P. 179. (162) "Sweet is the country, beauteous, full of riches ;"

The folio has "Sweet is the Country, because full of Riches."—"Because' has undoubtedly usurped the place of some epithet, in all probability 'beauteous.' 'Sweet' is wholesome." Walker's Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 162,where, in a note, Mr. W. N. Lettsom remarks, "So Hanmer, whose excellent correction ["beauteous"] was rejected by Capell, and has been since forgotten."

Mr. Collier's Ms. Corrector and Hanmer substitute "worthy."

P. 179. (164)

"When have I aught exacted at your hands,

But to maintain the king, the realm, and you?"

The folio has "Kent to maintaine, the King," &c.,—the word "Kent" having crept in here by some mistake,—perhaps in consequence of its occurring three times a little above.-Steevens conjectured "Bent to maintain the king," &c.; which does not well suit the context.-I have no hesitation in adopting the correction of Johnson, "But to maintain the king," &c.,—which Walker (Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 162) pronounces to be "undoubtedly" the right reading.-Mr. Singer and Mr. Collier print "Kent, to maintain the king," &c.,-supposing "Kent" to be addressed to the Kentish men: which appears to me no less strange than Mr. Collier's objection to Johnson's emendation "But," that it makes Lord Say acknowledge himself guilty of exaction.

So the fourth folio.-The earlier eds. have "Candle."

Altered in the second folio to "the help of a hatchet."-Farmer conjectured 'pap with a hatchet" (a cant phrase of the time).—Steevens gave "the pap of a hatchet."-The Rev. J. Mitford (Gent. Magazine for Nov. 1844, p. 458) would read ". - and the helve of a hatchet:" but why the handle of that instrument?-Steevens says that "the help of a hatchet is little better than nonsense,"-forgetting that "a hempen caudle" properly comes under the head of nonsense also:-if we allow of the latter prescription for Lord Say's "sickness and diseases," we surely need not be offended at the former.

So The First Part of the Contention, &c.—The folio has "The Palsie."

The folio has "rabble."-I give the emendation of the two Ms. Correctors, Mr. Collier's and Mr. Singer's; and, though it requires nothing to confirm it, I may mention that in the corresponding speech of the older play Cade is termed "this monstrous Rebell here."

The folio has "him." (These two words are very often confounded in old books: see note 168 on As you like it.)

Walker (Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 162) would read "given over." But, says Mr. Staunton, "to give out in the sense of resign or surrender is yet current among the vulgar."

P. 182. (171)

"Crying 'Viliaco! unto all they meet.”

The folio has "Crying Villiago," &c.-Theobald printed "Crying, Villageois," &c.; which Capell (see his note) adopted with hesitation; and Mr. Hunter (New Illust. of Shakespeare, ii. 73) has protested against.—The old reading 'villiago," or more properly "viliaco," is a term of reproach which we not unfrequently find in our early writers. So in Every Man out of his Humour, act v. sc. 3, "Now out, base viliaco!" where Gifford (Jonson's Works, ii. 181) has the following note; "This word occurs in Decker: 'Before they came near the great hall, the faint-hearted villiacoes sounded at least thrice.' Untrussing the Humorous Poet. In both places it means a worthless dastard (from the Italian vigliacco)." Mr. Hunter, ubi supra, is not quite correct when he says that "Villiago is given by Florio in his Dict. :" Florio has "Vigliacco, a rascall, a base varlet," &c.)

"Dr. Warburton reads 'Henry hath mercy;' but he does not seem to have attended to the speaker's drift, which is to lure them from their present design by the hope of French plunder. He bids them spare England, and go to France, and encourages them by telling them that all is ready for their expedition; that they have strength, and the king has money." JOHNSON.

P. 184. (174)

"Of savage gallowglasses and stout kerns" The folio has "Of Gallow-glasses and stout Kernes,”- -a word having dropt out.-Hanmer printed "Of desp'rate gallowglasses," &c.; Capell, "Of nimble gallowglasses," &c.-The Rev. J. Mitford (Gent. Magazine for Nov. 1844, p. 458) and Mr. Collier's Ms. Corrector read " stout Irish kerns," &c.: but why apply that epithet especially to the "kerns," and not to the "gallowglasses," who were Irish also? (The ferocity of the latter was notorious: Drayton speaks of "the slaught'ring Galli-glass.")

P. 184. (175)

"His arms are only to remove from thee

The Duke of Somerset, whom he terms a traitor." In my Remarks on Mr. Collier's and Mr. Knight's eds. of Shakespeare, p. 130, I maintained that we ought to read here "His aims are only," &c. But I

now see that "arms" is undoubtedly the right word: compare not only, in the next speech,

"And now is York in arms to second him.

And ask him what's the reason of these arms;"

but also the lines at p. 188,

P. 184. (176)

The cause why I have brought this army hither

Is, to remove proud Somerset from the king," &c.
"Buck. That is too much presumption on thy part:
But if thy arms be to no other end," &c.

"calm'd,"

So the fourth folio.-The first folio has "calme," the second "claimd," the third "claim'd."—" For 'calme' I would read 'chas'd;' perhaps it was written chac'de." Walker's Crit. Exam. &c. vol. ii. p. 68.

Seymour and Walker (Crit. Exam. &c. vol. ii. p. 321) conjecture

So the second folio.-The first folio has "Ambitions."

"Or."

So Hanmer and Mr. Collier's Ms. Corrector.-The folio has " on."-Compare Iden's speech at foot of this page,-" Climbing my walls," &c.

"What has 'bravely' to do here?" Walker's Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 162. -Qy. "heavily"?

P. 185. (182)

"Enter Iden, with Servants behind."

The folio does not mark the entrance of the Servants; but it seems to be a necessary addition, as Cade presently speaks of Iden's "five men."-In the original play the corresponding stage-direction is, "Enter Iacke Cade at one doore, and at the other maister Alexander Eyden and his men," &c.; and there Iden concludes his third speech by saying to his men, "Sirrha fetch me weopons, and stand you all aside.”—The Cambridge Editors remark; "By comparing this scene as it stands in the Quartos with that of the Folios it will appear that Shakespeare, in remodelling it, intended that Iden should be alone when he encountered Cade, as his first speech is evidently a soliQ

VOL. V.

loquy; and after he has killed Cade he disposes of the body with his own hands. Shakespeare omitted, however, to strike out the reference to the 'five men.'" If so, why did not the Cambridge Editors banish the passage about the "five men" to the notes?

Rowe printed "and's worth," &c.: but the text seems to be elliptical, and to have the same meaning.

Now, it is a pity that so fine an
As Cade here says that "though

"The true text," according to Mr. Collier, "undoubtedly is 'fine men,' as the word is amended in the corr. fo. 1632." emendation should be so absurdly wrong. he has eaten no meat these five days, he is nevertheless more than a match for Iden and his five men," so, in his next speech, after being stabbed, he says, 'Famine and no other hath slain me: let ten thousand devils come against me, and give me but the ten meals I have lost, and I'd defy them all."

Altered by Capell to "'squire of Kent;" and so too Mr. Collier's Ms. Corrector.

Here I have added "But."-Rowe printed "As for more words."-Mason proposed "As for mere words."

So the original play, in the corresponding passage.-The folio has "Ioue;" which, observes Malone, “was undoubtedly introduced by the editor of the folio to avoid the penalty of the statute, 3 Jac. I. ch. 21."

P. 188. (192)

"We twain will go into his highness' tent." "Shakespeare has here deviated from the original play without much propriety. He has followed it in making Henry come to Buckingham and York, instead of their going to him; yet without the introduction found in the quarto, where the lines stand thus;

'Buck. Come, York, thou shalt go speak unto the king;

P. 189. (193)

But see, his grace is coming to meet with us.'" MALONE.

Capell prints "hear."

"heard"

Walker (Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 162) would read " "press," preferable.

,"-which seems

Capell, on account of what follows, conjectures "wast thou."

Walker (Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 163) conjectures "this," as more natural.

P. 189. (197)

So Mr. W. N. Lettsom.

"Iden, rise up a knight."

The folio has merely "rise up a Knight;" which Hanmer altered to "and rise thou up a knight," Capell to "now rise thou up a knight."

P. 190. (199) "Not fit to govern and rule multitudes,"

'Papæ! Rule and govern.' Ita postulant aures, immo et contextus loci, quem vide." Walker's Crit. Exam. &c. vol. iii. p. 163.-The corresponding line in the original play is

"That knowes not how to gouerne nor to rule."

ask of

So Theobald and Mr. Collier's Ms. Corrector. The folio has " thee," &c.-By "these" York "means either his sons, or his troops, to whom he may be supposed to point." MALONE.-Theobald, at Warburton's suggestion, made this speech begin with what is now its third line.