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THE

CLASSICAL JOURNAL.

N. XI,

SEPTEMBER, 1812.

BIBLICAL CRITICISM.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE CLASSICAL JOURNAL.

Διὰ τοῦτο ὀφείλει ἡ γυνὴ ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς, διὰ τοὺς ayyéλous. 1 Corinth. c. xI. v. 10.

SIR,

IN In your 8th No. p. 273. I produced the opinion of Dr. Harwood upon this passage: he supposes that dyyérous ἀγγέλους means "the spies, whom their Pagan adversaries sent to observe the Christians, and to detect and expose any faults and imprudences they might haply discover." M. Gottlieb Leberecht Spohn's Nov. Lex. Gr.-Lat. in N. T. contains the following interpretation: « Debet mulier calyptram habere super capite propter angelos: G. G. Zeltner. Diss. de Munimento Capitis feminei contra angelos Altd. 1715.-cf. Psalm. 90, 6. xgaтaiwμa κραταίωμα Ts xaxis, potestas capitis, est tegumentum. Dougtæus Anal. Sacr. V. T. Excursu 15." In the Poecile of Heumannus is a collection of the different interpretations of this passage, which Heumannus concludes with declaring his own opinion, that ἀγγέλους means spies,' as Dr. Harwood supposes. I must confess that the interpretation, which I am going to submit to the judg

This article is printed in Mr. Barker's Classical Recreations, just published. VOL. VI. No. XI.

ment of the learned reader, seems, at least to myself, to be more satisfactory than any, which I have yet seen;

ἡ γὰρ ἔρωτι

πολλάκις, ὦ Πολύφαμε, τὰ μὴ καλὰ καλὰ πέφανται.

I must first observe that I make no alteration whatever of the text; that I take αγγέλους (with Heumannus, and Dr. Harwood) in the sense of spies; that my interpretation is founded upon a well-known custom of the Roman, and perhaps the Grecian, women; and that the writings of St. Paul abound with allusions to Roman customs. Andreas Cirino de Urbe Roma, c. 46., (a Tract inserted in the N. Thes. Antiq. Rom. congestus ab A. H. De Sallengre, Tom. II. Hagæ-Com. 1718. p. 518.) says, when he is treating upon the marriage of the Romans: Plutarch. ἔνιοι δὲ λέγουσι καὶ τὸ τὴν κόμην τῆς γαμουμένης αἰχμῇ διακρίνεσθαι δορατίου, σύμβολον εἶναι τοῦ μετὰ μάχης καὶ πολεμικῶς τὸν πρῶτον γάμον γενέσθαι : Ovid. L. 2. Fast. v. 559.

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Nec tibi, quæ cupidæ matura videbere matri,
Comat virgineas hasta recurva comas :

Festus Pompeius hanc celibarem hastam antiquos dixisse testatur: "Celibari hasta caput nubentis comebatur, quæ in corpore gladiatoris stetisset abjecti occisique; ut quemadmodum illa conjuncta fuerit cum corpore gladiatoris, sic ipsa cum viro sit: aliam rationem refert non scitu indignam: Vel quia matrona Junonis Curitis in tutela sint, quæ ita appellabatur a ferenda hasta, quæ lingua Sabinorum Curis dicitur; vel quod fortes viros genituras ominetur ; vel QUOD NUPTIALI JURE IMPERIO VIRI SUBJICITUR NUBENS, QUIA HASTA SUMMA ARMORUM ET IMPERII EST, quam ob causam viri fortes ea donantur, et captivi sub eadem vencunt : alia effert Plutarch., quæ nuptiarum symbola tangunt et præcepta opportuna sponsæ et sponso; inquit enim in Quast. Rom.: Διὰ τί τῶν γαμουμένων αἰχμῇ δορατίου τὴν κόμην διακρίνουσιν; ἆρα σύμβολόν ἐστι τοῦτο τοῦ βίᾳ καὶ μετὰ πολέμου γαμηθῆναι τὰς πρώτας; ἢ μανθάνουσιν, ἀνδράσι συνοικοῦσαι μαχίμοις καὶ πολεμικοῖς, ἄθρυπτον καὶ ἄθηλυν καὶ ἀφελῆ προσίεσθαι καλλωπισμόν; ὥσπερ ὁ Λύκουργος ἀπὸ πρίονος καὶ πελέκεως κελεύσας τὰ θυρώματα ταῖς οἰκίαις ποιεῖν καὶ τὰς ὀροφος, ἄλλῳ δὲ μὴ χρῆσθαι τὸ παράπαν ἐργαλείω, πᾶσαν ἐξέβαλε περιεργίαν καὶ πολυτέλειαν ἢ τὴν διάστασιν αἰνίττεται τὸ γινόμενον, ὡς μόνῳ σιδήρῳ τοῦ γάμου διακριθησομένου ; Sed cur nos aliena recensendo laboramus? Dabimus etiam ex nostro ingenii pehu etiam nonnulla erudita et nova; hasta cuspis Romanarum mulierum discriminabat comam, quia hasta Romuli primum florens cuspide fixa in terra germina protulit; florentis conjugii hieroglyphicum: præterea hasta diis olim dabatur, ut custodirent urbem; sic mulieri, ut domui curam gereret decorisque viri casta servaret domum: item

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