VOL. II.] SUPPLEMENTARY TO No. 29. Hæc olim meminisse juvabit.-VIRGIL. Printed and published by H. NILES, Water-street, near the Merchants' Coffee-House, at $5. μt Thomas Jefferson, Esquire, held on the 15th inst. PHILADELPHIA, January 6, 1812. Thomas Jeferson, Esquire, I am requested to communicate to you, in the Sir-In my letter to you, dated the 22d Decemname of the society, that you were unanimously ber, I had the honor to communicate, in the name elected an honorary member, at a special meeting, of the Society of Artists of the United States, the information that you were elected an honorary memYour love for the arts and sciences, and your long ber; I have now the pleasure of informing you and unremitted exertions to promote the indepen-that the society, at their annual meeting, held on dence and prosperity of our country, are known to the 2d of January for the choice of officers, have all the world :-A society having for its object, the elected you their president for the present year. cultivation of the fine arts throughout this extensive You will, no doubt, easily perceive that the estab. and flourishing republic, cannot fail to meet your lishment of a new institution, embracing a wide approbation, and receive your cordial cooperation. field, and combining a variety of very important obThe establishment of schools in the various jects, will also be attended with many difficulties; branches of the arts, on liberal principles; and pe to obviate which, the founders of this infant society, riodical exhibitions of the works of American ar-have endeavored to call to their aid all the talents tists, will, it is believed, have a tendency to form and resources within their reach. a correct taste in this country; by calling into ac- The local situation of this country, as well as the tion native genius, many prejudices will be remov form of its government, renders it necessary that ed with respect to foreign productions; and the ap we should establish our society on principles some plication of the fine arts to useful purposes, is ac- what different from similar institutions, formed unknowledged by all who are acquainted with the prin der other circumstances, and existing under differciples and progress of civilization, to be of great ent patronage and various forms of government. importance. The artists in this country can never expect to be he members of this infant institution are con- supported by individual patronage, it is to the public ed that their success depends much upon their that they look for encouragement, and they expect 'n exertions; at the same time, they are aware to receive it only in proportion as the application of at the countenance and support of the most dis-their labor has a tendency to promote the public nguished patriotic characters in the country, will good. Aot only powerfully aid them in the arduous pur In this country there are but few artists who are suits in which they are engaged, but will also have eminent in the higher branches of the arts, and a tendency to unite, and give confidence to all who those being scattered over a vast extent of country, are immediately interested in the prosperity of the it was found impossible to form any thing like a institution. I herewith transmit a copy of the con national institution, without calling in the assistance stitation of the society. of amateurs; and the progress already made by this I have the honor to be, with greatest respect,ociety, has sufficiently proved the propriety of your obedient servant, such a measure. THOMAS SULLY, Secretary. By order of the commilice of correspondence. I have no hestation candidly to acknowledge the the society expect to receive much benefit from yond acceptance of the office of president, although a MONTICELLO, JANUARY 8, 1812. distance, and your time doubtless occupied in: be. SIR,-I have duly received your favor of Decemportant pursuits; we nevertheless hope to dwe ber 22, informing me that the Society of Artists of much solid advantage from such communicly the United States, had made me an honorary mem as your leisure may permit you to make on the will ber of their society. I am very justly sensible ofject of the arts. e con the honor they have done me, and I pray you to re- The general concerns of the society (as indtreaturn them my thanks for this mark of their distinc perceive by a copy of the constitution sented from tion. I fear that I can be but a very useless associate. ducted by four vice-presidents, a secretaviz. archiTime, which withers the fancy, as the other facul-surer, all of whom are artists, and saving-such ties of the mind and body, presses on me with a the four principa branches of the artsary in order heavy hand; distance intercepts all personal inter tecture, sculpture, painting and ennt professions, course. I can offer therefore but my zealous good an arrangement was considered ne wishes for the success of the institution, and that to prevent jealousy among the diff D VOL. II. 1 and to strengthen in every possible manner the spect are more the defect of education, than the bonds of union. result of conviction. There are many who abjurs The business of the society is generally managed the idea of presages from comets, yet run into the by committees, and it has hitherto been conducted opposite extreme; and refuse to allow them any in such a manner, as cannot fail to insure success, influence whatever upon the earth. The truth, and we may venture to hope that our country will perhaps, lies in equally avoiding both these exsoon be as independent in weaks of taste and ele tremes. A number of circumstances, in my opi gance, as she is already in the mechanical and use nion, concur to make it extremely probable that ful arts. this position is the true one. I have the honor to be, with great respect, your It will perhaps be recollected by many, that the winter, spring, and summer of the year 1807, was marked by unusual commotions in the earth and the atmosphere, in a variety of ways, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tornadoes, whirlwinds, MONTICELLO, January 25, 1812. tremendous storms of rain and hail, &c. An earthSIR-My letter of Jan. 8, conveying my thanks quake took place in Italy, sometime in the spring to the Society of Artists of the United States, for of that year, which was immediately followed by having thought me worthy of a place among their an eruption of a volcano on mount Vesuvius. Ă associates, could scarcely have reached your hands, severe shock of an earthquake was felt, about the when I received your second favor announcing the same time, in Virginia. Both the American and further honor of being named their president. The European sea coasts, as well as many parts of the gratification of this mark of their partiality to me interior of those continents, were unusually harwould have been high indeed, could it have been rassed by tremendous hurricanes, tornadoes, and mixed with some hope of my being useful to them. storms of rain and hail; and a strange agitation of It would have lessened the uneasiness of unmerited the atmosphere was noticed. A writer in a newsdistinction; no one is more sensible than myself paper printed in Richmond, (Vir.) in the month that it is to the lively fancies of its younger mem- of May, in the same year, after noticing many of bers, to their zeal and energy, and not to the lan- those natural phenomena, as they occured in various guid imagination, and wearied faculties of age, that parts of the world, concludes with this remarkable the society must owe its future successes. I can paragraph: only give them the tribute of my thanks and best "The quantity of vapor, in the form of rain wishes, with the assurance of the readiness and and snow in the course of the winter past, in this pleasure with which I shall avail myself of any oc-state, has exceeded all example within the memory casion which may occur of rendering them service. of man; this has indeed been the case throughout In communicating these sentiments to the society, pray you to accept for yourself, those of my greatest consideration and respect. Mr. Sully. THOMAS JEFFERSON, Comets. "Lo! from the dread immensity of space, The rushing comet to the sun descends; Thompson. the United States, if public accounts are to be credited; besides tremendous storms on the American and European coasts, and general commotions of the atmosphere, have been noticed throughout this period, in most parts of the world. Perhaps these great elementary conflicts and disturbances may portend the approach of a coMET! probably one of those mighty masses of matter, which plays through immeasurable space, may now be paying a visit to our solar system! Be this as it may, such appears to be the connection between these grand phenomena of nature, and want and pestilence, as justly to excite the attention of the philosopher, and the sympathy of the philanthropist." From the early ages of the world, it appears to These "great elementary conflicts and disturhave been a prevailing opinion, among the more bances" were actually followed by the appearance ignorant and superstitious part of mankind, that of a COMET! sometime in the month of Septemthe appearance of those rare bodies, the comets, ber following; which continued to be seen during were ominous of great moral and physical evil in several weeks. A few evenings observation of this the world, such as war, famine, pestilence, &c. comet determined it to have passed its perihelion, and the comets were regarded as the immediate pre for least distance from the sun. Hence it is proba cursors of these dire calamities and distresses. It ble that it passed the region of the earth's orbit, Aseems probable enough, that these superstitious perhaps no very great distance from the earth itself, otions may have originated from the circumstance sometime in the spring previous, and nearly about ba the appearance of comets being rendered more the time of the occurrence of many of the phenotromarkable, by the occurrence of various natural mena before mentioned. This comet had not yet Rusenomena, upon the earth. Mankind may have disappeared, when, in the month of November an eludi, long accustomed to observe the connection influenza commenced in the eastern states, and Chabaen the appearance of comets and these natural progressed regularly to westward, over a consideraJared Lences; but, being altogether ignorant of the ble portion of the U. States. Very few of those withacco theory of the comets, instead of rationally in its scope escaped the contagion These things physing for these phenomena, as the effect of I recollect to have particularly noticed, at the time; be supauses, they may have supposed them to and was strongly impressed with the opinion of Divine tural visitations, and the harbingers of there being a mysterious connection between these or associath. Hence, probably, the connection natural phenomena, and the comet, to the physical evil; and of their ideas of moral with physical influence of which I attributed their occurrence. meteors, ecloth with the appearance of comets, This opinion subsequent occurrences have not - however, thes, &c. In this enlightened age, altered, but have rather contributed to strengthen. ploded, except tbsurd notions are generally ex- The late comet, as it respects its premonitory few, whose opinions in this re-'signs, and the variety of natural phenomena attend ing its visit, is not less remarkable than that of of matter which the bodies contain. Hence the 1807. It was, I believe, first observed in the U. attractive power of large bodies, such as the sun States, early in May last, from this place; and a and planets, is very great, even at immense dissmall notice respecting it published. From its ap-tances*-In addition to this property, bodies are surparent proximity to the sun, it was then scarcely rounded by atmosphere, a subtile fluid, which, in perceivable by the naked eye; and was soon lost in density and extent, is also proportionate to their the rays of the sun. It appeared again early in magnitude, and the quantity of matter they contain. September, to the north-west, with great lustre; It appears, however, to be the opinion of modern and after an apparently retrograde motion, it disap-astronomers, that the atmospheres of the comets peared to the south-west, toward the end of Janua- are much more dense, and occupy much larger spary. The following are some of the principal phy- ces than those of any other of the celestial bodies. sical occurrences which appears to have marked This they infer, from the appearance which these this period :--atmospheres usually present; being visible to the Several earthquakes are said to have been felt last naked eye, and extending, in some instances, as apspring in the West India islands; and at another pears by calculation, to the distance of twenty miltime, a terrible volcano burst forth near the island lions of miles from the comet; and as some have of St. Michaels: from the immense quantity of computed, to eighty millions of miles. These things lava, ashes and rocks thrown up from this volcano, being premised, it would appear very probable that a new island has been formed, two or three miles in a comet by a near appulse to the earth, would, efcircumference.--A dreadful tornado passed over the fect it very sensibly in many respects; producing city of Charleston (S. C.) which was marked in its much commotion in the earth and atmosphere, and course by destruction and death; several hurri bringing into action latent phenomena, which might canes were experienced off the American coast, otherwise have required some length of time to prowhich dismasted and otherwise severely injured ma duce. Every one is scusible of the powerful influny of the vessels at sea; and some were cast away. cuce of the sun upon the earth, although at an im-To these may be added the late remarkable earth-mense distance from us. The comets, astronomers quakes, which since the morning of the 16th Dec. inform us, sometime pass the earth at a much last, have been repeatedly and extensively felt in the less distance; and some of them as large as our middle, southern and western states. Concerning earth. Is it not rational, then, to infer, that the this phenomenon, various conjectures have been comets have their influence upon the earth and formed. One, who has published his opinion, other planets near which they pass as well as the supposes it to be produced by celestial and ter- sun, only in a less deg: ce?-To suppose otherwise, restial electricity; that from the powerful affinity would not be consonant to the immutable laws of of the terrestrial for the celestial elecricity, its matter. violent efforts to escape from the bowels of the The acceleration of the comets, when descendearth has caused the agitation of the earth in ques-ing to their perihelion, is continually increas tion. These things are beyond my comprehension; ing; so that when they have arrived to the inte yet, I can easily agree with the opinion, that these rior of the planetary system, their tails or atmosseveral shocks of earthquakes have been produced phere becomes so much elongated by their inconby this subtile fluid, if it be admitted, on the other ceivable velocity, as to render it in no wise improhand, that the particular disposition of this fluid, bable that a port on of it would be abandoned which occasioned these phenomena, is in part or in to the more powerful attraction of some other whole, attributable to the comet. I might have body. This body, from its situation in the system, enumerated many other occurrences similar to the might not unfrequently be the earth. The probaforegoing; but, as every one who reads the public bility of such an occurrence is strengthened still journals of the day, inust have noticed these things, more from the following consideration: A comet, it is unnecessary to add any more. For months past, no larger than the moon (which is about one fifour news-papers have literally teemed with notices, tieth part the size of the earth) at the distance of and detailed accounts of the ravages of tornadoes, 100 millions of miles from the earth (which is more hurricanes, storms, earthquakes &c. which have than the distance of the sun) with its atmosphere occurred in many parts of this continent, and the elongated in the direction of the earth; would proadjacent islands. Whether these phenomena have bably abandon a portion of it to the greater attraction been as general in more distant regions of the globe, of the earth; for as the point where the attraction of remains yet to be known. From what is already the earth and comet would be equal, would be as known, I presume, every attentive observer will be much nigher the comet, as the comet is smaller than entirely satisfied, that a few months past have prothe earth, it follows that any part of the atmosphere duced an uncommon concurrence of various natur of the comet, which should extend to a greater disal phenomena. It is self evident that these effects tance towards the earth than two millions of miles, have a cause or causes. To me it appears evident would fall within the attraction of the earth, and also, that they are physically produced, either im-descend to its surface. This could scarce fail being mediately or remotely, by an extra-mundane cause; the case, if the comet was at the time passing be. for there is, probably, no matter, or physical combi tween the earth and the sun, which, for ought we nation of matter on earth, possessing suflicient know, may sometimes happen, and may possibly power to combine so much phenomena, in so short have been the case with the late comet. a time. It is very probable that some of the comets have That these phenomena are in a greater or less de comet which appeared in 1680,was computed by Dr. made very near approaches to the earth. The great gree, attributable to the comet which lately passed Halley to have been, at 1 o'clock P. M. on the 11th through the planetary system, is, I conceive, an Nov. within a semi diameter of the earth near four hypothesis by no means slightly founded. Some of the considerations which appear to me to favor, this *The planet Herschel, with the hourly motion of hypothesis are these: All bodies are mutually drawn 7,000 miles, is kept within its orbit by the solar attoward each other by the attraction of gravitation; traction, although at the amazing distance of more which is always in direct proportion to the quantity than 1,800 millions of miles. thousand miles) from the earth's orbit. It was no proved by the Merino) that wool would be found doubt owing to the circumstance of the earth's being, better than the quality of the wool of the excellent at that time, in a distant part of its orbit, that the three point blankets imported from England. Such whole human race, with all other organic matter worst quarter part of our wool would not be too on this fair fabriek" did not perish with "the long or blankets. Very little of it is so long as to wreck of matter and the crush of worlds." Some render it difficult to card.-That little may be chopphilosophers have supposed that such will be the led to make it card. The longest, which will card, end of this beautiful frame, when, at the appointed is best for point blankets. It is repeated, that the time, it shall please the Almighty to decree that chain or warp of blankets ought not to be too hardly "time shall be no longer." twisted; and that the weft or filling cannot be too It was the opinion of Dr. Halley that the comet of soft and loose, if it has only strength or adherence 1680 appeared about the time of the general deluge & enough to bear the operation of weaving. that by its near approach to the earth it occasioned Kersey is usually made for the army, the navy, that ever memorable event, which the wisdom of the working people and the frugal. It is equally Omnipotence thus brought about by a natural cause. durable compared with low priced broad cloths, as This opinion, although novel, seems to be plausi milled cassimere is, compared with the fine broad ble; for if so small a body as the moon, at the discloths.-Cassimere, called at first kerseymer was a tance of 240 thousand miles from the earth, raises a mere handsome improvement on the kersey in a tide in the ocean of fourteen or fifteen feet in England, about 40 or 45 years ago. height, we may safely conclude, that a comet, as The weight of good white kersey, twenty-seven large or larger than the earth, approaching very inches wide, is from eleven ounces and one half to near it, would raise such a prodigious tide as would twelve ounces and one half, or thirteen ounces per overflow all parts of the earth, even the highest running yard. It is always tweeled and certainly Inountains. By the rapidity, of such an irresistable owes a great part of its strength to the tweel. It is torrent, every thing on the surface of the earth, made out of the coarsest wooled breeds of sheep in even the hills and mountains would be torn to pie England, after the long wool fit for combing and ces; marine shells, bones, &c. would be swept from stuffs, is taken out of the heavy fleeces. Hence the the bottom of the oceans and scattered promiscu- cost of good strong kerseys in England, white and ously over the earth, even on the top of the moun- undyed, is as low as forty-five shilling sterling for a tains that now are. A like tide would also be piece, which is called thirty, and will measure raised in the atmosphere which would be carried twenty-nine yards; that is eighteen pence and three round the earth with the force of a continual hurri-fifths sterling, or about thirty four cents and one cane. This would occasion incessant rain; and half. This article, white kersey, makes excellent the continual clouds would prevent Noah and his military vests and overalls and is peculiarly acceptafamily from discovering the immediate cause of the ble to armies. When dyed drab, blue, brown, &c. flood, admitting it to be occasioned by a comet. it is equally good for working people, seamen, The comet of 1680, in that part of its orbit which fishermen &c. It ought never to be forgotten that is nearest the sun, it is computed, flies with the the specie price of the Lincolnshire, English, wool amazing velocity of 880 thousand miles in an hour. is about one sixth of a dollar there, and that after Is it not then highly probable that this comet might taking out for the comb the wool that will not card, pass so near the earth, as to produce all their phenothe rest is kept for kerseys and blankets. Hence mena, and yet its amazing swiftnes, resisting their England leads the world in the coarse woolen manumutual attraction, be sufficient to bear it off again facture and commerce. This point has escaped the in its orbit? It might, however, make a considera-emperor of France in his energetic Merino plan.-ble change in the figure of its orbit and the period He is in real danger of rendering his woolen branch too fine and costly. The comparative utility of the I should be much gratified to see the foregoing two kinds of wool is evinced by the fact, that the subject ably treated of; and hope some of your cor British do not manufacture of Spanish and Hererespondents will offer the numerous readers of the ford and South Down (the finer classes of) wool, Weekly Register" such thoughts upon the subject one fourth part of their whole quantity. Very as it requires; and examine the hypothesis here much of the cloths of these are used in the United advanced, respecting the influence of comets upon other bodies, and if not well founded, explode it.The writer is more concerned to know the truth, than maintain his opinion, if not correct. Chilicothe, Feb. 26 1812. of its return. URANIA. Domestic Manufactures, &c. NOTES ON WOOL AND KERSEY. Kingdom, and in their various colonies. Their foreign trade rests but very little on these finest wools and cloths. Their great shipments to foreign countries are in "worsted stuffs" of combed wool and in woolen cloths, plains, coatings, kerseys, bockings, draperies, kendalls, flannels, lion skins, carpets, blankets and other goods of carded wool, from the heavy fleeced and long wooled sheep of the Lincolnshire, Tees water, Leicestershire, South Hams, (Devon :) Cotteswold (Gloucestershire) and Kentish flocks, and from various other flocks or breeds that do not bear fine wool. The last paper treated of the twilled three point Woolen blankets. It may be useful to add, that it is certain, that if a parcel of wool were collected in The great object, at present, in the U. States is the United Sates no better than the worst fourth part the utmost economy of our wool. It is therefore sugof theerage quality of our native fleeces (unim-gested and submitted, that every thing for service, should be tweeled or twilled, for strength and dura+ It is a well known fact, that shells, bone, and tion. The kersey is a peculiarly important examother marine substances have been found in the ple. Cotton and leathern substitutes for woolens bowels of the earth, several hundred miles from are well worthy of attention, and ought to be used. any ocean. These facts, not having yet, I believe, The size of yarn for the chain and filling of kersey been satisfactorily accounted for. would be an argu-(and so of blankets) can be exactly settled by exment of some weight in favor of Dr. Halley's hypo-mining a piece of narrow, or three quarter Engthesis. lish kersey. This sort is always single folded, ne ver double folded. The English double fold ker-name who have acquired so much celebrity by their seys are dressed like coatings for surtouts. They academy for the instruction of the deaf and dumb, are valuable, but are not here meant. It is the proper originally established at Edinburgh, but now at narrow kersey, which requires very little dressing. London. The object of Mr. Braidwood's visit, They are stretched on tenter hooks to dry, or for we are informed, is to effect the institution of a stoving with brimstone, in which manner the nicest similar academy in this country, and every patriot and best for military dress are often finished in the and philanthropist must second so useful and honorwhite. For that purpose the wool should be made fable an undertaking. The individuals, who will be quite clean by picking and washing. benefited by such an institution, are peculiarly deIt is remarked of kerseys that the filling or weft serving of commisseration; and though we may should be considerably larger than the chain or justly boast that the hardy offspring of our countrywarp. One side is always better covered than the men are less defective in their organization than other. That should be made the right side, and the natives of more luxurious nations, in spite of the goods require only to be stretched and pressed. the flimsy aspersions of Buffon, yet nature even in It may be useful to remark here, that it is com-America has deprived many human beings of the puted in England, that rather more than one-third two important faculties of receiving and communiof their whole wool is adapted to the comb, and cating knowledge, which the labors of Mr. Braidtherefore not fit to card without chopping But wood are calculated to restore. As a proof of the this operation is very easy. high estimation entertained for Mr. Braidwood's The prospect of the United States, as to sheep, academy in Great Britain, we extract a passage many be inferred from the fact, that the lowest from Pennant's tour through Scotland in 1772, average estimate for the whole kingdom of Eng-vol. 3, page 256. land with Wales, is twenty six sheep to every quan- "On returning into the city, I called at Mr. tity of thirty three acres and one third of land, rich Braidwood's Academy of Deaf and Dumb. This and barren, vale, plain and mountain. extraordinary professor had under his care a num Apprehension reaches us by the grosser senses they see our words, and our uttered thoughts to Our ideas expressed come to them visible. 1, ed 18 It is a duty and it is sound policy always to bear a ber of young persons, who had received the Prodecided testimony in favor of those respectable methean heat, the divine inflatus, but from the uncitizens of the United States, who have taken happy construction of their organs, were (until successful pains to introduce into our country the they received his instruction) denied the power of very valuable Merino breed of sheep from Spain utterance: every idea was locked up, or appeared and Portugal. No manufacture has progressed but in their eyes, or at their fingers' ends, till their here with such rapidity as that of fine broad cloths. master instructed them in arts unknown to us, whe The Merino breeders have justly a high credit for have the faculty of hearing. their intelligence and exertions, in extending their success to that nice and curious manufacture. There appears in the United States a redundancy their eyes recei of young men, collegeately educated in the arts and speech, strike their ears in vain ; sciences, and of the classes, which usually apply to them as they part from our lips; they conceive It is a intuition, and speak by imitation. divinity, medicine, law and commerce. a Mr. Braidwood first teaches them the letters a truth, that a knowledge of the arts and sciences, is extremely valuable as a preparative and an accompa- their powers, and the ideas of words written, nyment to an intelligent apprenticeship to manufac ginning with the most simple; the art of speaki tures. Mechanism, chemistry, metallurgy, hydrau- is taken from the motion of the lips, his words 1° lics, geometry, mensuration, pheumatics, the meing uttered slowly and distinctly. When I enter chanic powers, natural history, &c. &c. are very the room, and found myself surrounded with nur useful, and almost necessary in the great manufacbers of human forms, so oddly circumstanced, turing establishments, which enrich Europe. The felt a sort of anxiety, such as I might be supposed powerful Lavoisier was placed at the head of that to feel had I been environed by another order of bemanufacture of France, which now governs Europe ings. I was soon relieved by being introduced to -The art of making gunpowder. The good and a most angelic young creature, of about the age of scientific Priestley poured a gratuitous flood of thirteen. She honored me with her new acquired light upon the metalic manufactures, which have conversation; but I may truly say, I could scarceenriched Birmingham. The mechanical talents of ly bear the power of her eyes; she looked me Arkwright, Bolton, Watt and others, informed by through and through. .te e She soon satisfied me that nature or in the schools, have rendered the world she was an apt scholar; she readily apprehended tributary to Britain. It is observed with great satis-all I said, and returned answers with the utmost faction that many of our younger citizens of the facility. She read, she wrote well; her reading most respectable connexions, have recently applied was not by note; she could clothe the same thoughts themselves to the manufacturing branches, and it in a new set of words, and never vary from the ori is suggested, on much consideration, that it may ginal sense. be well for themselves and for our country, if a I left Mr. Braidwood, and his pupils, with the number of our best educated, best connected and satisfaction that must result from a reflection on best endowed young men should turn their earliest the utility of his art, and the merits of his labors, attention, in the character of apprentices to the own who, after receiving under his care a being that ers of respectable establishments, to the manufactur seemed to be merely endowed with a human form, ing department of our trade and commerce. could produce the divine particula aura (latent, and [Dem. Press. but for his skill condemned to be ever latent in it ;) and who could restore a child to its glad parents, with a capacity of exerting its rational, powers, by expressing sounds of duty, love, and affection." Notice is also taken of the advantage and success It is with great pleasure we announce to the public the arrival in this country of Mr. John of Mr. Braidwood's Academy by Dr. Johnson in Braidwood, a relative of the gentlemen of that this tour to the Hebrides, and by lord Monboddo in The Deaf and Dumb. |