STANFORD LIBRARY

Morehead

MOREHEAD, CHARLES (1807-1882), member of the Bombay medical service, second son of Robert Morehead, rector of Easington in the North Riding of Yorkshire, and brother of William Ambrose Morehead [q. v.], was born at Edinburgh in 1807, and proceeded M.D. there. At Edinburgh his zeal for clinical medicine attracted the attention of Professor William Pulteney Alison [q. v.], and he continued his medical studies in Paris under Pierre Louis. In 1829 he entered the Bombay medical service, and was afterwards on the personal staff of the governor, Sir Robert Grant [q. v.] Morehead was the founder of native medical education in Western India. After Grant's death in 1838 he was appointed to the European and native general hospitals of Bombay, and it was owing to his efforts that the Grant Medical College at Bombay was erected as a memorial of Grant in 1845. Morehead was the first principal of the Grant College, and the first professor of medicine. He was also the first physician of the Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy Hospital, in which the students of the college receive their clinical instruction. He originated the Bombay Medical and Physical Society for the advancement of medical science and its collateral branches, and also the Grant College Medical Society, designed as a bond of union among former students of the college. He was the author of an elaborate work entitled Researches on the Diseases of India,' 1856, 2 vols. 8vo, which passed through two editions, and is a standard authority. He was elected a fellow of the College of Physicians. Morehead retired from the Bombay medical service in 1862. In 1881 he was created a companion of the order of the Indian Empire. He died at Wilton Castle, Yorkshire, the seat of his brother-in-law, Sir Charles Lowther, on 24 Aug. 1882. In 1844

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he married Harriet Anne, daughter of George Barnes, first archdeacon of Bombay.

[This article is mainly based upon a notice of Dr. Morehead, published in 1882, Edinburgh. See also Times, 28 Aug. 1882, and Lancet, 1882, ii. 468.] A. J. A.

MOREHEAD, WILLIAM (16371692), divine, born in 1637 in Lombard Street, London, was a nephew of General Monck [q. v.] He entered Winchester School at the age of eleven, and proceeded to New College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. on 3 May 1660, and M.A. on 14 Jan. 1663. He was elected a fellow in 1658, and resigned in 1672. He was presented to the college living of Bucknell, Oxfordshire, by the warden and fellows of New College (14 July 1670), and also held the living of Whitfield in Northamptonshire, to which he was presented by Sir Thomas Spencer of Yarnton, Oxfordshire, lord of the manor. He chiefly resided there, employing a curate at Bucknell-procedure which led to dissatisfaction among the parishioners, and a petition to the bishop in 1680 or 1681 for a resident minister.

Morehead died at Bucknell 18 Feb. 1691-2, and was buried there. He wrote 'Lachrymæ sive valedictio Scotiæ sub discessum clariss. prudentiss. et pientiss. gubernatoris D. Georgii Monachi in Anglia [sic] revocati,' London, 1660, in English and Latin, on opposite pages. He is also said to be the author of an English translation of Giordano Bruno's 'Spaccio della Bestia Trionfante;' fifty copies were printed by John Toland, 1713, 8vo (Brit. Mus.)

[Dunkin's Oxfordshire, i. 188-9; Kirby's Winchester Scholars, p. 184; Wood's Athenæ Oxon. iv. 353; Rawlinson MSS. D. 384, fol. 10; papers belonging to the archdeaconry of Oxford in the Bodleian Library, per the Rev. W. D. Macray.] C. F. S.

B

MOREHEAD, WILLIAM AMBROSE (1805-1863), Indian officiat, born in 1805, was the eldest son of Robert Morehead, D.D., and brother of Dr. Charles Morehead [q. v.] He entered the Madras civil service in 1825, in 1828 became assistant to the principal collector of North Arcot, and was appointed later in the year registrar of the Zillah court at Chingleput. In 1832, while sub-collector and joint-magistrate at Cuddapah, Morehead gave evidence of administrative capacity and firmness on the occasion of a fanatical outbreak, in which the head assistant-collector, Mr. Macdonald, was murdered. It devolved upon Morehead to restore order and bring to justice the perpetrators of the crime. Subsequently, as civil and sessions judge at Chingleput, he manifested considerable efficiency in judicial work. Consequently in 1846 he was chosen to fill a vacancy on the bench of the court of Sadr Adálut, the highest of the courts of the East India Company, which eventually, in 1862, was amalgamated with the supreme court under the designation of the High Court of Judicature. Morehead speedily justified his selection. In 1850, at the request of the colonial office, two Indian judicial officers, of whom Morehead was one, were sent to investigate certain occurrences which had taken place in Ceylon during the government of Lord Torrington. Morehead conducted this delicate duty with singular tact and independence of judgment.

In 1857, the year of the Indian mutiny, Morehead was appointed a member of the council of the governor of Madras, and held that office until his retirement from the public service in October 1862. On two occasions he acted as governor of the presidency, first on the recall of Sir Charles Trevelyan, and subsequently during the interregnum which took place between the death of Sir Henry Ward and the arrival of Sir William Denison. Morehead's views on the scheme of taxation proposed by Sir James Wilson, and adopted by the government of Lord Canning, for the purpose of establishing a financial equilibrium, were mainly in accord with those held by the governor, Sir Charles Trevelyan. He objected to an income-tax as being specially unsuited to India, and advocated in its stead the retention of an old native tax called the muhtarafa, and an increase in the salt-tax, combined with the establishment of government salt depôts wherever facilities existed for the carriage of salt in large quantities. He also advocated an extension of the stamp duties by requiring bills of exchange, cheques, and receipts above a certain amount to be taxed. But while greeing with the governor as to the impolicy

of the new legislation, Morehead strongly disapproved of the step taken by Sir C. Trevelyan in publishing in the newspapers the minutes which had been recorded on the subject by the members of the local government, and he stated that had Sir Charles Trevelyan informed his colleagues of his intention to take this step, he should have withdrawn his minute and refused to accede to its being used in a manner different to that which Ï intended when I wrote it.' During the following months, when in charge of the government, he rendered to the government of India a thoroughly loyal support, and received the thanks of Lord Canning and his colleagues in the supreme government. On Lord Canning's recommendation he was offered by the secretary of state a seat in the governor-general's council, upon Sir Bartle Frere's appointment as governor of Bombay; but this advancement, owing to the impaired state of his health, he declined. It is understood that Lord Canning also recommended that some other special mark of the queen's favour should be conferred upon him for his loyal support of the government of India at a difficult crisis. Morehead held for two years the office of vice-chancellor of the university of Madras, of which he was one of the original fellows.

Morehead finally left India in October 1862, and died in Edinburgh on 1 Dec. 1863. His character was singularly attractive. His keen perception of humour, and the strong sound sense which characterised all he said and did, rendered him a most delightful and instructive companion. He was much beloved by the natives, to whom he was always accessible. His picture hangs in the Madras Banqueting Hall. In the Dean cemetery in Edinburgh, where he was buried, his memory is preserved by a runic cross of polished Peterhead granite, erected by a number of his friends.

[Personal knowledge; Scotsman, 9 Jan. 1866; Parliamentary Return, 24 July 1860, containing correspondence on proposed financial measures in India.]

A. J. A.

MORELL, SIR CHARLES (A. 1790), ambassador. [See RIDLEY, JAMES.]

MORELL, JOHN DANIEL (18161891), philosopher and inspector of schools, born at Little Baddow, Essex, on 18 June 1816, was the ninth child of Stephen Morell by Jemima Robinson, his wife. The family was of French origin, and settled in England on the revocation of the edict of Nantes. The father was a congregationalist minister at Little Baddow from 1799 to 1852. The ministerial calling was widely followed in