NEW-YORK AMERICAN. JANUARY 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11–1832. LITERARY NOTICES. LETTERS ON NATURAL MAGIC, by Sir David Brews- ||content ourselves with calling attention to a few of ter, addressed to Sir Walter Scott-constituting the details. One of the first passages of interest that Vol. L. of Harpors' edition of the Family Library. catches our eye, is the story of the ill-fated Blanche, -We have before, in remarking upon this series of the wife of Juan of Aragon but as we cannot make RECOLLECTIONS OF MIRABEAU, by ETIENNE DUMONT, publications, taken occasion to note with gratifi-room for the whole of it, we quote a shorter one, of Geneva. 1 vol. 8vo. pp. 400. Philadelphia-cation the fact, that the highest intellects seem wil- which shows the retributivo justice that Heaven Carey & Lea.—The name of Dumont has heretofore ling here to combine to explain, to simplify, and kept in reserve for the unhappy Princess, and the only been known by its connection with that of render both intelligible and attractive to ordinary manner in which that sceptre, the prize of her dark Jeremy Bentham. In this volume we see him for readers, the results of the profoundest sciences.-murder, was wrested from the house of Foix. the first time in an original work; and it is one The Letters on Dæmonology and Witchcraft, by After the death of Charles and of Blanche, the which will cause every reader to regret that, owing Sir Walter Scott, which constitute volume XI. of condition of Navarre was deplorable. In 1460, the to the death of the author, it can have no sequel. A native of Geneva, where in early life he was a suc- Intellectual Powers, which forms volume XXXVII, the kingdom, but was speedily expelled by the archthe Family Library, and Abercrombie's Work on the the count de Foix, outraged that the government was not confided to him by his father in law, invaded cessful preacher, M. Dumont, by reason of political taken with the volume now before us, elucidate bishop of Saragossa, an illegitimate son of Juan.events, became a voluntary exile; and, after spend-most clearly and beautifully, problems which to the This was not the only mortification of the Count! ing some time in St. Petersburgh, took up his residence in England, where, by his connection with the Marquis of Lansdown as tutor to his son, he became intimate with many of the distinguisl.ed uninstructed mind, appear inexplicable, excopt the same year he lost his son Gaston de Foix, who was killed, whether accidentally or by design is through supernatural agency. The optical illusions doubtful, at Bourdeaux. By the princess Magde. which the investigations of modern times, aided by leine the young prince left a son named Phoebus, the art of printing, have unveiled to all eyes, were and a daughter named Catherine, who in the sequel men of the nation, and particularly so with Sir in other days the sources of power and dominion swayed the sceptre of Navarre. Anarchy and vio. Samuel Romilly. Through this gentleman, with lence now reigned triumphant: the two parties, the whom he made an excursion to Paris in 1788, he to rulers and priests. Rebellious spirits were subju- Beaumonts and the Agramontese, became more inbecame acquainted with Mirabeau, then in the gated by phantasmagoric representations, of which placable than ever; the chief of one, Don Pedro de the secret was known only to the initiated; and the Peralta, assassinated in open day the bishop of Pamdepth of disgrace, and shnaned for his vices by all toy, or something analogous to it, which now de. plona, though that prelate was the intimate friend that was virtuous in France, but yet of transcen. of the Countess Leonora, then at Tafalla. In short, lights only the nursery-the magic lantern-has owing to the character of the king, whose authority, dant talent and powers of pleasing. The next year made the stoutest hearts and mest obstinate wills of even had he been present, would have been disputed M. Neckar having become Minister, M. Dumont determined manhood to quail. In this very amus. by a considerable party, there was no government; thought the conjuncture a favorable one for making an effort for the restoration of the liberties of Gene-ing volume, where pleasure and instruction certain. fur though Leonora, from her evident proximity to ly go hand in hand, not only are the various kindsmands were seldom obeyed, while her intrigues were the throne, was courted by many nobles, her comva; and therefore, in company with the Ex-Attorof optical illusions explained, but the many ingeni- frequently thwarted. In 1471, through the earnest ney General of that Republic, M. Durouverai, pro- ous mechanical contrivances are described, whereby and repeated remonstrances of some barons, and ceeded to Paris. The acquaintance with Mirabeau was here renewed and confirmed into the most close men's judgment has been puzzled, and, against con- above all of his daughter, Juan went to Olite to ar viction, imposed upon, such as the automaton Chess then agreed that he should have the title of king dur range the affairs of this distracted kingdom. It was intimacy, although between men similar only in player, Maillardet's Conjuror, and Babbage's Calcuing life; that the three estates should do homage to certain intellectual qualifications, but differing enlating Machine. tirely in moral character and tastes. Detained in Paris by the hope, always receding, of doing some service to his native country, and thrown into conBOYS' AND GIRLS' LIBRARY OF USE UL AND ENTER stant and confidential association with, perhaps, the TAINING KNOWLEDGE. Vol. IV. J. & J. Harper.— most remarkable man of the French Revolution at This series is for children what the Family Library its dawn, M. Dumont was enabled to look with is for those of maturer years--and is well fitted to the eye of an intelligent and impartial stranger, prepare the youthful mind for the more general and whose opportunities of observation were the best, miscellaneous knowledge of the larger series. Inence of this truth. Intending to pass to Pamplona, and whose love of liberty was a part of his inheri-the present little volume, of which the stories are tance on the assembling of the States General, the illustrated by wood cuts, the chief incidents of the scene of anarchy that ensued, and especially on the dazzling and extraordinary career of Mirabeau -and it is the Recollections of this period, which are embodied in the attractive and instructive vo Roaders of all ages, almost, and classes, will be charmed with this book. the Countess and Count de Foix as heirs of the crown, and that they, as perpetual viceroys, should exercise the chief authority throughout the kingdom whenever the king was absent; and that there should bo a full pardon for all political offenders, a restitution of all property violently or arbitrarily obtained, and an oblivion of all injuries. This last provision might be very excellent in itself, but where there was no power to insure its observance it was sure to be inoperative. The Countess herself had soon experiwhich had long been held by the Beaumonts in opposi tion both to her and the Agramontese, she acquainted theCount de Lerin, chief of that faction, with her purquence of the treaty which had just been concluded, pose, and at the same time told him that, in conseshe should be accompanied by the Marshal Don Podro, chief of the Agramontese. The Beaumont replied that she should be welcome, but advised her ed, and as there were many of the Agramontese Navarre; which, from the conflicting traditions of faction in the city, the Marshal secretly bribed one the Franks, Austrians, and Arabs, is wrapt in much of them to open a gate on a certain night. At the obscurity. The author, however, after a fair exami- strong body of cavalry. As the man was not im. time appointed he arrived before it, escorted by a nation of the various chronicles of that ancient day,mediately at his post the horsemen grew impatient, fixes the period when Garcia I, the first King of and endeavored to break it open: the noise awaken. Old Testament are related in plain language, and lume now before us. It cannot be read by any one ner's Cabinet Cyclopedia: Carey & Lea, Philadel.-to leave Don Pedro behind. The Countese persistwithout interest; and no man accustomed to poli-This volume commences with the early History of tical stud:es will lay it down without the resolution of often recurring to it. We published some months ago from an English periodical, a sort of parallel instituted on occasion of the first appearance of this work and of Sparks' Life of Gouverneur Morris, be tween Mirabeau and our American Statesman, inNavarre, ascended the throne, somewhere about the led one of the Beaumonts, who had time to give the had happened, collected troops and put himself at which the character, events, and consequences of the revolution in France, and of that in this country, tered upon, we find a rapid, but interesting relation their armor and hastened to the gate, which in the year 886 7. The regular course of History once en min; the partisans leaped from their beds, put on alarm; the bell sounded from the Tower of St. Firwere judged in a degree by, and likened to, the cha- of the early wars of this principality; the invasion interim had been opened for the enemy. A bloody racters and motives of the distinguished men who of France under Sancho-surnamed Abarca; the combat ensued, which ended in the expulsion of the took part in each. As Americans, we were well irruption of the Arabs in his absenco, whom return-faction as could be found were hanged or cut down. Agramontese: the Marshal fell; and such of his content with the parallel; and indeed, for self.denial, disinterestedness, high motives, enduring exing he defeats; his subsequent conquest and retireertions, and never despairing hopes of his country in and his issuing thence again and checking the prement to the monastery of San Salvador de Leyre, time in his hereditary domain, upon hearing what The husband of the Countoss, who was at this her struggle for independence-there are few names among these enrolled in the catalogue of that be the exploits of Sancho II., and of Garcia III., and sumption of the infidels, are summarily described; roic race, more worthy of honor than that of Gou-the disputes between Castile and Aragon for the verneur Morris. The results of the French Revolu. tion did not differ more essentially from that of the and character of Sancho V., best known to those crown of Navarre, follow. Then succeeds the life American Revolution, than his character and con- familiar with English romance as the father of Beduct differed from that of Mirabeau. Yet these rengaria, the bride of Richard Cœur de Lion, who from which remance writers derive their happiest ma"Recollections," though they may take something was despatched from her father's court to meet and terials, they are all exceeded in interest by the melan. from Mirabeau's reputation as a profound original marry her affianced husband at the Isle of Cyprus, choly history of Inez de Castro-which is thus told : thinker or speaker, are, we think, calculated to in-where Richard remained long enough on his way to Soon after his marriage with Constanza, daughter spire somewhat more respect for his motives and the holy-land to have the ceremony performed. But of Don Juan Manuel, Pedro, the infante of Portuour limits do not allow us to give even a general her attendants, Dona I es de Castro, a lady of surgal, had become passionately smitten with one of The American publishers have reprinted the work view of this whole history, and we must therefore passing beauty, and frail-as beautiful. That he made in very good style. aims, as a public man, than is now generally felt. their head-but the curse that seemed to rest upon the members of his house overtook him too, and he expired suddenly in the Pyrenees, before his march was well begun. But though these pages abound in those incidents, love to her, and that his criminal suit was favorably commisseration of novelists and poets, and has given|| now in this place endeavored to show, that their po. received, is indubitable, both from the deep griet rise to some rigorous effusions of the tragic muse.litical tendency was much to be deprecated in an which preyed on the spirits o: Constanza, and from But her crimes have been carefully thrown into age, when the enlightening spirit of republicanism the anxiety of the king, lest this new favorite should be the cause of the same disturbance in Portugal as the shade; and the author of this work justly ob- teaches us to look with pity upon the generous but Leonora de Guzman had occasioned in Castile. Te serves, that "the woman who could consent to a servile devotion of a brave nobility to the bigoted prevent the possibility of a marriage between the criminal connexion with a married man-the object and tyrannic Stuarts, and to reject with scorn and two lovers, Alfonso caused Iñes to hold over the of an amiable wife's love;-who, by her guilt, indignation the audacious claim of a weak and probaptismal font a child of Pedro's,-in other words, to contract a near spiritual affinity. But the man broke the heart of that excellent princess; who, befligate race to heaven-granted power, over men whom the sacred bond of wedlock could not re- fore the remains of that princess were eold, renewed with thews and sinews like their own. strain, was not likely to be deterred from his pur- the criminal intercourse; and who, during so many pose by an imaginary bar. After Constanza's death, successive years, was the ready, nay eager creature which was doubtless hastened by sorrow, he pri vately married the seductive favorite. How soon of his lust, must, by unbiassed posterity, be re after the death of the first wife this second union garded with anything but respect." Her tragical was contracted, whether immediately, or after iñes end must indeed command our sympathy, and cover had borne him three children, has been matter of her assassins with abhorrence; but let not these much dispute. But the documents recording it have long since been produced; and from these it natural sentiments blind us to her crimes,—for, if appears that the marriage was celebrated on the 1st pity be a weakness when lavished upon the undeday of January, 1354, when Iñes must have borne serving, sympathy becomes sin when it leads us to tolerate guilt. * Messrs. Cary & Lea have published, in an octavo volume, of 571 pages, Prince Puckler Muskau's fa. mous Tour in England, France, and Ireland. We have already mentioned this work as one of the most acute, lively, entertaining and instructive of the kind. Every American may enjoy it as a complete retaliation upon England, for the disparagement which other countries, and ours particularly, have suffered from her travellers, whether Moores, Feasesses general interest, and conveys much informa. rons, or Trollopes. It is entitled to authority, postion. Goethe wrote an encomiastic review of the German original; the English translation is excel. lent. The American edition has the advantage of chronological order, and consisting of one well print. ed volume instead of the English four, is more conference of price.-[National Gazette.] venient than the English,-to say nothing of the dif Mr. P. T. Roger, a deaf and dumb person, late of the Royal Institute for the Deaf and Dumb at Paris, boarding house at 255 Dauphin street, for the accom has arrived at New Orleans, where he has opened a his description. POETRY. [FOR THE NEW-YORK AMERICAN.] It is thy early manhood's dooni- him four children, of which three survived. It also appears that a papal dispensation was obtained for it, and that it took place at Braganza, in pre. TRIBUTE TO THE MEMORY OF SIR WALTER SCOTT; sence of a Portuguese prelate and his own chamber. lain. However secret this step, it was suspected by the Rev. J. McVickar, D. D.—The eulogium of by some courtiers, who, partly through envy at the Dr. McVickar which was some weeks since pro rising favor of the Castros, and partly through nounced before a large and delighted auditory at dread of the consequences which might ensue, en-Clinton Hall, has since then been looked for with deavored to prevail on the king to interfere in be. half of young Fernando, the son of Pedro and much interest, and will now be read with eagerness. Constanza, and the lawful heir to the monarchy. The opportunities which the orator enjoyed of close With the view of ascertaining whether a marriage and intimate, though brief, intercourse with the il. had really been effected, the prince was urged to lustrious deceased, suggest so many affecting remi-modation and instruction of unfortunate persons of take a second wife from one of the royal families of Europe; and the manner in which he rejected the niscences of the individual, and striking illustrations proposal confirmed the suspicion. But mere sus. of his writings, drawn from his own habits or obserpicion was not enough. The prince was summoned vations, that the discourse independent of its literary to court, compelled to a private interview with his and critical merits, possesses a Boswellian charmfather, and urged, in the most pressing terms, to if we may use the term-that will recommend it to declare whether his connexion with doña Iñes was one of matrimony or gallantry. He solemnly and every one who would domesticate himself for an repeatedly replied, that she was not his wife, but hour with the lamented master of Abbotsford. As his mistress; yet, when the entreaty was renewed, the pamphlet will probably be in the hands of most that he would abandon so guilty an intercourse, he of our readers, it is hardly worth while to quote at firmly refused. The king now secretly consulted with his confidential advisers, as to the precautions length; but there are some little passages which like he ought to adopt in regard to young Fernando, the following, are too happy to pass over unnoticed. since, from the boundless influence possessed over Speaking of that peculiarly felicitous temperament the mind of Pedro by doňa Iñes, it was feared that with which Scott was gifted, Prof. McVickar rethe true heir would be set aside from the succession in favor of her offspring. Unfortunately, both for his marks, that Never did man show in his ordinary deportment own fame, and for the interests of the kingdom, Alfonso consulted with such only as were peronally hos- more of those gentle qualities which sweeten life tile to the lady: they did not scruple to assure him, and banish envy,-which cannot give, and therefore that unless she were forcibly removed, the state never take, offence. He seemed to me to have his after his death would become a prey to all the hor. dwelling within the circle of his own happy benevo rors of a disputed succession. We are told that his lent imaginings; and when he came forth, it was soul revolted at the deed; but that, in the end, they not like the Baron bold, with visor barred and spear wrung from him a reluctant consent to her death. in rest, seeking cause of offence with all whom he The time, however, which elapsed from the forma-chanced to meet,-but rather, like the minstrel of tion to the execution of this murderous purpose, his own sweet and simple picture, proves that pity was a sentiment strange to his breast. That purpose was not so secret as to escape two friends of Pedro,-his mother, the queen Beatrix, and the archbishop of Braga. Both, in the design of averting the catastrophe, warned him a poet, growing dim before the rising splendor of of the plot; but he disregarded the intimation- Byron's genius, the orator thus alludes to "the doubtless, because he could not believe that the royal Northern Magician's" changing the form of his ta mind of his father could be contaminated by the lisman, and casting his spell where no counter-charm|| guilt of murder, and because he considered the warn- could defeat its power: ing as a feint to procure his separation from Iñes. To yield power without a sigh, may be the part After the lapse of some months, the king hearing that his son had departed on a hunting excursion for of wisdomn; but to yield it without a struggle, be. a few days, hastily left Monte Môr, and proceeded longs only to a feeble mind. Such was not Scott's: to the convent of St. Clair, at Coimbra, where she and the failure of his poetry in the presence of By. then was. On learning his approach, she at once ron's (a fact which his family in conversation were more apt to overstate than to deny), threw him upon apprehended his object. Her only resource was an appeal to his pity. Taking her three children by a new effort to recover the ground he had lost, and the hand, she issued from the convent to meet him, led to one of the most remarkable and successful instances of anonymous authorship which the liteprostrated herself at his feet, and in the most pathetic terms begged for mercy. Her beauty, her rary world had ever witnessed;-to borrow the youth, her deep emotion, and the sight of her off happy allusion of Cunninghams, "it was like his spring, his own grand-children,-so affected him, own black knight in Ivanhoe, who not only chose that after a struggle between policy and nature, the to fight with his beaver down, but refused to raise it latter triumphed, and he retired. No sooner, how. and show himself, when he had overcome all oppoever, was he in private with his confidants, than nents;" and to this analogy we may add, that the they censured his compassion, though natural in it. cause of refusal was in both the same,—namely, solf, as ruinous in its consequences to his family because it was their own banished sovereign, come and kingdom. By their artful representations, they to vindicate, with resistless arm, his lost dominion not only confirmed him in his original purpose, but We had marked for quotation, but must defer for obtained his consent that they should be intrusted the present, a passage containing a just and animal. with its immediate execution. Accordingly they hastened to the convent, and the unfortunate, guilty ed defence of the solid value of Scott's writings. Ines, fell beneath their daggers. We concur entirely with the orator in his high esti The fate of this lady has called for the deepest "mation of their moral effect, though we have before -on prancing palfry borne, Again, in speaking of the light of Scott's fame, as Suits for his silent place of rest ; Be not their idle pomp thine own- G. B. "The Dead of 1832," a Poem, by Mr. S. The beautiful grounds around Hoboken, near which Mr. S. resided, and where he was buried, are called "The Elysian Fields.” A SONG Oh Lilla is a lovely lass Her ruddy lips, like scarlet heps, Her soft sweet tones, who hears them owns Her hand and arms have each their charms; The very ground loves their light sound, Her winsome waist--her shoulders, graced Her voice, how sweet!-her dancing feet, I, who am devoutest then, FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. MARRIAGES. will be sufficient to attain the desired object. If, on On Monday evening 7th instant, at St. George's Church, by the Rev. Dr. Milnor, Henry B. Starr, to Miss Ellaa Hardman, both of this city. In Castine, on the 18th Dec.. Lieut. Charles Thomas, of the Mason. DEATHS. This morning at 5 o'clock, after a lingering illness, Caroline Elizabeth, wife of John T. B. Ketcham, in the 24th year of her age. elinton Leggett, Esq. January the 8th, after a long and severe illness, Miss Maria On Saturday last, at New Haven, the Hon. JAMES HILLHOUSE, aged 78. Mr. H. had been during the morning attend. LATE FROM EUROPE.-Actual Commencement of Hostilities, &c.—The South America, packet ship, from Liverpool, brings, us papers from that city to the 5th, and from London to the 4th, both inclu-are measures which the most ordinary caution would sive-their contents are important. counsel to every people in such a case; and we have The Dutch Commander of the Citadel of Antwerp||opposed to them on our part measures of the same was summoned on the 30th to yield up that fortress. kind, which establish in our means of observation He unequivocally refused. The French proceeded the most perfect and satisfactory balance. They that night to open trenches before it, and, favored ought to be regarded, therefore, rather as the gua. by thick and stormy weather, were enabled to put rantees of peace than the eventual menaces of war." ing of the Prudential Committee of Yale College, apparently in themselves under cover in their first parallel from The Marshal, in speaking of the operations of the his usual health. About noon he returned to his house, and sat down reading letters received that morning. Without speaking the fire of the fort—which, however, had been fee- ||siege of Antwerp, held out strong hopes of a speedy to any one he rose from his chair and entered his bed room. As ble and reluctant, and without much, if any execu-result. "These operations are to be pushed forward the family followed him in a moment or two, and found him ly it was not his practice to lie down during the day, a member of with the greatest activity, and in a few days we shalling in the bed already dead. From the appearance of the body it is probable that he died instantly on reaching the bed. The In the civil history of Belgium, the most import be able to mark their termination in a precise man-physician, who was immediately summoned, pronounced it apoplexy. ant piece of news is the resignation of Leopold's|nor. Ministers, in consequence of their defeat on the motion for the address to the Crown. The Debate, which had been urged with great heat, terminated tion. Success will not be long waited for." In the Chamber of Peers the address was adopted on Wednesday with only a minority of 8! In the discussion on the address in the Deputies, on Monday; when an amendment was carried on a direct contradiction being given by Adml. Rigny, an amendment, which conveyed a direct censure on minister of Marine, to a statement of Odillon Barrot, the Ministers. Even the amendment that was cara duel was expected, but by the interposition of ried implies a censure for their having complied friends was prevented. with the demand of the Conference to deliver up M. Hyde de Neuville, in imitation of M. de ChaVenloo, Limburg, and part of Luxembourg to Hol.teaubriand, has addressed a letter to the Duchess land, on condition that Holland delivered up the of Berry, offering her his services as one of her defenders on her anticipated trial. Citadel of Antwerp. It was moved by a friendly deputy, instead of the original paragraph, in which fore that of his more fortunate brother. Though In Portugal, the star of Don Pedro is paling be. they were praised for what they had done. The amendment was carried, in a house of 86, by a main blockading the entrance of the Douro, by erecting worsted at sea, Miguel had novertheless succeeded ority of 2; 44 voting for it, and 42 against it-three a battery on the south bank, which commanded the of the majority were the Ministers themselves. The proffered resignation of the Ministers had not been passage, and thus Oporto was closely invested by sea and land. Due notice thereof had been given to accepted by the King; and it is supposed that,| the British naval commander, with a positive intimasooner than consent to it, he will dissolve the Cham-tion that neither merchant vessels nor ships of war bers. On the part of Holland, there is no abatement of spirit. The King has called out a levée en masse of his people, and issued a preclamation in which he says that the measures of aggression against the Dutch navigation, and the entrance of the French army into the Netherlands "to support by violence the iniqui tous demanda" to deliver up the fortresses, leave him no alternative but At Greensburgh, Westchester County, on the 4th instant, Mr. Joseph Paulding, aged 59 years. Editor, of some respectable newspaper, or literary periodiI wish to obtain employment as Editor, or Assistant cal. My labors as editor of the "Albany Morning Chronicle," and of the "Troy Sentinel," have rendered it unnecessary for me to give any other references, as to my qualifications. Until the 8th instant, communications addressed to me at Troy, and after that date, at New-Hartford, Oneida county, N. Y., will be duly attended to. SAMUEL B. BEACH. GRACIE, PRIME & CO., 22 Broad street, have on hand the following Goods, which they offer for sale on the most favorable terms, viz. 200 qr casks Marseilles Madeira, entitled to debenture 2 cans Oil of Orange; 20 kegs Tartaric Acid DRY GOODS, BY THE PACKAGE- do. Do. printed border Handkerchiefs [ture English brown Shirtings, 33 inch, entitled to deben- would be permitted to enter; and subsequently upon a British cutter attempting to go in, the fort opened a fire and kept it up till she put about. The Marquis Palmella had suddenly gone to England, hoping perhaps yet to induce that country to aid Donna Ma. ria-or perhaps to interpose at least to make terms for the unhappy force cooped up in Oporto,-where the greatest discontent prevailed, especially among the foreign mercenaries-must we not call them so? To defend the safety, the right, and the independence of Holland, by all the means which ProviIn Spain, Count Ofalia, long the Ambassador in dence has placed in our hands, and which are second. Paris, had been appointed prime minister in the place ed by the patriotsm, union and firmness of a people we believe of Ze1 Bermudez, who declined. IMPERIAL, ROYAL, MEDIUM, COPPER-PLATE and WRAPwhich has been for ages respected by the most pow-marde, the disgraced minister of the Apostolical PING PAPER, from the Saugerties Paper Manufacturing erful States. Far, however, from relying on our own strength, we are humbly sensible of our depen. party, who had been banished to Minorca, escaping Company. The present stock of the above description, now offered for sale by the agents, is equal, if not superior, dence on the Supreme Sovereign of the world, whose thence had arrived in a destitute state in France. to any other in the United States. The whole has been mighty arm has so often delivered us and our ances- In England, the Parliament was at length dissolv.manufactured from the best LINEN STOCK, imported on tors from the greatest perils ; the most favorable terms expressly for the above Company, ed, and write issued for the first election under the and the superiority of the IMPERIAL, MEDIUM, and Reform law. The writs not being returnable till ROYAL, in furnishing full contracts, have given universal 29th January, there will be no session till February. Meantime, the country will be agitated from one extreme to the other, with warmly contested elec. tions. and accordingly, he orders the 2d December next to be held as a day of solemn fasting and humiliation. In France, the ministry carried everything before them in the Chamber of Deputies. M. Dupin was elected President, and in both houses the addresses in answer to the King's speech, which were but echoes of its sentiments, were carried almost with out modification,--an amendment offered by M. Merilhou, to disapprove the placing Paris in a state of siege after the days in June, being rejected by a great majority. Calo. The King in Council had issued two new orders respecting the detention of Dutch vessels, and the blockade of Dutch ports. By the first, all Dutch vessels that had been, or might be, detained, having on board perishable cargoes, were to be released, and allowed to proceed. By the second, the interdict of British vessels to trade [with Dutch ports, was limited to the ports of Holland alone, and not to extend to the colonies. ANTWERP, Sunday, 7 P. M.--8,000 Frenchmen of the army of reserve have entered Mons; they will reach Brussels on Monday. Contracts have been signed for the provisioning of the army of reserve. There are nearly 100,000 Frenchmen now in Bel Marshal Soult, as President of the Council, talks confidently of preserving peace. "Nothing," he said, "was changed in the foreign relations of France. It remained to consolidate the general peace by the execution of treaties; and to make the harmony of the great powers evident to all interests. It was therefore necessary to dissipate the last pre. text for the embarrassments which existed in Europe, gium.—[IIerald.] and thus to prove the fidelity of all Cabinets to en- A letter from Malta, of the 12th of Nov.-" We gagements which they had taken in common." The have in port the U. S. ships of war the Brandywine and John Adams, which vessels may perhaps winter following allusion to the movements of the Prussian here. Their Consul, Mr. M'Cauley, at Tripoli, has forces on the Rhine is deemed explicit and satisfac-struck his flag, in consequence of one of the Bey's tory:-"The co-operation of England and France||sentinels having shot his dragoman." The subscribers having executed large orders for the Canal Commissioners of Pennsylvania, as well as for several Incorporated Companies, have made such arrangements in Eng and, where one of the Partners now is, as will enable them different kinds of Rails, Chairs, Pins, Wedges, Spikes, and to import it on the lowest terms. Models and samples of all the Splicing Plates, in use, both in this country and Great Britain, will be exhibited. Apply to A. & G. RALSTON. each, with 12 countersunk holes, and the ends cut at an angle Incorporated Companies, and the drawback taken in part pay TOWNSEND & DURFEE, Rope Manufacturers, having machinery for making ropes to any required length (without splice), offer to supply full length Ropes for the inclined planes on Rail-roads at the shortest notice, and deliver of the Rope, the public are referred to J. B Jervis, Eng. M. them in the City of New-York, if requested. As to the quality H. R. R. Co., Albany; or James Archibald, Engineer Hudsor & Delaware Canal & R. I. Co., Carbondale, Luzerne County Palmyra, Wayne County, New-York, Pennsylvania. AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL, AND ADVOCATE OF INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. PUBLISHED WEEKLY, AT No. 35 WALL STREET, NEW-YORK, AT THREE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. D. K. MINOR, EDITOR.] CONTENTS: Editorial Notices, &c.; Boston and Lowell Railroad; SATURDAY, JANUARY 19, 1833. spark from the engine, by which a great pro-| [VOLUME II.-No. 3. [From the Boston Daily Advertiser.] BOSTON AND LOWELL RAILROAD.-From the On estimating the Performances of Locomotives..page 33 Portion of the baggage was destroyed,-and a-2d annnal report it appears that, during the past Description of the Steam Fire Engine "Comet," (with an New Gun; On the Economy of Peat as Fuel, and the 35 36 .37 38 .39 mongst the rest, a carpet bag, belonging to one year, the location has been determined and the of the passengers, containing United States road laid out through the whole line; and the daBank notes to a large amount, designed for the mages have been settled for lands and fences for Fayetteville, N. C. Branch, was considerably about half the line in length. The grading of burned. One package of $60,000, in hundred ment along the whole line, with the exception the road, namely, the excavation and embankdollar notes, was lost, and another package much of three deep cuttings in Charlestown and Medburned. The guardian of such a bag should ford, is under contract and nearly completed, of never lose sight of it when travelling. a sufficient width for two tracks. The bridges in the country (one over Patucket canal except.43 The following extract of a letter from an in-ed) are under contract, and in a state of fortelligent and highly respectable gentleman living in the interior of the State of New-York, comes directly to a subject of much interest to a large AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL, &c. portion of our readers and the community at Salt; Butter; To catch Moles; Heating Green-houses 40 40-1 .45 Common Schools; Poetry; Sales of Real Estate, &c. .46-7 NEW-YORK, JANUARY 19, 1833. 48 wardness; and the materials for those over Charles river and Patucket canal are on hand and contracted for. The rails are laid for a single track, about 3800 feet, from Miller's creek to Winter hill, and a sufficient quantity of the large: we therefore take the liberty of publish- rails is imported to lay a single track of 114 ing, and we would respectfully request of gentle- miles. To facilitate the crossing of Charles It will be perceived on reference to our Legis- men who have charge of the transporting de- river, and to provide sufficient land for a depot, lative proceedings, that, in Assembly, the Har-partment of Railroads and Canals, the favor of as well as to receive the large quantity of earth laem Railroad Charter has been so amended as such a statement of the rates or charges, both the Corporation have purchased of the propriwhich must be removed in graduating the road, to allow them to lay their Rails through such for passengers and freight, as will enable us to etors of the Canal Bridge all their flats lying streets as the Common Council may permit.-furnish the necessary information. north of their bridge and between the channels We hope, and believe there is little doubt but. DEAR SIR,-I take the liberty, which I pre-of Charles river and Mill creek, except a piece that the bill will become a law-as it is now re-sume will be kindly indulged in a subs.: riber to for a toll house. A tract has also been puryour valuable Journal, (whatever may be the chased in Charlestown, containing a ledge of duced to a certainty, that there is less danger to course adopted,) to suggest two improvements rocks, which has proved of much value in the be apprehended from coaches on a railroad than in the paper, viz: construction of the road, and various other those drawn in any other way. We anticipate 1st, To the large fund of useful information tracts have been purchased, which were necesthe laying of the rails during the ensuing sea- respecting the construction and cost of rail-sary either for the proper construction of the son, at least as far down as the Merchants' Ex-ways and engines, &c. and the occasional road, or to avoid claims for damages. Two loviews of aggregate and daily income, &c. in-comotive engines have been imported, and machange, in Wall-street. formation directly essential to the actual or in-terials have been provided and contracts made We perceive by the London Mechanics' Mag collect and add a species of information no less cuttings. Seven assessments upon the stock tended Stockholder or Engineer, that you will for 100 cars, to remove the earth from the deep azine for October, that Mr. Sherman Converse, interesting to that portion of your readers who have been made, amounting to $300 per share, of New-York, has secured a patent in England neither have nor expect any immediate con- the amount received from which is $310,050.— for improvements, made by a gentleman of cern in the stock of railways, &c.: a detail of A balance of interest of $364 08, has been also this city, in manufacturing metalic rails for the charges for passage and transportation, received, with rents amounting to $77 77; and with the distances, &c. on the most prominent on loans and an acceptance of iron, $16,371 03; railroads; the same we believe to which we railroad and canal routes in the Union.-The making the whole amount of receipts $326,referred in the first number of this volume, un- utility of this information to merchants, per- 863 78. Since the commencement of their der the title of New-York Guard Rail. A patent sons travelling, and the curious inquirer into undertaking, to the 20th ult. the whole amount has been secured, we understand, in France the relative benefits of railways and canals, will expended has been $325,779 55. and Italy, as well as in England and the Uni-be seen at a glance. [For the American Railroad Journal.] 2d, That in selecting from the pages of the ted States, and we hope a rich reward will be London Mechanics' Magazine, you will favor us 90b NOTE. Thro' inadvertence, the formula v = — - in the realised by the gentleman who has by this inven- as far as possible with all those improvements T+f tion, we doubt not, effected a saving of hundreds in mechanics, &c. that are applicable to the following communication, is placed with the succeeding or and hundreds of thousands of dollars to rail-uses, and which come within the means, of the final formul, instead of being inserted after the paragraph citizen of moderate fortune. Your subscriber beginning with "Substituting this value," &c.-Printer. road companies, and thereby brought the adhere humbly conceives, that where a portion The Treatise on Railroads written by Nichovantages of railways nearer to every man's of valuable matter must be excluded, a large las Wood, contains a table exhibiting the perdoor. majority of your readers would prefer to be in-formance of certain locomotive engines, movformed respecting improvements of the above A few days since, as the train was passing description to those adapted only to the heavy ing with different loads, and upon planes of on the Newcastle and Frenchtown Railroad, the capitals of large Companies. But of this your different inclinations. This subject is an inteBaggage Car took fire, as is supposed from a subscription list will furnish the best hint. resting one to the practical engineer; and to the speculative mathematician it presents a pro- Taking an arc A, whose sine is blem for investigation. h sin z 2k it fol-engine may be required to exert upon its own carriage and upon the load; f = a force of traction in lbs. which is equivalent to the inertia and friction of the machinery of the engine; c = surface area of pistons in sq. feet; p = pressure per sq. inch upon the pistons; b = gallons of water which the boiler is capable of evaporating into steam per hour; v = rate of travelling in miles per hour. The principal difficulty in estimating the per- lows from the principles of mechanics, that formance of these Engines, is the uncertainty P P × Cos. A; and also, that P" = P' x which seems to exist with respect to the amount sin (2A). Hence, of the loss of leverage under which the pressure of the steam in the cylinders must act, in communicating motion to the travelling or adhesion wheels. For with respect to steam engineers in general, a great source of loss in power arises from the oblique action of the connecting rods in communicating a rotary motion to the crank. expand { } } P" P x Cos. A × sin (z A). h 2k first power; multiply by dz, and integrate. The From known principles the following formula 2= 15 br 4 uchp 6 r The whole pressure upon the pistons is deuh = noted by 144 pc; and therefore 144 pc × effective pressure, without inertia or friction; -ƒ=T; and eliminating p, uh or, 144 p c × 6r the result is, Some of the English engines, according to the above named treatise, are capable of exerting a motive force qual to 30 per cent. of the THEOREM-A rotary motion being commuwhole pressure of the steam upon the pistons. nicated to a crank, from the oscillations of the But it will appear from the following remarks, piston rods of a steam engine, by means of that an estimate of 30 per cent. much exceeds connecting rods much longer than the length of the truth. Indeed, as the effective pressure the crank: I say, the effective force upon the will vary with the length of stroke, and the di-crank, during each complete revolution, abameter of the adhesion wheels and other things,stracting from inertia and friction, is equivait is impossible from any principles which would lent to a constant and uniform pressure of very Substituting this value for p, in the expression seem to have been contemplated by Mr. Wood, nearly two-thirds of the whole force of the for the value of v given above, the following to make any just estimate of the effective pres-steam upon the piston rods, acting at the ex-general formula is the result, viz. sure of the steam in engines differently con- tremity of the crank, in the direction of its Taking the case of the engine "Atlantic,” as structed in those respects. The loss of effect, motion. given in a report of the chief engineer of the as far as the crank alone is connected, is susHaving now found the effective pressure upon Baltimore and Ohio Railway, the following valceptible of being determined by a strict mathe- the crank, it is easy to determine what part of ues obtain, viz: b 300 gal. f = 450 lbs. and matical investigation. For the object of inqui- the whole force of the steam upon the pistons the adhesion of the wheels = 1120 lbs. In this ry will evidently be to ascertain what must be is communicated to the periphery of the adhe-case therefore, v = 1898 = 173 miles per hour, the value of a constant and uniform force, which, sion wheels of the engine. being the velocity with which this engine will acting at the extremity of the crank, in the diLet r be the radius of those wheels, and take travel when exerting a force of traction equal to rection of its motion, will communicate the E to represent the force communicated to the the adhesion of its wheels; the same result as same momentum, in the time of one complete peripheries thereof. The principle of virtual ve- given in said report very nearly. revolution, as is communicated by the variable locities, gives E: P" velocity of the ex- A general expression has thus been investigatpressure of the connecting rod, in the same time. tremity of the crank velocity of the peri-ed, for determining the velocity with which a glvThe differential and integral calculus renders phery of the adhesion wheels. But in uniform en locomotive will be capable of travelling, when this an inquiry of easy solution. I take the motion, the velocity is as the space directly and it has to effect any given force of traction. But following notation: P= given force or pressure time inversely; and supposing the gearing of upon curves the traction will vary with the veof the steam upon the piston; P'. pressure the engine to be such, that each ascent or de-locity, in which case a different formula will be communicated from the piston to the connectrequired. Let w denote the weight in lbs. of an ing rod; P": pressure communicated from the scent of the piston, produces - part of a revoengine, capable of moving a load with the carconnecting rod to the extremity of the crank, lution of the adhesion wheels, the time of one riages whose weight in lbs. is W, with a veloin the direction which produces a motion of rocity v in miles per hour, upon a curve whose = X time of tation; P"" = effective pressure of the steam revolution of the crank, will be radius in feet is R, and upon a grade whose upon the crank, or an uniform pressure, required one revolution of the adhesion wheels. It thus ascent or descent in a distance unity is n, aud to act upon the extremity of the crank, in the! h. 2r uh in carriages whose moving friction is m. : -; or, E = P"" X direction of its motion, in order to generate the follows that E : P'"' : : 2 น 4r The following is then the general formula: same momentum in a given time, as is genera- and substituting for P" its value P, the fol90 b ted in the same time by the variable pressure P"; lowing practical formula is at once obtained, T+ƒ k = length of the connecting rod; h = length||viz. : f of the stroke of the piston. There are evidently two points in each revoIn the "Planet" engine, described by Mr. lution of the crank, which gives P"=0; and Wood, the following values obtain, viz. r = 2.5 two other points nearly in the middle between the . h 1.33 ft. and u=2; and therefore in this engine moves under circumstances of various former, which gives P" a maximum. Take therefore a circular are z, to radius unity, containing the angle between the position of the crank at any time, and the remote point where P" o. The quantity of motion, communicated to the crank by the pressure P" in an instant of time, case EPX showing that engine to be capable of yielding an effective pressure of only loads, grades, and curvatures. The investigation I omit for want of room in this Journal, and will only observe, that it is easily obtained from the preceding. Should the calculations given above be found, upon further examination, to be defective in is, agreeably to the principles of dynamics, re-of upward of 30 per cent.! Indeed, the effec. principle, still it is hoped that they may be the presented by P"xdz; and therefore the whole When therefore those two quantities of mo. ive pressure of the English engines appear Let T force of traction in lbs. which an means of suggesting to the scientific engineer Lexington and Ohio Railroad |