...called the "normal" American political process. VIII I defined the "normal" American political process as one in which there is a high probability that an...effectively at some crucial stage in the process of decision. To be "heard" covers a wide range of activities, and I do not intend to define the word rigorously....

...convince Chief Bromden. More likely, Dahl's claim that the normal political process in America insures "a high probability that an active and legitimate...effectively at some crucial stage in the process of decision,"5 would fall on the deafness of the Chief. Instead, Kesey is urging the reader to understand...

...the activities of pluralistic groups. America is a democracy because in its "normal" political system "there is a high probability that an active and legitimate...effectively at some crucial stage in the process of decision."" 4 Individual political participation thereby became the attribute of a small group of activists....

...primarily descriptive, analyzing the "normal" process of American government. This process he defines as "one in which there is a high probability that...effectively at some crucial stage in the process of decision."81 It is useful to recall that we undertook this study of Dahl as an examination of the work...

...clearly more powerful than others and dominate certain policy areas. But whatever their resources, there is "... a high probability that an active and...effectively at some crucial stage in the process of decision."2 With large numbers of groups present, it is common under the pluralist pattern to find...

...municipality. If one assumes, as here, that municipal political processes should be structured to ensure "a high probability that an active and legitimate...effectively at some crucial stage in the process of decision,"21 then the issue is how powerful unions will be in the typical political process if a full...

...government and politics can, therefore, be best understood as a competition among minority interests 5. that "there is a high probability . .. that an 'active...effectively at some crucial stage in the process of decision' " 9 6. that "the competition among governmental institutions and nongovernmental interest...

...amount of "slack." They reinforce Dahl's contention that in the "normal" American political process "there is a high probability that an active and legitimate...effectively at some crucial stage in the process of decision."4 If this approach illustrates some of the vitality left in pluralist theory, it also demonstrates...

...pluralist view of the American political process, Robert Dahl, its best-known proponent, has written, "there is a high probability that an active and legitimate...effectively at some crucial stage in the process of decision" (1956, 145). Opposed to this view is one in which power is concentrated in the hands of a...

...remain within legal bounds. According to Dahl, under pluralism there is a high probability than any active and legitimate group in the population can...effectively at some crucial stage in the process of decision." The application of these characteristics to interest politics in Israel reveals both its...