1. Malone, 1805. 6. Fort Covington, 1913. 8. Brandon, 1828. TOWNS. 9 Duane, 1828. Mountains. GG. Chateaugay. g. Seward. h. Adirondack. Lakes. i. Upper Saranac. 1. Lower Saranac. k. Tupper. Villages. MALONE. Fort Covington. e. St. BOUNDARIES. North by Canada East; East by Clinton and Essex counties; south by Essex and Hamilton counties, and West by St. Lawrence county. SURFACE. Elevated and mountainous, in the southern and southeastern sections, where the Chateaugay range crosses it; elsewhere it is undulating or level. Mount Seward, and the Adirondack group, are peaks of this range. Mount Seward has never been ascended, but its height is computed at about 5000 feet. Numerous lakes are formed in the valleys of the mountain ranges. RIVERS. The principal rivers are Salmon, Trout, Chateaugay, St. Regis, Deer, Racket, and Saranac. LAKES. Upper and Lower Saranac, Tupper, and numerous others of less importance. CLIMATE. The high latitude, and elevated surface of this county render the climate rigorous. The winters are long and severe. GEOLOGY AND MINERALS. The mountainous district is principally of the primitive formation, and is composed of hypersthene, granite and gneiss. The two latter, indeed, form the surface rocks of a large part of the county. The transition formation, however, extends over the northern slope of the county, and is mainly composed of the Potsdam sandstone, very fine specimens of which are quarried in Malone, Chateaugay, Moira, and Bangor. In the northeast corner of Franklin township, the calciferous sand rock makes its appearance. The principal minerals are magnetic iron ore, found in Franklin, Duane, and Malone townships, purple scapolite, green pyroxene, graphite in six sided tables, bog iron ore, tufa, peat, and massive pyrites. SOIL AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTIONS. The soil of the north ern towns is probably equal in emlity a ar a he or southern townships are jew grubiare i a na? à loam, occasionally nitet wil nay and mura a with stone. It is not well adapted to wear THIS and the esculess mocca tanze mirante The forests, which over the entru ind wir eraPAR are very dense, and tocast if vale um te. oak, beech, birth, bead em. un ve Tur PURSUITS Agriculture's the end or next vierde Ast of the inhabitants and ther team the raising of care and he murkan u preparation of ander ir naran a we te wo panen considerable member of the mama vie di some commerce in the Buman and a few mine ally furnish em; county, in what 616 waoam were might een me maintained an average je da mia ma è J pended for t volumes. There were as en de cua vi mies, with 113 studiena. RELIGIOTS DES & TE * time: lics, Baptists, Caramute Epis alists. There are twery cure of all denom. E DE HISTORY. Ta sony va te vone v tue & of Indians, who Tom de fresion of tw } < often engagedi meie neren wan tia connes England and New York in the rates por of the ey and commencement of the gust o have still a reservation of een te ega me te d breadth, in the exy mga tin buru ď Jonra bu y Covington VIA A daughter of Rev. Jom Wiliamue e Juven setts, who, with the lany was to captions to the 1704, remained with the lutae ay be work ried one of the chief aut omdiate %w years since chief of the trive The first stders were Cate Mills, now Fort Coniugis about tax your idh, In April, 1804, Meaare Eetyan kowen, ui Wurma, Vermont, William Bailey, and Nathan Beman, commenced a settlement at Chateaugay. Soon after, Mr. Nathan Wood, of Vermont, settled in Malone. Constable was settled about the same time. The first standard captured from the enemy, in the late war with Great Britain, was taken at Bombay, by Major G. D. Young, a native of Connecticut, on the 22d of October, 1812. Major Young was commandant of a detachment of the Troy volunteers stationed at French Mills, (now Fort Covington,) and having learned that a party of the enemy had arrived at the village of St. Regis, and that more were shortly expected, resolved to surprise them before they could be reinforced. He accordingly marched a detachment in the night to the vicinity of the village, surrounded the enemy, and captured forty prisoners, with their arms, equipments, &c., one stand of colors, and two batteaux, without the loss of a single man. A skirmish took place on the 25th of October, 1813, at Chateaugay, between the British light troops and Indians, and a detachment of American troops, under General Izard, in which the latter were repulsed with the loss of fifty men. In February, 1814, a detachment of British and Indians, numbering about 2300 men, made an incursion into Malone, and penetrated as far as Chateaugay Four Corners, when, hearing of the approach of American troops, they retreated in great confusion, suffering severely in their flight, from a storm of snow and hail. Upwards of 200 men deserted during this retreat. Fort Covington, in this county, was erected during the last war, and a part of the army wintered here in 1813-14. VILLAGES. MALONE, in the town of the same name, is the seat of justice for the county. It is situated on both sides of the Salmon river, which here furnishes a large amount of water power, and is surrounded by a fertile country. In the vicinity are extensive veins of valuable iron ore. The village has several manufactories of cotton goods, leather, scythes, pails, &c. The Franklin academy, located here, is in a flourishing condition. Population 1000. Fort Covington, located at the head of navigation, on Salmon river, is a flourishing village, largely employed in the lumber trade, and has an incorporated academy and several manufactories. The fort here was an important military post during the war. The village was then known as the "French Mills." It received its present name in honor of General Covington, who was slain at the battle of Williamsburgh, November 13th, 1813. Population 1000. Rivers, &c. M. Niagara River. a. Eighteen Mile Creek. b. Johnson's. c. Tuscarora. f. Howel's. Falls. SS. Niagara Falls. Lakes. J. Lake Ontario. Battle Fields. Niagara. Forts. Niagara. Schlosser. r. Tonawanda. Villages. LOCKPORT. Lewiston. Niagara Falls Village. Youngs town. BOUNDARIES. North by Lake Ontario; East by Orleans and Genesee counties; South by Erie county, and West by Niagara river. |