(2d Bart.) Sir Thomas fucceeded his father, and was the fecond Baronet: he married Mary, daughter and coheir to John Chamberlain, of Shereburn-castle, in the co. of Oxford, Efq; by whom he had 4 fons and 3 daughters, viz Sir Thomas, the third Baronet; Sir John, the 4th Baronet. Henry died without iffue. Jofeph, father to the firft Viscount Gage. The daughters were, Frances, married to Sir Charles Yates, Bart. Mary, to Anthony Kemp, Efq; and Catha rine, to Walter the third Lord Afton of Forfar. (3d Bart.) Sir Thomas, the 3d Baronet, died at Rome, whilst on his travels, 22d Nov. 1660, and was buried in the chapel of the English College there, and was fucceeded by his brother, (4th Bart.) Sir John, married first Mary, daughter to Thomas Middlemore, Efq; by whom he had two daughters; Mary, married to Sir John Shelley, Bart. and Bridget, to Thomas Lord Vilcount Fauconberg. He married, fecondly, Mary, daughter to Sir William Stanley, of Hooton, in Cheshire, Bart. by whom he had Mary, married to Henry Lord Teynham, and three fons, fucceffive Baronets. (5th Bart.) Sir John, the eldeft, was the 5th Baronet, and died without iffue; whereupon his brother (6th Bart) Sir Thomas fuceeeded, and was the 6th Baronet: he died in France, on his travels, in October 1713, in the 20th year of his age; whereupon the title and large eftate devolved to his brother (7th Bart) Sir William, the 7th Baronet, who renouncing the errors of the Church of Rome, was created a Knight of the Bath, 27th May, 1725, and ferved in several parliaments for the cinque port of Seaford; but dying unmarried, 23d April, 1744, the title accrued to the Lord Vilcount Gage, to whofe fons he left the bulk of his eftate.-We now return to Jofeph Gage, youngest fon of Sir Thomas, the second Baronet, who had his mother's eftate of Shereborne caftle (which the Lord Gage difpofed of to Thomas Earl of Macclesfield) alfo acquired a great eftate by his marriage with Elizabeth daughter to George Penruddock, of the county of Southampton, Efq; and heir to her brothers, who died without iffue, by whom he had two fons and two daughters, viz. ft fon, Thomas, created Viscount Gage. 2d Joleph, who acquired a prodigious fortune in the Miffifippi fchemes in France, in the year 1719, his wealth being computed at 12 or 13 millions: but by the fall of that bubble, the next year, he was reduced to great poverty, and therefore fought new adventures in Spain, where he was honoured with the title of Grandee of the first Clais, and commander in chief of the army in Lombardy; he was alfo prefented by the King of Naples with the order of St. Genaro, and a penfion of 4000 ducats a year. His wife was Lady Lucy Herbert, fourth daughter to William the firft marquis of Powis. ift daughter, Elizabeth, married to John Wefton, of Sutton, Efq. Anne, to Richard Arundel Bealing, of Langhern, Efq. (1ft Viscount.) Sir Thomas, the elder fon, in confideration of his great merit, was advanced to the peerage of Ireland, by privy feal, 13 June, and by patent, 14 September, 1720, by the titles of Baron Gage of Cattlebar, in the county of Mayo, and Viscount Gage of Caftle-ifland, in the county of Kerry. The many fhining qualities of this nobleman are difplayed in the dedication o him of the ninth volume of the Spectators. He had the thanks of the House of Commons given him, for his great expence and service, in detecting the fraudulent fale of the Earl of Derwentwater's eftate. His lordship married firft, the only daughter and heir of Benedit Hall of High-meadow, in the co. of Gloucefter, Efq; by whom he had issue two fons and one daughter, viz. - ift fon, William Hall, the fecond and prefent Viscount Gage. 2d Thomas, a general in the army, and colonel of the 11th dragoons, married, 8th Dec. 1758, to Margaret, daughter of Peter Kemble, Efq; by whom he had Henry, late major of the 93d foot, John, William, Maria, Louifa Elizabeth, Harriot, Charlotta Mary, and Emily; and he died the ft of April, 1787. ft daughter, Therefa, married, in 1755, to George Tafburg, of Rodney, in Norfolk, Efq; and he died without iffue in Auguft, 1773. His lordfhip married, fecondly, 26 December, 1750, the widow of Henry Jermyn Bond, of St. Edinundfbury, Efq; who died without iffue, 8th O&. 1757; and he dying in Dec, 1754, was fucceeded by his eldest fan, (2d Viscount.) William Hall, the 2d and prefent Lord Vilcount Gage. Titles. The right hon. Sir William Hall Gage, Lord Viscount Gage of Caftle island, and Baron Gage of Cafticbar, and Baronet. Creations. Baronet of Great Britain, 26th March, 1622, 44 Jac. I. Vifcount Gage of Caftle-ifland, in the co. of Kerry, and Baron Gage of Caftlebar, in the co. of Mayo, 14 Sept. 1720, 7th Geo. I. Arms. Per faltire, faphire and pearl, a faltire, ruby. Creft. On a wreath, a ram, proper, armed and unguled, gold. Supporters. Two greyhounds, tenne, gorged with coronets of fleurs de lis, topaz. Motto. Motto. Courage Cans peur. (courage without fear.} Seats. High Meadow, in co. Gloucefter, 96 miles from London, and Firle, in co. Suffex, 40 miles from London. Temple, Viscount Palmerfion. HE right hon. Henry Temple, Lord ple, of Mount Temple, was born the 4th of December, 1739, and fucceeded his grandfather, Henry, the late and firft Viscount, 10th June, 1757. His lordship is doctor of laws, and a member in the prefent parlia ment of Great Britain for Boroughbridge. He married, October 6, 1767, Mifs Poole, daughter of the late Sir Henry Poole, Bart. and by her, who died the firft of June, 1769, he had one daughter, born May 17, 1769; and his lordship married, fecondly, January 5th, 1783, Mifs Mary Mee, of London. Leuric, or Leofric, Earl of Chester, living anno 716, is faid to have been the anceftor to this family of Temple (to recite the particulars would far exceed the limits of this pub lication) from whom defcended Peter Tem ple of Stow, in the county of Buckingham, Elg who married Millicent, daughter to William Jekyl, of Newington in Middlesex, Efq by whom he had two fons, John and Anthony; the elder of whom, born in 1542, fucceeded at Stow, and married Sufan, daughter to Thomas Spencer, Efq; and was ancestor to Sir Richard Temple, Bart. late Lord Viscount Cobham, who died with out iffue, 15th Sept. 1749, and the titles accrued to his fecond fifter, Hefter Grenville Temple, widow of Richard Grenville of Wotton, in the county of Bucks, Efq; which lady, 18th Oct. 1749, was created Countess of Temple, to her heirs male; in which he was fucceeded by her eldeft fon, Richard, in #752, who died without iflue, the 8th of September, 1779, and was fuceceded by his nephew, George Nugent Grenville Temple, who was created in 1784, and is the prefent Marquis of Buckingham. We now proceed with Anthony, the younger fon, was a fellow of King's College, Cambridge, and was pro voft of Trinity College, Dublin, for feventeen years (being the fourth provoft from the foundation) and reprefented that univerfity in parliament. He married Martha, daugh ter of Robert Harrison, of the county of Derby, Efq; and he died the 15th of Janu ary, 1627, in the 73d year of his age, and was buried in the College chapel, under the foot of the provoft's feat, leaving iffue two fons and three daughters. The youngest dau. died unmarried; Catharine, the eldest, marled John Archdale, of Caftle Archdale, co. of Fermanagh, Efq; and, fecondly, to Sir John Veill.-Mary, the fecond, married Job Ward, of Knockragh, county of Wicklow, Efq;-Thomas, the younger fon, was a Fellow of the University of Dublin, and was rector of Old Rols, in the diocese of Ferns. He was ancestor (it is prefumed) to Robert Temple, of Mount Temple, in the county of Weftmeath, Efq; who left an only daugh cock, of Waterftown, co. Weftmeath, Efq; and by him had a fon Robert, who married, 4th July, 1751, Elizabeth, eldest daughter of John Lord Knapton, and fifter to Thomas the prefent Viscount De Vefci, by whom fhe had the prefent, Guftavus Handcock Temple, Efq; and the married, fecondly, Edmund Sexton Pery, Efq; late Speaker of the Houfe of Commons, created, 30 December, 1785, Vilcount Pery, and has two daughters. Sir John, the eldeft fon, was educated in the University of Dublin, and visited the feveral foreign courts. On his return, he was made Mafter of the Rolls, and worn of the Privy Council in Ireland. In 1648 he was one of the Commiffioners of the Great Seal; and at the restoration of King Charles II. he was made Vice-treasurer of Ireland, and died in 1677; and he left 100 l. to be laid out on fome additional buildings to the College of Dublin (on account whereof Lord Palmerfton, and his heirs, have a right to bestow two handfome chambers upon fuch ftudents as they fhall think proper): he married Mary, daughter of John Hammond, of Sur ry, Efq; by whom he had two fons and two daughters. Sir William, the eldeft son, was created a Baronet of Great Britain, Jan. 31, 1665. Sir John, the youngest, was father of Henry, created Viscount Palmerfton. Of the daughters, Martha married, 21 April, 1662, Sir Thomas Giffard, of Caftle Jordan, in the county of Kildare, Bart.-Mary married first to Abraham Yarner, Efq; and fecondly to Hugh Eccles, Efq. . Sir John Temple, the youngest fon, was fpeaker of the Houfe of Commons, and folicitor, and afterwards attorney general, and was knighted by Charles II. He retired to the eftate he purchased at Eaft Sheen, in Surry, where he ended his days, March 10, 1704, in the 72d year of his age, leaving -iffue by his wife Jane, daughter to Sir Abraham Yarner, of Dublin, Knight, 2 fons and 4 daughters, viz. It fon, Henry, created Viscount Palmerston. 2d- John, who left 4 daughters. ift daughter, Catharine, firft married to Charles Ward, Efq; and, fecondly, to Charles King, Efq; having iffue by the latter one fon and three daughters. ad Dorothy, firft married to Francis, fon and heir to Sir Robert Colvile, and fecondly to Sir Bafil Dixwell, Bart. and had no iffuc. 3d Mary, married to Thomas Flower of Durrow, Efq; and was mother of William, created Lord Caftle Durrow, who was father of Henry, created Viscount Ashbrooke. 4th Jane, married to John Lord Berkeley of Stratton; and fhe married, fecondly, William Earl of Portland, by whom fhe had two fons and four daughters, viz. William, one of the nobles of Holland.Charles-John, an officer in the army of the States General.-Lady Sophia, married to Henry, late Duke of Kent.-Lady Elizabeth, to Dr. Henry Egerton, late Bishop of Hereford. Lady Harriot, married to James late Earl of Clanbrafil, and was mother to the prefent Earl, and the Countess of Roten. Lady Barbara, to William Godolphin, Efq. ift Viscount. Henry Temple, Efq; the eldeft fon, was chief remembrancer of the Court of Exchequer in Ireland; and his Majefly King George I was pleafed to advance him to the peerage of Ireland, creating him, by privy feal, dated at St. James's, Feb, 4, and by patent at Dublin, March 12, 1722, by the titles of Baron Temple of Mount Temple, in the county of Sligo, and Viscount Palmeriton of Palmerfton, in the county of Dublin, entailing the honours on the ifiue male of his brother John.He married first Anne, daughter to Abraham Houblon, of London, Efq; and by her, who died December 8, 1735, had three fons and two daughters. His lordfhip married, fecondly, fabella, daughter to Sir Francis Gerrard, of Harrow on the Hill, in the co. of Middlefex, Baronet, and widow of Sir John Fryer, Baronet; but by her had no inue: and his lordfhip dying June 10, 1757, left ifiue by his first wife, viz, tit fon. Henry, married the only daughter of colonel Lee, and fifter to George Henry, late Earl of Litchfield; and fhe dying with out iffue, he married, fecondly, Jane, daugh. ter to Sir John Barnard, then lord mayor of London; and he dying in his father's life. time, left iffue an only fon, Henry, the fecond and prefent Viscount Palmerston. 2d-, John, died young. 3d, Richard, married a daughter of James Pelham, Efq; and left iffue an only fon: his widow married, fecondly, George Earl Late Earl of Abergavenny, by whom the had the prefent Earl, and other children. The two daughters died unmarried. (2d Viscount) Henry, the fecond and prefent Lord Vifcount Palmerflon. Titles. The right hon. Henry Temple, Lord. Viscount Palmerfton, of Palmerston, in the county of Dublin, and Baron Temple, of Mout Temple, in the county of Creation. So created March 12, 1722, 9th George I. Arms. Quarterly, the firft and fourth topaz, an eagle difplayed, diamond; the fecond and third pearl, two bars, diamond, each charged with three martlets, topaz. Creft On a wreath, a talbot fejant, diamond, gorged with a plain golden collar. Supporters. The dexter, a lion reguardant, pean, viz. black powdered with yellow: the finifler, a horfe reguardant, pearl, with mane, tail, and hoofs, topaz. Motto. Flecti, noh frangi (Bend, but not break.) Seats. Eaft Sheen, in the county of Surry, 60 miles from London, and Broadlands, in Hampshire. On Phyfiognomy. therwife than medically is fo little unHE fcience of phyfiognomy confidered derftood, or attended to, that, as a fcience, it is fcarcely believed to exift, and few there are who credit it. Many frong inftances, however, have occurred which muft con vince us, that nature has, in general, marked on the human countenance the character, lineaments are not perfectly underfloood, or peculiar traits of the mind, though the but by those who make phyfiognomy a study. The anfwer of Socrates to his difciples, whe would not credit the character which the phyfiognomift gave of him, is well known, and many other inftances have occurred which have given validity to the opinions of former ftudents in this fcience. In farther fupport of its existence, we will convey to our readers a recent circumftance which gives great weight to it. The celebrated Lavator, of Zurich, in Switzerland, a ftudent in this science, was lately prefented at the fame time with a print of the Lord with an excellent caft of Dr. Priestley, and of their natural difpofitions. His answer Chancellor Thurlow, and his opinion asked was very remarkable, and we leave our readers to form a judgment of Lavator's dif cernment. On viewing the caft of Dr. Prieftly, he faid, "This is the refemblance who is ever purfuing fome new idea!" On of a man whofe principles are unfteady, and viewing the portrait of the Chancellor, he exclaimed, "This man was born to rule.” Mifcellaneous Thoughts. OW How, few are there like Tully who wifh'd that every man's thoughts were written in his forehead. That country cannot profper where God is not feared, his religion and fervice neglected, and all impieties freely committed. When Abraham came to Gerar, and faw bad land, he faid, fure the fear of God was not in that place. a Préfent Prefent State of the English Settlements in the The fecurity of Madras, which he found ac Carnatic. the business of the war was by no means the mainobje&t of attention. Councils-generals feamen-foldiers-and civilians-fervants of the King, Company, and Nabob, feemed almoft to have forgotten that the enemy were at the gates, and that they had any adverfaries to contend with but each other. Such pernicious counteractions, at a moment to when the public diftreffes ought to have precluded all private contention, excited my furprife On tracing the fource of thefe diforders, it appeared that they did not originate in any blameable difpofition of the parties; on the contrary, the leading characters were diftinguished by fuperior talents, and eminent in the different walks of life to which they belonged. From a difcordant principle in the political part of our Indian fyftem arofe thofe evils, which were too inveterate to yield to any palliative expedient. Individuals are in a great meafure sut of the queftion; for the difunion alluded to, is not the collufion of one man, or fet of men, or of one Prefidency; but it is a general contention-a fhock of fituationsand a war of departments. In this critical state of affairs, it was moft fortunate for the preservation of our Indian territories, that Lord Macartney had affumed the government of Madras in the preceding June. From the first moment, he dedicated his time and talents to reftrain abufe, with an undeviating vigour and uprightness of intention. Could he have imagined or forefeen the ruin and distraction in which the preced. ing government had involved the establishment, it is not probable that he would have left Europe, to adventure on the manage ment of a country fo overwhelmed by every fpecies of calamity, that fuch fortitude, inintegrity, and perfeverance as he poffeffed, could alone have prevented its condition from becoming irretrievable :- but to a mind like his, when once engaged in an important public object, no difficulty could appear unfurmountable, no combination of embaraffments exceed the reach of his exertions. In a fhort time he concluded an arrangement with the Nabob of Arcot, by which the revenues of the countries under his Highnefs's authority were refcued from mifma nagement, and affigned to the company, in urder to fupport the exigencies of the war. Gent. Mag. April, 1788. tually experiencing the feverities of famine, was provided for with the utmost wisdom and dispatch.--The inefficient defenûve lyf. tem on which the war had been conducted in the Carnatic, he endeavoure, to extend into offenfive operations, an very effort was made by the civil government to enable the Carnatic army to advance into the enemy's poffeffions of Myfore.-The fiege of Nega T the governor, and proved fuccefful, notwithstanding the oppofition against that measure by the commander in chief.--Troops were alfo fent to enable the fquadron to reduce and garrifon Trincomaley.-The previous extravagance by which the finances of the country had been wafted, and public credit overthrown, was reftrained by a firm and rigid hand. The moft anxious retrenchment was enforced in every department; not a Gingle malverfation, negligence or abuse, feemed to efcape the penetrating obfervation of the governor; who, at a crifis the most distressful and alarming that the English had ever experienced fince their eftablishment in India, exhibited an affemblage of talents, energy and rectitude, of which few examples can be traced in any country *. In order to account for the rife and pregrefs of thefe diffentions, and of that dif cordant principle in which they originated, your Lordship will be pleafed to recollect, that the fpirit of our primary eftablishment in India knew no power fuperior to the Company's government. This authority, perplexed and wavering as it might be rendered by the different politics of the different prefidencies counteracting each other, had yet fomewhat of unity in the idea of its formation; fo far at leaft, that the native powers, confidering the Company as the fountain of all English authority in the peninfula, regulated their conduct by fuch communications as were conveyed through the medium of the Company's reprefentatives. While this prevailed, the Nabob Mahomed Ally, and other native princes in our alliance, conducted themfelves with the utmoft deference towards the established government; and though at times they were feverely preffed by fome rapacious members, they felt a degree of feT E. N Curity, and enjoyed an intercourfe of good offices, that bordered on profperity. The errors of the Company's management having attracted the attention of adminiftration at home, an act of the legislature was palfed in 1773, by which the powers of fovereignty were continued in the Company; but the authority of parliament affumed an extenfive interference in thofe very powers of fovereignty, by the appointment, recommendation, or confirmation of certain officers of justice, and others to be eftablished in India. The power and dignity of the crown had, at an earlier period, been brought into direct competition, though not on equal terms, with the power and fovereign authority of the Company. An embaffy had been fent immediately from the crown to the Nabob of Arcot, unavoidably in oppofition to the power of the Company. Vehement difputes arofe between the ambaffador and prefidency of Fort St. George. The governor and council constituted the regular authority of the fettlement, and poffeffed the powers of adminiftration; while the other claimed fuperiority as reprefentative of the fovereign. The Nabob and all the other native princes were perplexed. They had been taught, that in the Company was vefted the fupreme authority of England, as far as refpected India -that no other power had any right of interference there. Now they are told, the Company is no more than a private body of merchants, without confequence or confideration in their own country, and who are foon to lose all power and confequence in India. In this fituation of affairs, what fhall the unfortunate Nabob believe?-how fhall he act?-A host of needy adventurers poffefs themselves of his confidence, impofe upon his credulity, and taint his mind with opinions that have fince proved his deftruction. "Your highness (fay thefe adventurers, muft hake off your connections with thofe traders;-you must now adhere to the fovereign power and majefty of England:-You, Sir, are an independent prince:-you are guaranteed in your territory of the Carnatic by the treaty of Paris; the kings of France and Spain have ratified that treaty, and the king of England is your protector.-Throw off, therefore, all dependence on the mercantile affociation." You will not be surprised, my Lord, that an Asiatic prince, who cannot reconcile the contradiction of a body of merchants poffef fing fovereignty, fhould have been deceived by language fo congenial to his natural propenfities; especially when confirmed by the folemnity of public letters, and an embally from the fovereign. From that moment, his attachment to the Company was fhaken: - he spoke lightly of their power, disregarded their servants, and counteracted their intentions. The government of Madras refented this defection, and forced him to confefs that his new allies were either negligent of their promifes, or unequal to refift the Company, in whofe hands the executive controul still remained. Since that time, the prefidency of Madras has been a continued feene of counteraction. The fenior officer of the fquadron has ufually reprefented his Majefly at the Durbar, and that fituation tends to render him ex officio, an object of jealousy to the Company's government. 1 he commander in chief on fhore has likewife held an authority from the crown, fo indefinitely expreffed, that he could neither fubmit to the government without incurring profeffional unpopularity, nor refift without excititing ruinous commotions. When Sir Eyre Coote affumed the command of the Carnatic army during the adminiftration of Mr. Smith, he had been fuffered to engross the whole direction of the war The fucceeding governor found by these means all power and confequence centered in the general. As the governor and council of each prefidency, by the Company's conftitution, are the delegates of their authority, it feemed neceflary that the board of Madras fhould have fome controul over operations from the conduct and result of which they flood refponfible to their fuperiors.-They reprefented thefe circumftances to the fupreme board, but fentence was pronounced against them, and the general was confirmed in the unparticipated direction of the war. The movements of the army, however, did not profper:-the fame narrow limits marked their progrefs:-the fame deficiencies of draught, carriage, and convey. ance, as well as of grain and money, ftill fruftrated all hopes of profiting fuccefs, and defeated every fuggeftion of vigorous endeavour. The fupreme board, after much acrimonous difcuffion, revoked their fentence, and replaced the controlling power in the hands of the Madras government: but another event foon afterwards occurred, which put reconciliation at defiance. The fupreme board determine to refcind the affignment of the Nabob's territory to the Company, and to restore his highness to the management of his own country.-They farther resolve, it is faid, to enforce this edict by military power. Sir Eyre Coote is therefore invefted with full authority for that purpofe, and on his return to the coal in April 1783, is inftructed at all events to carry the order into execution. Bis death, which happened in the fame month, is fuppofed to have prevented much bloodshed in the settlement |