G. LANSING AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL, AND ADVOCATE OF INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. PUBLISHED WEEKLY, AT No. 35 WALL STREET, NEW-YORK, AT THREE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. D. K. MINOR, EDITOR.] CONTENTS: Notices of Railroads ; &c. 401 402 .403 105 Babbage on the Economy of Manufactures, continued.406 407' Annual Report of the Military Academy at Westpoint. 405 Literary Notices... Foreign Intelligence; Summary. Poetry Meteorological Record; Advertisements. .410 SATURDAY, JUNE 29, 1833. [VOLUME II.-No. 26. that an investment in such a road will be found both profitable and patriotic. for them? This, however, they do not claim although they would like to have the State take a part of the Stock. They do ask, however, NEW-YORK AND ALBANY RAILROAD.-We the privilege of constructing a Railroad for have before us a pamphlet containing a mass themselves: with which view they propose to of facts, showing the feasibility and importance open books, in a few days, to receive Subscrip- of this Railroad. Our columns, however, were tions to the Stock, and therefore we lay before occupied with other matter before it came to our readers an outline of the country, with a hand-so much so, indeed, that we have barely 113 delineation of the principal lines of communi- space to acknowledge its receipt, and say that 415 cation between the Atlantic and the Western it will receive proper attention in our next. Waters. Accompanying it will also be found We would, however, call attention to the adsome suggestions relative to the plan proposed vertisement in some of the daily papers, relato be adopted in its construction. tive to the opening of the books of subscription in this city, Dutchess County, and Albany, on of July. 112 .416 AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL, &c. We have had some doubts, heretofore, as to the most judicious mode of constructing the first track of this road-but, from recent accounts of the success of the cheap mode of conWe have been politely furnished with late structing the South Carolina Railroad, we Reports of the Boards of Directors of the Boston hesitate not to say that we are decidedly in fa- and Providence and South Carolina Railroad vor of constructing a single track, with suitable Companies, both of which will receive an early The extract of a letter relative to the inten-road may be built that will last many years, By adopting this mode, a An apology is due from us for having so long tion of our neighbors to "tap" the State of at about 6 or $7000 per mile, which will accom-delayed Mr. Bulkley's communication in reply New-York at Owego, published last week, must modate the present necessities of the inhabi- to Mr. Boyden, upon the subject of the Guard necessarily awaken those interested in the tants, and enable the Company hereafter to Rail; it will, however, we trust, be found in early construction of the New-York and Erie construct a permanent road at about two-thirds the long documents which have so entirely preRailroad to the importance of immediate action of the present cost, and with such improve-occupied our columns for several weeks past, -unless they are willing to see a large share ments as may be introduced in the mode of and of which we have others still on hand. of the business of New-York diverted to Phila. construction. Such a road can be completed We shall give it a place at as early a period as delphia and Baltimore, whose citizens are acat a much earlier period than one constructed possible. tively alive to whatever tends to promote their of heavy materials-a consideration of much own and the general prosperity. We shall find importance to those who are most interested in that, whilst we are contemplating, unmoved, its construction; and, upon it may be used their success and enterprize, the vaunted su- either horse or steam power, as may be deemperiority of our Internal Improvements willed most expedient. prove so only in imagination. BROOKLYN AND JAMAICA RAILROAD.-We are happy to learn that this road is about to be commenced, and completed with all possible despatch, probably by the first of June 1834. The stock has been all subscribed, and four cost of the road is estimated a' about $110,000 routes surveyed, by Mr. Douglass. The whole for a single track-distance from Brooklyn to Jamaica, between 11 and 12 miles. The company are compelled by their charter to purrepairs, will amount to $50,000, making in the chase the turnpike stock, which, with various whole $160,000. It is in contemplation to make a branch from Jamaica to the great Marine Pavilion now erecting at Rockaway, one the country. When these improvements shall of the most pleasant places for sea-bathing in be completed, the line from Brooklyn to Jamaica, and to Rockaway, will be ornamented with numerous cottages and mansions. Long Island is well calculated for pleasant residences That steam power may be used with great Of the immense advantages derived by those advantage, we have good evidence in the expein the vicinity of the Erie Canal, it is unneces- riments made upon the South Carolina Railsary to speak-they are well understood by all. road, which, when completed, will have cost, May not those, then, living remote from it, including 18 locomotives, 108 freight and 12 and in a great measure beyond its favorable passenger cars, not exceeding $7200 per mile, influence, after having contributed to its early and upon which the distance of 140 miles per success, and waited patiently until it has nearly day is now performed with great ease, with paid for itself, with great propriety claim their both freight and passengers. May we not, right to have an improved mode of conveyance then, construct a road for the same, or a less for the produce of their soil to market? May cost, which will give us a ready access to the they not claim equal-they ask no more-pri- interior, and at the same time afford to the invileges with their northern neighbors, on, and habitants of a large section of the State an easy in hot weather, on account of the sea-breezes, near the lines of 500 miles of Canal? If they and cheap mode of sending to market at all the comforts of which may be experienced at are entitled to equal privileges, then may they seasons of the year? The experiment is at almost any time or hour of the day.-Hempnot call upon the State to construct a Railroad" least worth making, and we are fully convinced" stead (L. I.) Inquirer.] Circular to the Stockholders of the New-Jersey ||ed in two hours. Now, as the prices are the || could be effected in six hours, and would always Railroad and Transportation Company, ex- same, and nearly half the time saved to the man be passed in less than seven hours, and at prices hibiting the past operations, present situa- of business, no reason is perceived why the which would secure a large portion of the tion, and future prospects of the Company. railroad will not receive a decided preference travel. Thus it appears to the Committee, Prepared by order of the Board of Directors. in the transportation of passengers. It will be that in any event the calculations of carrying [Continued from page 387.] recollected too, that, for a considerable portion a part of the New-York and Philadelphia pasIt may be objected to the calculation above of the winter months, the river at New-Bruns-sengers on this road are rendered certain. submitted, that Railroads cannot compete withwick is obstructed with ice, during which period The New-Jersey Railroad possesses great steamboats, where there is a water as well as the Railroad will be without competition." advantages from the fact that there is not only land communication. Although there may posIf the railroad can successfully compete with an immense amount of transportation passing sibly be places so situated as to render it doubt the boats between New-York and New-Bruns-in a direct line from one extremity of the road ful, until the experiment shall have been actual wick, and it appears to be perfectly reasonable to the other, but that there are new sources of ly made, whether Railroads can successfully to conclude that it can, it follows as a necessary revenue springing up on the whole line of the compete with steamboats, still the Committee consequence, that a considerable portion of the road. The Somerville Railroad will intersect this believe, that no reasonable doubt can be raised travelling between New-York and Philadelphia, road at or south of Elizabethtown. By a supin the present case to vary unfavorably the not included in the foregoing estimate, will take plement to the charter of the last-named Comresults to which they have arrived. Few roads the New-Jersey Railroad. The condition upon pany, passed at the last session of the Legislacan so well compete with steamboats as this. which the privileges conferred on the Camden ture, their road was extended from Somerville In the first place, the road is graded nearly to a and Amboy Railroad, in the supplement to their to Easton and Belvidere. From surveys alrealevel, twenty-six feet to the mile being the charter, passed in 1832, is, that they shall have dy made for the Susquehannah and Delaware highest elevation allowed; while much the a branch of their road completed from the city Railroad Company, by Major Beach, it appears largest portion of the road does not rise even of New-Brunswick to some point on their line, that their road may be constructed along the to this grade. In the next place, the road is at or west of Spotswood, as soon as the New-west shore of the Delaware, from Easton or principally composed of straight lines, there Jersey Railroad shall be built to New-Bruns-Belvidere, to the Water Gap, and thence across being but two curves on the whole route, of a wick. Should the Camden and Amboy Rail- the country to Pittston, on the Susquehannah, less radius than 1000 feet, and these not difficult: road Company neglect to construct this branch the Lackawana Coal region, at an expense consequently there can be no obstacle in the at the time specified, they would unquestiona- which would have justified the undertaking, way of using steam engines as the moving bly forfeit the exclusive privileges conferred by even before the New-Jersey Railroad was charpower on the road, or of travelling at the fastest the supplement consequently, whenever the tered, or the Somerville Railroad extended to rate, that experience has shown to be safe on New-Jersey Railroad shall be completed to New- the Delaware. It is the opinion of competent Railroads that are straight, and nearly level. Brunswick, the line of communication by land judges, that no better route could be selected Even the Camden and Amboy road, excellent on railroads will be extended from New-York for the line of a road extending from New-York as that work undoubtedly is, has curves and an to Bordentown, if not to Camden. The time to Lake Erie, than that of the road just named, elevation to overcome which are inconvenient. required to run the boat between New-York with a proper extension from Pittston to some From the nature of the ground near South Am- and Amboy is about two hours, and frequently suitable point on the Lake. It is not necessaboy, an elevation of 45 feet to the mile, and more; while the longest time required by the ry at this time to decide whether such extenfrequent curves for some miles, were ine- railroad to run to New-Brunswick will neversion will ever be made, in order to show the imvitable. The distance between Newark and exceed two hours. It will not require so long mense advantages that will result to the NewNew-York by water is 27 miles, requiring at a time to pass from New-Brunswick to Spots- Jersey Railroad, from the business that may be least two hours for each trip of a good boat. wood on the branch, as from Amboy to that place done on the Somerville and the Susquehannah By land the distance is less than 8 miles, and on the main line, the distance being about four and Delaware roads, or even on the Somerville can be passed on the Railroad in from 20 to 30 miles shorter, and the elevation and many of road alone. This last road runs through a rich minutes; the stages require at least an hour to the worst curves on that road, near Amboy, agricultural country, the produce and business perform the passage. The prices by the will thereby be avoided. As no higher prices of which, in the opinion of persons acquainted Railroad being less than by stages, and about will be charged to passengers by way of New-with the subject, would yield an ample revenue the same as by the steamboat, there can be no Brunswick, than by way of Amboy, no reason to the road, independent of the business that doubt which mode of transportation will receive can be assigned why this railroad will not re- would meet it at the Delaware. It is believed the public patronage. In the transportation of ceive a full share of the travellers and business that coal might be transported on this road, so light merchandize between the places last between the great cities. Should a portion of as to compete successfully with other modes of named, the Railroad will successfully compete the travelling between New-York and Phila- transportation. As the Somerville Railroad with the steamboat and sloops, as common delphia be carried on this road, the other line of will intersect the New-Jersey Railroad at least waggons are now preferred to the boats for car- communication will still continue to be well thirteen, and probably eighteen or twenty miles rying many articles. As the price of transporta- supported. There is, at this time, business from Jersey Ci'y, it follows that the latter will tion can be greatly reduced below the actual enough between the cities just named to sus-be greatly benefitted by the construction of the cost of transportation on waggons, it follows tain two lines of conveyance. And whenever former road. The only question that remains that the Railroad Company will carry the light a fair competition exists, and the prices of trans-is, whether the Somerville road will be made. merchandize, and much of the heavier kinds. portation are brought down to their lowest rea-If entire feasibility and a reasonable prospect The Railroad has a decided advantage over sonable rate, the increase of business more than of profit can furnish sufficient inducements, it the steamboat plying between New-York and compensates for the loss to either line, by divi- certainly will. Elizabethtown Point. The Railroad is loca-ding the business. It is true that the Camden There is another advantage possessed by the ted through the town of Elizabeth, while the and Amboy Railroad Company may charge New-Jersey Railroad and Transportation Comsteamboat must stop at the Point, which is $250 on every passenger on their road from pany, of which few other Companies can boast. about two miles from the town. Passengers Camden to New-Brunswick, and thus prevent Their road is located through a region of counfor New-York must be transported that dis- the joint use of their road west of Spotswood, try teeming with an agricultural, mechanical, tance in stages before they reach the boat, over still it does not follow that because power is and manufacturing population. The towns a road which for a considerable part of the year vested in the hands of fair and honorable men, through and in the neighborhood of which it is bad. It requires at least an hour and a half that it will therefore be abused. But take the passes, as well as the interior of the country for the passage from Elizabethtown to New-worst state of the case for this road: suppose depending upon it, are increasing in population York by stages and the steamboat, and fre- the Camden and Amboy Railroad Conpany and business with astonishing rapidity. In quently much longer, while passengers may for should exact the whole amount allowed by 1820, the population of Newark was 6,507; in the same price, by the Railroad, be landed in law for each passenger, a case which the Com-1830, 10,953; and it unquestionably is, at this New-York in less than an hour. From this mittee believe will never occur, what will be the time, 15,000. The mechanical and manufacturview of the subject, it would appear to be per-result to them and to us? It has been showning business of this place has more than kept fectly reasonable to calculate upon carrying all that the distance between New-York and New- pace the passengers from and to Elizabethtown, in-Brunswick can be passed in an hour and a half. articles made in this town, for exportation, with its population. The manufactured stead of one half, as has been estimated. The Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad will amount, according to the opinion of those enNo competition with the Railroad from any be completed as soon as, or before, the New-gaged in manufacturing, to $3,000,000 annually, other mode of conveyance between New-York Jersey Railroad can be finished to New-Bruns-and are principally transported to New-York on and Rahway need be apprehended. The calcu-wick, and can always be passed in an hour and common waggons. It is believed, in Newark, lation of the income to the road from New a half. There will then remain but twenty-six that the manufacturing business of the town Brunswick is based upon the supposition that miles of common turnpike road to pass, in the has doubled in five years, and there is every the railroad will carry half of the passengers and whole line from New-York to Philadelphia, and reason to anticipate, that the same ratio of inone-fourth of the merchandize. The point how-a good line of stages will run over this space crease to the business and population of the ever is not conceded, that steamboats and sloops in from two and a half to three hours. Should town, which has been witnessed during the will carry the passengers or merchandize even the road be properly improved, so as to adapt last five or ten years, will continue for the fuin that proportion. It requires from three and it to the uses of a thoroughfare communication, ture. Some evidence of the rapid growth of a half to four hours for the passage of a good as it undoubtedly will, if it becomes necessary, it Newark is furnished by the per centage reboat, between New-York and New-Brunswick. could be passed at any season of the year in ceived on the business of his office by the Post On the Railroad the passage may be effected in from two and a half to three hours. Thus the Master of that place for some years past. From an hour and a half, and will always be perform.llentire passage between the two great cities 1824 to 1829, his average receipts per annum were $871, while from 1829 to 1833 they were on any point with incredible velocity, and thus miles is nearly level; and thence to the Lakes $1317, and during the last year, $1591. But a prevent the disasters of invasion, or effect the no discouraging obstacles exist. stronger proof still is furnished by comparing objects of attack. As a whole, the line prescribed presents the number of passengers carried between that In conclusion, the Committee respectfully many advantages for the construction of a railplace and New-York a few years ago, and the urge upon the Company the importance of road; those portions of it especially which are number that pass at this time. The only pub-carrying forward the enterprize they have in most uneven abound with the necessary malic accommodation for travellers seven or eight hand, with the utmost despatch that a careful terials of stone and timber. years ago were four or five small two-horse and prudent expenditure of their means will From the preceding observations, it will be stages, owned and driven by colored men, not admit. The prospect of a certain and speedy apparent that the proposed railway will furnish carrying more than seventy or eighty passen- return for funds invested in such a work is a the shortest and cheapest medium of communigers a day. Now there are eight large four-sufficient incentive to the capitalists to go for-cation with this city, from an immense extent horse coaches in the winter, and ten in the ward. If other inducements were wanted, they of country on its right and left, and from the resummer, making two trips a day, and carrying are found in the vast benefits to be conferred gions beyond its western limit. about two hundred passengers each way daily on the State through which the road is located, The great increase of travelling may be owing, and the nation at large. in some measure, to the greater frequency, certainty, and comfort, afforded to travellers by the coaches put upon the road by the Messrs. Stevens and Mr. Colden. If increased facilities for communication between Newark and New JOHN S. DARCY, and Erie Railroad. Committee. York are furnished, it is believed that the bu- Considerations on the subject of the New-York It is distant from any other eligible route, on either side, for travel or transport to the Lakes or to the Ohio river. It will afford the readiest passage to this city from the whole of the western portion of this state-from Cincinnati and Pittsburg, by steamboat on the Ohio and Allegany rivers, and from the western states by the Lakes, the Ohio and Indiana canals, and over land. A glance at the map will at once indicate the The attention of the public and of the legisla-importance of the route to this city, to the counthe manufacturer to avail himself of all the ad-ture has for several years been directed to the try through which it passes, and to the states vantages of buying and selling at the head of subject of opening a state road, or other medi-and territories of the west. Its importance to the market, and also affording facilities to the um of communication, direct from this city to this city is too obvious to need any illustration. merchant from distant parts of the country Lake Erie, through the southern counties of It passes through a country remarkable for its trading in New-York, to visit the manufactur- this state. healthfulness, and adapted to the support of a ing establishments in Newark, without inter The importance of such an avenue to a large dense population; but as yet favored with no fering with his daily avocations while in the portion of the state, and to the trade and inter-eligible means of transporting its products to city, will present sufficient inducements to men course between this city and the western country, market. As a medium of communication with of business to travel this road frequently. especially in the winter months, has long been the western states, both in summer and winter, Much that has been said of Newark will also ap-felt; the subject has been repeatedly presented it can have no rival. ply to Elizabethtown, Rahway, and New-Bruns-to the legislature in executive messages, and If it be considered that, from the nature of the wick. They are all flourishing towns, rapidly surveys and estimates for a public road over country, no other route can be found possessing increasing in population and business, and will the whole distance were made, by the direction the advantages of this, and terminating south of constantly augment the income of this road. of that body, at the expense of the state, nearly the Highlands, and that this will accommodate The populous counties of Essex, Morris and ten years ago. throughout the year the vast and rapidly inWarren, and parts of Sussex, Hunterdon and Since that period every succeeding year has creasing travel and transport between this part Somerset, lie west of the line of this road, and added to the force of all the considerations in of the Atlantie border and the west, and will find an outlet to the city of New-York for their favor of such a thoroughfare; the population, supply the facilities now wanting to the trade surplus productions over some part of ittrade, and wealth of this city, and of this and the and intercourse of this city with the Lakes and They are already studded with flourishing vil-western states, and the intercourse between the valley of the Mississippi, there can be no lages and manufacturing establishments; and this port and the region of the Lakes, have been extravagance in the opinion that the proposed possessing great agricultural and mineral vastly augmented; and the necessity of greater railway would be altogether the most important wealth, and immense water power, they will facilities for constant and rapid cominunication and most productive thoroughfare from the coast constantly add to the revenue of the work. throughout the whole year have become more to the interior in any part of the country. This The Committee cannot conclude without pre-and more evident, especially since the means of opinion is confirmed by every view of the subsenting another view of this subject. They such communication have been in progress on jeet: whether we consider the business and reconsider this work as one of immense national several more southerly routes, between the lations of the commercial capital from which importance. There is a line of inland commu-waters of the Atlantic and the Ohio river. the route proceeds, the points with which it is nication by Railroads in a course of construc- In April, 1832, the legislature, of this state, connected, or the countries beyond its termina. tion, from the city of Boston, over a great por-chartered the "New-York and Erie Railroad |tion; whether we consider the question of econtion of the line, to the city of Washington; and Company," for the purpose of constructing a omy of time and expense involved in the travel there can be no doubt that when the advan-railway from this city to Lake Erie, through and transport between this city and every part tages of an easy, safe, and vastly accelerated the southern counties of this state. of the western interior and the lakes, or whether modation of the public, it would seem to be sufficiently apparent that this will have advantages which must give it a precedence over any other. But however obvious, unquestionable, and immense may be the advantages and benefits of such a thoroughfare to the public, it is necessary to consider whether it would, at the same time, be advantageous to its proprietorswhether it would constitute a safe and produc tive investment. mode of transportation by land shall be estab The route prescribed in the charter of this we regard the present amount of trade and inlished on extensive portions of this line, that company connects this city with the remote intercourse to be accommodated, or that which national pride, or at least considerations of mu-terior, the eastern with the western states, and a few years would exhibit with a railway requitual interest, will induce all who are concerned the Atlantic with the Lakes, by the most direct ring 30 or 40 hours only for the passage hence to unite in perfecting the whole line by the best and shortest practicable line attainable from to Lake Erie. practicable route. Nor should it be forgotten any point; the whole distance being but little If a railroad from any point on the Atlantic to that in the construction of any link in this great greater than that from Albany to Buffalo. Of the western interior is required for the accomchain, it is destined to be extended through the this distance about one hundred and fifty miles Southern States, and finally to New-Orleans, are adjacent to the Delaware, Susquehanna and The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad is calculated Tioga rivers; beyond which the route crosses to connect the great Western Valley with the the waters of the Genesee, the Allegany, and Atlantic States, and thus extend the benefits of several less important streams. It likewise in these improvements throughout the country. tersects the Delaware and Hudson canal, and For the transportation of the mail, and the car-passes near the southern termination of the rying of passengers, no means yet discovered Chemung canal, the Chenango canal now about can be compared to Railroads. Their perma-to be constructed, and the Ithaca and Owego nency during all seasons of the year, while railroad, and terminates on a portion of Lake other channels of communication are liable to Erie which is liable to little obstruction from ice, There need be no hesitation in saying, that if frequent obstruction, and the certainty with and from which communications, now open and any similar work from any other point on tide which travellers can calculate on passing from in progress to the Ohio river, and to all the water to the west is safe and desirable to the place to place, will secure to them an unfailing western states, are easily accessible. stockholders, this would assuredly prove so: succession of business. Nothing can tend more Generally, the face of the country to be traver- and if events hitherto have, as is known to be to perpetuate our inestimable Union than to sed is favorable to the object. Unlike the more the case, fully justified the confidence in which bring the people of distant States frequently southerly routes from the Atlantic to the west, some similar works were undertaken several together, by means of improved channels of there are on this no extensive ranges of moun-years ago, particularly that of the Baltimore and communication. In time of peace, such an im-tains to be crossed, nor any formidable eleva- Ohio Railroad, there can be no temerity in unprovement as this company is engaged in con- tions to be overcome. dertaking the work now under consideration. structing is of great importance to the com- From a point a few miles west from Hudson But, though the object in view cannot be of munity in time of war, its value would be ab- river, a valley through the Highlands affords solutely incalculable. By means of such a road an easy progress into Orange county, within running through the several States, a much which country no considerable impediments ocsmaller body of men could guard a more ex-cur. The passage through Sullivan and Delatended frontier or coast, as upon a threatened ware counties will be more difficult. From the attack the whole force could be precipitated up-Susquehanna westward, the route for about 120 greater moment to any other city than to this; and though every consideration in favor of such a route bears with at least as much force upon this community as upon any other; and hotwithstanding that the necessary expenditure may be even more certain to be safe and pro ductive as an investment, than in any other gate expenditure not exceeding three millions ||tions in favor of constructing the first track of similar work: still there may be a doubt, whe- of dollars, no one perhaps would for a moment the proposed railway, on a scale proper for the ther so large an expenditure per mile at the on- doubt of the safety or productiveness of the use of animal power only, will here be briefly set, as has taken place in some works of this investment. Such a railway, it is believed, can presented. nature, can be immediately productive on all be constructed from the Hudson to Lake Erie, route of such extent as that now proposed. at a less cost than the sum mentioned, and so It therefore seems necessary, before subscrip- as to secure the great natural and commercial tions to the stock of this company are solicited,|| advantages of the route. to consider in what manner the work may be undertaken, and the capital first subscribed be laid out, so as to insure the highest degree of safety and advantage to the stockholders. A railway on the plan now intimated, would open the desired communication between this city and the western interior; would furnish facilities for travel and transport, especially in the winter, incalculably superior to any which now exist; would be adequate to the wants of the public, at least for a period, and would be of great value in relation to the construction of additional tracks, whether for the use of horses or of steam, whenever it became expedient to lay them. The charter, it is to be observed, requires that a singe track of railway shall be complet d and used throughout the whole distane, before any portion of a second track shall be laid. In order to realize the peculiar advantages of a road for steam, the travel and transport ought to be not only very great, but to be nearly uniform in amount from week to week throughout Railroads are constructed either for the use the year; otherwise the preparations and power of steam or of animal power. The cost of a occasionally required would constitute an ex road for steam power must, unavoidably, be far cess for the rest of the time; and the expenses greater, even on a level route, than is required of attendance and preparation necessary in the for the use of animals; and on a route presentmost busy periods would be out of proportion, ing numerous though moderate inequalities of and occasion loss at other seasons. Whereas, surface, may be as three or four to one. This with horses and carriages, furnished by those difference arises from the necessity of far Proceeding, therefore, on the admitted and occupying the road, no such disadvantages greater strength and solidity in the one case obvious importance of opening such a com- would occur. than in the other, and of approximating more munication, and waiving, as unnecessary, any It is doubtless true, that on railways designed nearly to a level, by excavations and embank-attempt to estimate the probable amount of for the use of steam, heavier loads may be travel and transportation on this route, its ad-drawn, and greater speed attained, than on ments. Could a single railway of sufficient strength || vantages to the trade of this city, or the minor those for animal power. But it is to be consi and solidity be constructed on this route, in benefits to the citizens, of fuel, and other arti-dered that a railway for horses on the route in such a manner as to be used with advantagecles of consumption to be conveyed on it, espe- view would be as much superior, in both these and economy by animal power, for an aggre-cially in the winter season, some considera-respects, to any existing or probable means o communication, as steam is in any respect to|by the Welland canal, steamboats, sloops, and that they will not overlook what so immediateanimal power. schooners, of large capacity, may pass from ly concerns themselves. It is understood to be the opinion of some Montreal to the upper lakes. By these means, Those who have most attentively considered engineers, that such a use of horses by the in-the products of agriculture may be conveyed the proposed undertaking, regard it as promishabitants, on a railroad, as is here intimated, down the St. Lawrence at a very cheap rateing results to this city not surpassed in value would be attended by many difficulties; others, and great inducements will be presented to the by those of the Erie Canal; and in the event of however, do not deem such use liable to very entire regions bordering on and communicat-subscriptions to the stock amounting to one great objections, provided the turnouts are suf-ing with the lakes, for an exchange of their million of dollars, as required by the charter, ficiently frequent, and occur at the proper commodities for supplies of British and colo- so that the company may be organized and points. nial merchandise. This commerce, under fa- commence its operations, the utmost confidence In view of the preceding considerations, and vor of the colonial system of discriminating is entertained of a liberal subscription on the of the relations and advantages of the route, duties, will most advantageously meet the part of the state in aid of the counties on the the most entire confidence is entertained that wants of Great Britain and her dependencies, route, which greatly need and deserve, but the stock of a railroad of the description pro-and sustain the interests of her trade, manu- hitherto have not shared, the benefits of public posed would be both safe and productive. factures, and navigation. expenditure for internal improvements. It is believed that a railway of adequate The bearings of this gigantic scheme are as Books of subscription to the stock of the strength for animal power, constructed with yet but partially developed. They are doubt-company are by the charter, as recently amendtimber properly supported on stone where con- less better comprehended, and estimated at aed, to be opened at the Merchants' Exchange, venient or necessary, and on posts where the higher rate, at the seat of British power than in this city, on Tuesday, the 9th day of July nature of the ground, inequalities of surface elsewhere. It is, however, no longer to be next, under the direction of the commissioners. below the required level, or other circumstan-doubted, that a vast scheme exists in connecces, might render such supports expedient, and tion with these works in Canada, having relaconformed to the natural surface of the route tion to the whole compass of British interests without extravagant expense for grading, may and policy on both sides of the Atlantic, and to be completed for about $5000 to $5000 per the future destiny of the regions of Upper Camile on an average of the whole distance; and uada; that trade, navigation, and cheap sup. that a single track may be constructed over plies, are its first objects; that it contemplates the most difficult portion of the route, from the the growth of extensive marts of business western shore of the Hudson river to the great bend of the Susquehanna, for about one million of dollars. At a subsequent meeting of the Board ALEX. HAMILTON was chosen President, WILLIAM G. BUCKNOR Treasurer, and JOHN WORTHINGTON Secretary. RAILROAD STOCK.-We have been informed that offers have been refused for Railroad Stock at $105.-[Charleston Patriot.] The last link in the chain of the RAILROAD FROM ALBANY TO FORT GEORGE is about being completed by the construction of the Warren county Railroad, which extends from Glen's Falls to Lake George. At a meeting of the stockholders of this comnear our territories, between the waters of Na-Pany at Albany, on 15th inst. the following gentlemen were elected Directors for the ensuing gara and Lake Superior; that success will attend this scheme in proportion as the facilities year: Jesse Buel, Robert Gilchrist, William Caldwell, John Townsend, Peletiah Richards, A railway on this plan would, without mate- of travel and transportation from the lakes to rial detriment to its objects, admit of greater de- this city are inadequate; and that it now be-Dudley Farlin, Henry Ogden, C. V. S. Kane, viations from a level than would be compatible hoves this city and state to augment and cheap-el Jackson, Alexander Hamilton, Augustus John Worthington, William G. Bucknor, Danwith the use of steam. Railways for animal en those facilities, and to adopt plans which James. power afford the same comparative advantages may be extended as the growth of western over common roads on ascending as on level population and commerce may require. lines. The expense of additional horses kept For this city, especially, to continue, with refor the purpose, whenever such elevations oc- spect to our connections with the lakes, and curred as to require them, would be trifling the western states, to depend on the Erie canal, compared with that which must be incurred at would imply an incredible degree of insensibili. such points for the maintenance of stationary ty to what is passing elsewhere. That canal, steam power. though of immense value to this state and this By constructing such a road to the Susque-city, is inadequate to the object. It is closed hanna, a portion of the route would be opened by ice nearly one half of the year, so as to be which is most certain to be fully occupied, and of no avail either with respect to travel or bu- DISPATCH BY THE RAILROAD.-As an evidence always to require a road of that description; asiness, during that protracted period. It affords of the great importance of our Railroad in facivast object would be accomplished for this city; no facilities to the extensive business, now so litating the intercourse between the North and the interests of stockholders would be secured, essential both to the interests of the west and South, we would mention that several passenand in the further prosecution of the route of this city throughout the winter. Even the gers, who left New-York Saturday afterne on, rough the valleys of the Susquehanna and immense transactions which cannot be con- 15th inst. in the steamboat David Brown, startChemung rivers, the same or a different plan summated till very late in the fall, and those ed this morning, 19th, on the Railroad for Aumight be pursued as might then appear most which require to be despatched on the decline gusta, and will reach to breakfast to-morrow expedient. of winter and during the first weeks of spring, morning-[Charleston paper.] can be but slightly favored by it. That part of the lake to which the canal extends, is itself blocked up by ice for a considerable period, earlier in the autumn and later in the spring, of trade and intercourse. than are any of the more westerly harbors on Among these, the canals and railways con-its southern shore. necting Philadelphia with Pittsburg, Erie, and The construction of a railway through the the upper waters of the Susquehanna; the rail-southern counties is, however, of far greater tion. The engine is the third one now on the road, way from Baltimore to the Ohio river, now far importance to this city than to any other por-and is the lightest, and is manifestly an important advanced; the canal from Washington to Pitts-tion of the state. The interests of this city at improvement on the English engine heretofore used burg, also considerably advanced; and the ca- the present moment, and all its prospects of with very satisfactory results. The experiment in nal about to be commenced from Richmond to future growth, loudly demand the execution of the present case was entirely successful, and surthe Ohio: are the most conspicuous. this work. It is easier to preserve and strength- passed the expectations of those present. The en Some reference has been made to the avenues already opened or in progress, for connecting the western interior with the Atlantic coast, and forming new and adequate channels the directors of the company at Bordentown, on Mon. Camden and Amboy Railroad.-At the meeting of day the 17th instant, a new locomotive engine constructed by R L. Stevens, Esq. was exhibited, and a trial made of its speed and power, as well as ot the adaptedness of the road to this mode of transporta A glance at the accompanying map will indi-en our hold on the commerce of the western gine, with a train of cars, passed from Bordentown cate, with respect to this city, the bearings of regions, than to regain it when directed to to Hightstown (more than 13 miles) in 36 minutes, these several works. Their relations to the other points, and trammeled by all the rela- and 31 sec.; being at the rate of 25 miles per hour, and it was obviously not at full speed. It was obvious cities from which they respectfully proceed, is tions of business and acquaintanceship. to be judged of, not merely by their localities, We need but glance at the herculean under-also, that there was no diminution of speed at the curves, and among the greatest curves on the whole but by the noble enterprise and public spirit takings projected and commenced by other ci- road, are those on this section of it; and the greatest which they have excited, and the vast expense ties and communities, to arrest the needful at-curve on any part of the road has been passed at a encountered in their construction. They have tention to what this city owes to itself. rate exceeding 40 miles an hour. The highly im. been undertaken with enlarged and generous To the merchants of this city, the capital-portant device by which this is accomplished, is a views, and with an ardor of resolution and ists and owners of real estate, the object now recent invention by Mr. Stevens, as well as another, confidence as to the magnitude and value of proposed especially addresses itself. It ap. by which the capacity of the boiler to generate steam their results, a moderate share of which in this peals to their interests, to their enlarged views is greatly increased, probably doubled. These two community would insure the speedy accom- of the advantages and future growth of this properties are fully exhibited in this engine, the plishment of the work now proposed. commercial metropolis, and to their enterprise road, and a surplus quantity of steam during the whole notion being unimpeded by any curvatures on the But the tendency of these works to turn the and public spirit. Upon them the accomplish- experiment being thrown off. The partial use of anthratrade of the west from this city on one side, is ment of the work depends, and to them its cite during this trial, induces a confident hope that this not more obvious than that of the preparations principal benefits will accrue. They cannot fuel may be applied entirely on the locomotives on on our northern frontier, to divert the course of fail to appreciate those benefits, a very mode- the road. western commerce in an opposite direction. In rate estimate of which, in relation to the trade Six or seven engines in addition to the three now the confidence of achieving results of incalcu- of the city, is sufficient to insure the undertak-on the road will soon be in readiness, when horse lable importance, the British government is ing. While they are extending their aid to power will be dispensed with, and the trip between about to construct canals to pass the succes- similar works in other parts of the country con- New York and Philadelphia may be accomplished in sive rapids in the St. Lawrence, by which, and nected with other cities, it may be presumed 6 or 7 hours.—[U. S. Gazette.] |