not to be met with; may be it has been to bestraught, since there is also the form be- straughted.
to Bestride, to stride over, to mount, ascend, bHf. 5, 4. as a horse. Cy. 4, 4. of course, to rule, govern. JC. 1,1; to stay tread astraddle over one, for to defend or protect him. CE. 5, 1. bilf. 5, 3. Co. 2, 2. M. 4, 3. alld. 5, 1. Kin to tread, straddle, scot. striddle. to Bet, to lay a wage, to wager. bild. 3, 2. He. 2, 1. H. 5, 2. Kin to the germ. wetten, the lat vas, vadis, the westphal. wit, quit. to Betake himself, to addict; to retire, to withdraw, to set about; to have recourse to. RJ. 1, 4.
to Beteem, to bestow, give, afford, allow, MD. 1, 1. H. 1, 2. where beteene of the folios, be- tweane, and let e'en are erroneous. S. to teem. to Bethump, to beat, pommel, cudgel, swinge. KJ. 2, 2.
to Betide, to happen, befall. T. 1, 2. Rb. 5, 1. Cy. 4, 3. cHf. 4. 6. Rc. 1, 2. 1, 3. 2, 4. Spenser's betight may lead to the origin from the gr. tychō, teuchō, tynchanō. cf. tide. Bevel, crooked; a term used only by masons and joiners. Steevens at S. 121. where straight is opposed.
Bevis of Southampton, a famous knight of romance. bHf. 2, 3. Hh. 1, 1.
Bevy, company, party. Hh. 1, 4. originally a drinking one, from the ital. bevere, lat. bibere;
to Bewhore, to call a whore, to treat like a whore. 0.4, 2.
to Bewray, to betray, discover, disclose. bHf. 1, 3. cHf. 3, 3. Co. 5, 3. TAn. 2, 5. 5, 1. KL. 2, 1. 3, 6. S. Douce's Ill. of Sh. II, 26. Bezonian, a beggar; a filthy knave, clown, rascal. Hd. 5, S. bHf. 4, 1. From the italian bisogno, bisognoso, fr, besoin.
Bias, aslope, hanging down, dropping. LL. 4, 2. TC. 1, 3. 4, 5; bent, inclination, propension, proclivity. TN. 5, 1. KL. 1, 2. Kinto the french biais, and the Greek bia, is, lat. vis, force, power.
Bickering, strife, contest, quarrel, scuffling, fighting. bif. 1, 1. Kin to wag, lat. vaga- ri, and pickeer, piqueer, beak, peg, fr. pique, bec, beche, pioche, germ. spitz, Spitze. to Bid, to invite, pray. MV.2, 5. AL. 5, 2; to offer (battle) cHf. 3, 3. Kin to bode, old germ. boiten, beg, goth. bidjan, germ. bieten, in compounds anbieten, gebieten, entbieten, auf- bieten; bitten.
Bidding, behest, order, command. AW. 2, 5. WT. 2, 1. 2,3. AC. 1, 4. TAn. 4, 4. Cy. 3, 4. Biddy, term of alluring chucks, tuck, tuck. TN. 3, 4.
to Bide (s. to abide) to suffer. LL. 1, 1. TN. 1, 5; to abode, dwell, sojourn. cHf. 1, 1. Biding, lodging, abode, harbour. KL. 4. 6. Bier, wooden frame to carry a dead body upon, hearse. Cy. 4, 2. RJ. 3, 4. Kin to bear, wear, gr. pherein, germ. Bahre.
Big, thick, bulky; haughty, proud, disdainful. Ìh. 1, 1. KL. 5. 3; pregnant. Cy. 1, 1. to the gr. pegos, pyknos. Biggen, properly a cap of a beguine; a close cap for children, to assist nature in closing the sutures of the scull; a course kind of night-
cap. bHd. 4, 4. S. Gifford's BJ. III, 315. VII, 275..
Bilbo, bilboes, a fine flexible spanish blade. MW. 3. 5; a kind of stocks, blocks or fetters, used at sea to confine prisoners. H. 5, 2. From the town of Bilboa in Spain, being famous for the manufacture of iron and steel.
Bill, beak, nib. Cy. 4. 1; a kind of pike, or halbert, formerly carried by the english in- fantry. MA. 3, 3, AL. 1, 2. Rb. 3, 2. TA. 3, 4; advertisement set up against a wall, some public place, a placard; as of public challengers. MA. 1, 1. law, statute. He. 1, 1; memorial, memorandum. allf. 3, 1. Kin to the gr. pellein, pelekys, germ. Beil, engl. pelt, pull; fr. billet, it. polizza, germ. Bulle, fr. poulet (s. the interpreters of LL. 4, 1.) from the gr. peleia, dove, as owner of languages. S. Kanne's Pantheon der ältest. Naturph. 315. 625.
to Bill, to join bills kissing, as doves do. AL. 3, 3. TC. 3, 2.
to Billet, to assign by bill. Co. 4, 3. Bin, for been, are, is. Cy. 2, 3. Birdbolt, a short thick arrow with a broad flat end, used to kill birds without piercing, by the mere force of the blow. MA. 1, 1. LL. 4, 3. TN. 1, 5. Representations of it s. in Douce's Ill. of Sh. I, 164 Bolt is from pellere, to drive pallein, ballein, kin to the lat. pilum, germ. Pfeil, Bolzen.
Birthdom, birthright. M. 4, 3. Bisson, spelt also beasom, beesom, beesen, Bisket, biscuit. AL. 1, 7. TC. 2. 1. beezen, bisme, anglos. bisen, blind. Co. 2, 1. H. 2, 2.
Bitch, brach. TC. 2, 1. Slavon. pes, germ.
Black Monday, Easter monday, so called from the severity of that day, Apr. 14, 1360. which was so extraordinary, that of Edward III's soldiers, then before Paris, many died with the cold. MV. 2, 5.
Bladder, long pipe of leather, to lead the water from a pomp to a barrel or vessel. aHd. 2, 4; blain, blister Hh. 3, 2.
Blade, to sprout, shoot forth. M. 4, 1. Kin to bliss, blith, bless, bleast, low lat. bledum, fr. blé, germ. Blatt, gr. blaō, blazō, blassō, blattō, bleō, bliō, bloō, blyō, blōskō, phlaō, phleō, flos, Blüthe. Hence
Blade, the spires of grass, the green shoots of corn, which rise from the seed; metaph. flower. AW. 5, 3. But blade of a sword (MA. 5, 1. MD. 5, 1. aHƒ. 2, 4. Rc. 1, 4. RJ. 1, 1.) is relationed to the gr. platys, latus, broad. Blank, the white mark in the centre of a butt, at which the arrow was aimed. KL. 1, 4. WT. 2, 3. 0. 3, 4; a mode of extortion, by which blank papers were given to the agents of the crown, which they were to fill up as they pleased, to authorize the demands, they chose to make. Rb. 2, 1; no honours at cards, germ. Niete, opp. to lot. TN. 3. 1. Co. 5, 2. TC.4, 5.
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