NETHERLANDS.

William-Frederic, born 24 Aug., 1772; king of the Netherlands 16 March, 1815; married 1 Oct., 1791, to Frederica-Wilhelmina-Louisa, of Prussia, born 18 Nov., 1774.

William-Frederic-George-Louis, prince of Orange; born 6 Dec., 1792; married 21 Feb., 1816, to the Grand Duchess Anne Polowna, sister to the emperor of Russia.

POLAND.

Nicholas Paulowitz, emperor of Russia; king of Poland 1 Dec. 1825.

PORTUGAL.

Don Miguel, born 26 Oct., 1802.

PRUSSIA.

Frederic-William III., born 3 Aug., 1770; king of Prussia 16 Nov., 1797. Frederic-William, prince royal, born 15 Oct., 1795; married 29 Nov., 1823, to Elizabeth-Louisa, princess of Bavaria, born 12 Nov., 1801.

RUSSIA.

Nicholas Paulowitz, emperor of all the Russias, born 6 July, 1796; married 13 July, 1817, to the Grand Duchess Alexandrina-Wilhelmina of Prussia, born 13 July, 1796.

SARDINIA.

Charles-Felix of Savoy, born 6 April, 1765; king of Sardinia 13 March, 1821; married 7 March, 1807, to Maria Christina-Amelia-Theresa, daughter to the king of the Two Sicilies, born 17 Jan.,

SAXONY.

1779.

8

Frederic-Augustus, born 23 Dec., 1750; king of Saxony in Dec., 1806; married 29 Jan., 1769, to Maria-Amelia-Augusta, sister to the king of Bavaria, queen of Saxony, born 11 May, 1750.

Maria-Augusta-Antoinette, princess royal of Saxony, born 21 June, 1782. ›

SPAIN.

Ferdinand VII., born 14 Oct., 1784; king of Spain and the Indies, 19 March, 1808.

SWEDEN AND NORWAY.

Charles-John, born 26 Jan., 1764; king of Sweden and Norway, 5 Feb.

1818.

Joseph-Francis-Oscar, prince royal of Sweden, born 6 July, 1799; married 19 June, 1823, to Josephine-Maximilienne-Eugenia of Bavaria, born 14 March, 1807.

SWITZERLAND.

M. De Wiss, burgomaster of the city and republic of Zurich, president of the Federal Directory.

THE TWO SICILIES.

Francis I., born 19 Aug., 1777; king of the Two Sicilies 4 Jan., 1825; married to Maria-Isabella, sister to the king of Spain, born 5 July, 1789.

TURKEY.

Mahmoud II., born in 1784; proclaimed emperor 11 Aug., 1808.

WURTEMBERG.

William, king of Wurtemburg, 30 Oct., 1816; born 27 Sept., 1781. Paulina-Theresa-Louisa of Wurtemburg, queen of Wurtemburg, born 11 Sept., 1800.

Charles-Frederic-Alexander, prince royal of Wurtemburg, born 6 March,

XXVII. MISCELLANEOUS STATISTICS CONCERNING GREAT BRITAIN.

1. SUMMARY and COMPARATIVE STATEMENT of the ENUMERATION of the POPULATIon of great BRITAIN in the YEARS 1801, 1811, and 1821.

2. GENERAL SUMMARY of HOUSES, FAMILIES, and PERSONS in GREAT

4. ACRES OF LAND IN GREAT BRITAIN.

General Statement of the Cultivated, Uncultivated, and Unprofitable Land of the

United Kingdom.

5. CANALS.-In 1823, the total length of Canals in Great Britain, excluding those under five miles, was 2,589 miles.

Annual in

6. TURNPIKE ROADS.- In 1823, the total extent of Turnpike Roads in Great Britain was 24,531 miles. come, £1,214,716.- Debt, £5,200,000.

XXVIII. POPULATION OF FRANCE.

THE total population of France is estimated at 31,600,000. The following table contains a summary of the births, marriages, and deaths in France from 1817 to 1825.

Increase

XXIX. BOOKS PUBLISHED IN FRANCE.

SINCE the year 1814 very accurate accounts have been rendered of the annual productions of the French press. Compared with the increase of population, and the effective force of the nation, the multiplication of books has been remarkable. The following table, drawn up by M. Charles Dupin, exhibits the numbers of sheets published in France during a period of twelve years, and the principal divisions of literature and science to which they respectively appertained.

It appears, that the subjects upon which there has been the greatest increase are theology, legislation, the sciences, philosophy, history, and travels. The highest ratio of increase is in legislation.

From the invention of printing to the year 1814, a space of 375 years, the press had obtained the power of producing annually 45,675,039 sheets. From 1814 to 1826, a period of 12 years, the increase was 98,886,055 sheets. That is, in these twelve years the increase of publications was more than double what it had been during the three hundred and seventyfive years preceding.

In the year 1825 the number of volumes printed was 13,767,723, allowing ten sheets and a half on an average to a volume. This was a little more than a volume to each reader in France, as it is estimated that there were at that time twelve millions of persons who could read.

The above table and calculations do not embrace the results of the periodical press either in journals or newspapers. The estimate of these are, for

This shows a diminution of periodical publications of more than 2,000,000 of sheets in six years only. In 1820 for a million of sheets published on religion, the sciences, belleslettres, and the arts, there were 352,313 issued from the periodical press; in 1826 for a million of sheets on the same subjects, there were only 182,764 periodical.

M. Dupin supposes this diminution of periodical publications to be owing to two causes; first, their dearness; and secondly, the circumstance of their being burdened with a heavy tax. The subscription price of a daily newspaper in Paris is about sixteen dollars a year.

The extraordinary increase of publications not periodical, within twelve years, he thinks is also to be ascribed to two causes; first, the people who read have more time than formerly to devote to that occupation; secondly, the number of readers is much augmented.

It was stated in a late publication, that a hundred thousand copies of the entire works of Voltaire and Rousseau had been published during the last twelve years in France, in addition to innumerable copies of separate treatises of both authors.

By a recent French paper, it appears that the following is the present state of the periodical press in France.

There are now in Paris 152 Journals, literary, scientific, and religious, and 17 political, in all 169. Of these papers 151 are constitutional, or, as they are called, liberal - the 18 others being more monarchical in their spirit. The 151 Constitutional Journals have, it is stated, 197,000 subscribers, 1,500,000 readers, and produce an income of 1,155,200 francs; the 18 others have 21,000 subscribers, 192,000 readers, with an income of 437,000 francs. The number of subscribers to the ten principal papers is as follows; - Le Moniteur, the official paper, from 2500 to 4000 subscribers, principally public functionaries. Le Constitutionnel, 18,000 to 20,000 subscribers. Journal des Debats, 13,000 to 14,000. Quotidienne, 5000 subscribers. Courrier Français, 4500. Journal du Commerce, 3500. Gazette de France, 7000. Messager des Chambres. This paper, which, since the accession of the Polignac Ministry, seems to have taken up liberal ideas, has 2,500 subscribers. Tribune des Départemens, a new paper, 100 subscribers. Nouveau Journal de Paris, 1000 to 1500 subscribers. These are all published in the capital; those printed in the provinces it calculates at 75 journals, exclusive of papers of advertisements, and Ministerial bulletins. Of these, 66 are constitutional, supported only by their subscribers of the same way of thinking. One, the Mémorial de Toulouse,