Major's reading, and might, the next Sunday, have deserted to the methodists by dozens, rank and file. The Major and we, however, should have entertained all due contempt for the taste and opinion of the rabble, the very dregs of the people.

Throughout the Major's pamphlets, especially the two latter ones, there is a most laborious effort to flatter and coax the clergy and other members of the established church, while an equal toil is sustained to bury alive all sectaries, and the missionaries as sectaries, under as large a heap of abuse as this man's vulgar malice could accumulate. But really even in this last humble vocation he fails sadly. He is too sterile even to invent or vary terms and phrases of obloquy; and "madmen," and "illiterate bigots," with the addition of "hot-headed Calvinists," nearly circumscribe the reach and resources of his vocabulary. This fact might warn him, that he has now done nearly all he can do, and had better be content without afflicting his faculties with any further trial, since when a man fails in that thing which he is confessedly able to do best, it is all over with him as to the matter of talents. And as to the attempt to cajole the members of the established church, it will defeat itself, we should think; as all serious persons in that church, who may read the Major's pamphlets, will adopt the memorable words of the ancient, "What bad thing have we done, that has obtained us this man's praise?" But he will not leave them at a loss; he most fervently extols the church and its clergy for having scarcely ever made an effort to diffuse the gospel into heathen countries; while the hated sectaries, without the smallest view to their own interest, are forsaking their homes, parting from their friends, surrendering for ever all possibilities of ease, luxury, or wealth, and compassing sea and land to make proselytes. This is the most sagacious artifice by which it was ever attempted to wheedle the members of the establishment, and the choicest compliment ever paid to their Christian principles. But even if those Christian principles were as debased as he assumes, by extolling them on the ground of such merits and such a

contrast, he will find that the members of the church. are not so bereft of policy as to thank him for his compliments, or allow him to constitute himself their representative. They will be aware that nothing under heaven would have a more powerful and instantaneous effect to multiply dissenters, by driving conscientious men out of the church, than for the clergy and distinguished members of that church to suffer their principles to be identified, in the view of the public, with those of this unhappy man and his coadjutors. There may be some few clergymen who would not abscond from their congregations and their Christian connexions, from the ignominy of having been cited by him as coinciding with his notions and wishes; his friend the bishop of St. Asaph, of whom he asks, with an incomparably ludicrous simplicity, "was he a bigot or irreligious?" would no doubt, had he been living, have braved such disgrace; but the great majority of churchmen will feel it necessary to their characters, even if they do not to their consciences, to resist the attempt to brand them with the stigma of an alliance of principle with a man who abhors nothing on earth so much as the attempts of Christianity to extirpate the abominations of Paganism; and some of the more serious of them will be so confounded to find that their church must acknowledge such a man for one of its members, that as the only consolation for belonging to it they will attach themselves wholly to that evangelical section of it which he hates.

The missionaries are sectaries, and therefore totally unfit and disqualified, as a very large portion of these pamphlets is occupied in repeating, to teach Christianity, even if a mission were to be permitted in Hindostan. Now what is the meaning of all this? Does the unfortunate man really mean to say that the established church is infallible, and that too, while it is before his face that its members are unable to agree as to the purport of its articles, or to the extent of the obligation under which they are to be subscribed, and are indefinitely divided and opposed in their opinions, forming a political compact, for a temporal advantage, of religious parties

who are respectively schismatics in each other's estimation? If the infallibility of such a church, or indeed of any church, is an absurdity too gross for even this man to advance, where is the sense or decency of railing against sectaries? If the church may be wrong, the sectaries, or some of them, may be right; the authority for imputing error is perfectly equal on either side, and is no other than freedom of individual judgment, a freedom evidently not to be contravened but by demonstrated infallibility or the vilest tyranny. But perhaps the Major, forbearing to make any claim of infallibility for the established church, and any pretence of better natural faculties in the minds of its members than in those of the sectaries, will say, however, that the religious instructions and studies, from which churchmen form their theological opinions, are infinitely better adapted to give them a true knowledge of Christianity, and to prepare them to impart it to heathens, than those by which such men as Mr. Carey and his friends are qualified for that important office. How so? The profound and devout study of the Scriptures is confessedly the grand process for understanding religion, and the sedulous, and repeated, and varied, explication of them to persons under every diversity of circumstances, is the best imaginable discipline for acquiring the talent of instruction and persuasion; on this ground we may defy any church in Europe, whether established or schismatical, to supply more accomplished missionaries than Mr. Carey and several of his friends,-men whose biblical labours are prosecuted with an ardour which threatens our pagans at home, and the Brahmins and the Bonzes of the East, with a translation of the bible into every language of Asia in the course of a few years, and who at the same time have preached more in a twelvemonth than perhaps any of the dignitaries of any establishment in Europe. And pray what does the sapience of our Major imagine it likely that the subscription to Thirty-nine Articles, and the imposed hand of a prelate, could have added to men like these; and which of the Christian doctrines have they failed to understand or explain, for

want of these momentous pre-requisites? But it is not the essential endowments of the men that the Major would care about, if he could permit any mission at all to Hindostan. The only question with him would be, whether they had passed through certain formalities of mere human and political appointment, and declared themselves members of a certain ecclesiastical corporation, or whether they acted simply as men to whom heaven has given understanding and the New Testament, and who can acknowledge no other authority in religion. If the latter, not all the virtue and learning of Carey could obtain license or toleration; if the former, the men would do perfectly well, though their qualifications should reach no further than the ability of reading, like the Major when he was chaplain, a number of printed prayers and sermons. He has no idea of religion, as a thing which exists, and can be taught, independently of the appointments of the state; and when its conveyance to a foreign country is the subject in 'question, the only view in which his unfortunate understanding is capable of regarding it, is that of an article of commerce, under the distinction of lawful and contraband. The exportation of Christianity from England in any other than English bottoms, and by any other than persons of the established church, is to be considered, he thinks, as a branch of the smuggling trade, and ought to be prohibited or punished accordingly. This really appears to be the whole extent of any conception that he has on the subject; so that when he says, (Reply, p. 80,) that Messrs. Carey and Thomas "were smuggled out to India," (he writes it in Italics) and when he somewhere applies the same term to the sending of a missionary to Buenos Ayres, he really does not seem to wish to be understood as adopting a figurative expression.

His anger at this last transaction breaks out afresh in each successive pamphlet; and he takes the trouble to say over again, that it was a violation of the articles of capitulation, which engaged to the inhabitants of Buenos Ayres the free exercise of their religion. It would be hopeless to repeat to such a besotted understanding, that

freedom is violated by nothing but coercion. But why does he not say again, what he said in the preface to his Observations, that "the universal hatred of which the General and Admiral complain, is more likely to have been caused from the folly of sending out a Protestant Missionary than by any other circumstance?" (preface, p. lxx.) This vile absurdity was at first safely left to itself, in the absence of public and official documents respecting the circumstances in South America; but some of our readers will have observed, in reading the Report of General Whitelocke's trial, that General Čraufurd and Colonel Pack asserted the extreme irritation of the natives to have arisen from reported cruelties committed by the British.

It were easy, but very useless, to employ many pages more in exposing the folly and depravity exhibited in this pamphlet. We will dismiss it by applauding the honesty of one particular part, which would reveal the main principle of all that this man has written on the present question, if that principle had not already been sufficiently apparent; he praises and recommends, without any hint whatever of exception, the pamphlet called "A Vindication of the Hindoos," which pamphlet is no less than a downright and most vulgar and impudent defence of the collective abominations of the heathenism of Hindostan. We are glad to see these men reciprocally adopting one another as congenial friends in the same cause. Mr. Twining, in his second edition, referred with approbation to Major Scott Waring. Major Scott Waring referred with complacency and approbation to Mr. Twining and his production; the Vindicator of the Hindoos cited the Major as his ally, and now the league is completed by the Major's applauding reference to the Vindicator. As if desperate both of his cause and his character, he has even claimed the "Barrister" as an associate.