DOWNS, SOLOMON U., of Louisiana, beaten for Vice-President in Democratic Convention, American nominee for President in 1856.. Indorsed by Whig National Convention in 1856. His views on Slavery-Buffalo Letter of 1838, His Letter to New-York Union Meeting, 1860.. FITZPATRICK, BENJAMIN, of Alabama, beaten for Vice-President in Democratic Convention of His views on Slavery-His "Knapsack" Speech in Congress-Replies of Messrs. Mitchell, Ran dolph and Cambreleng-Mr. Everett on Geo- graphical Parties-Later Views on Slavery, His Acceptance of the Nomination for Vice- President of the United States.. His views on the Sumner Outrage. ELLMAKER, AMOS, of Pennsylvania, Anti- Masonic candidate for Vice-President, 1832..... ELECTION RETURNS IN DETAIL, of all the Presidential Elections since 1836.. 66 Governor, Congress, etc. 1859 248 FREE HOMESTEADS--Action of Congress on granting free Homesteads to actual settlers.. Vetoed by the President.. 66 245 HARRISON, Gen. WILLIAM H., of Ohio, nom- inated and defeated for President in 1836. 12 JOHNSON, ANDREW, of Tennessee, supported JOHNSON, HERSCHEL V., of Georgia, beaten for Vice-President in Democratic National Conven- Nominated for Vice-President by Democratic Speech on Slavery in the Territories in 1848 Nominated and elected Vice-President in 1836.. JOHNSON, WILLIAM COST, of Maryland, Pre- JULIAN, GEORGE W., of Indiana, Free De- KILLINGER, JOHN W., of Pennsylvania, offers an Anti-Slavery resolve in the American KING, LEICESTER, of Ohio, President of Lib- erty Party National Convention, 1843.. KING, WILLIAM R., of Alabama, beaten for Vice-President in Democratic Convention of Democratic nominee for Vice-President in 1852. Elected Vice-President in 1852.. ANE, Col. HENRY S., of Indiana, Presi- dent of the Republican National Convention, 1856. ANE, Gen. JOSEPH, of Oregon, beaten for President in Democratic National Convention, Nominated for Vice-President by Seceders at LAW, GEORGE, of New-York, defeated for President in American National Convention, 1856. LAWRENCE, ABBOTT, of Massachusetts, de- feated for Vice-President in Whig Convention, 1848. LEAKE, SHELTON F., of Virginia, for Disso- LEE, HENRY, of Massachusetts, supported by South Carolina for Vice-President, 1882...... LEMOYNE, FRANCIS J., of Pennsylvania, Abolition candidate for Vice-President, 1840...... LETCHER, JOHN (Governor of Virginia), LIBERTY PARTY NATIONAL CONVENTION held LINCOLN, ABRAHAM, of Illinois, defeated for Vice-President in Republican Convention, 1856... Nominated for President by Republican Conven- Speech at Springfield, Ill., June 17, 1858 Discussion with Mr. Douglas at Freeport, Ill.. Speech at Cooper Institute, New-York, 1860.. Letter to Boston Committee on the Jefferson Birthday Festival; Letter to Dr. Canisius on Accepts nomination for Presidency. LUCAS, Gen. ROBERT, President first Demo- cratic National Convention..... MADISON, JAMES, of Virginia, elected Presi- dent 1808, and reëlected in 1812.. MAINE DEMOCRACY FOR THE WILMOT PRO- MANGUM, WILLIE P., of North Carolina, sup- ported by South-Carolina for President in 1836... MITCHELL, JAMES C., of Tennessee, against "MONROE DOCTRINE."-Extract from the Message of James Monroe on the influence of European Powers on this Continent...... Democratic National Platform, 1848.. Buffalo Free Soil Platform, 1848... Whig National Platform, 1852.. Democratic National Platform, 1852.. Free Democratic Platform, 1852.. Republican National Platform, 1856. American National Platform, 1856. Democratic National Platform, 1856. Whig National Platform, 1856.. Republican National Platform, 1860. Constitutional Union Party Platform, 1860... Democratic (Douglas) Platform of 1860... Addition thereto by Baltimore Convention.. Seceders' Platform adopted at Charleston.. No Platform adopted by second Democratic Convention; no Platform adopted by Whig Convention at Harrisburg, 1839; First Demo- Slavery Restriction proposed by Gen. James Tallmadge of N. Y.; Proposition sustained by POLK, JAMES K., of Tennessee, nominated for and elected President, 1844. POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY IN THE TERRITORIES, invented by Gen. Lewis Cass, in his Nicholson PROHIBITION OF SLAVERY IN THE TERRITO- QUITMAN, Gen. JOHN A., of Mississippi, beaten for Vice-President in Democratic Conven- Beaten for Vice-President in Democratic Con- RANDOLPH, JOHN, of Virginia, on Everett, 204 RAYNOR KENNETH, of North Carolina, de- feated for President in American Convention, REPUBLICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION, 1856 22 RUSK, Gen. THOMAS J., of Texas, beaten SCOTT, Gen. WINFIELD, of New-York, de- 173 Annexation carried in Senate, 26 to 25; The The Clayton Compromise; Mr. J. M. Root's Re- solve for Slavery Restriction; Proposition of Proposition of Mr. Richard W. Thompson, of Ind.; Slavery excluded from Oregon Terri- Mr. Douglas, of Illinois, proposes to extend the Senate agrees, but House refuses; The Compro- mise of 1550; Gen. Taylor's recommenda- tions; Gen. Sam Houston's proposition; Hen- ry Clay's plan of Compromise; John Bell's Ditto by Jefferson Davis of Miss.; Mr. Clay in reply; Messrs. Downs of La., King of Ala., 84 Mr. Buchanan's special Lecompton Message.. Provisions of Lecompton Constitution respecting The Lecompton bill; Passed in the Senate, but defeated in the House; The Crittenden-Mont- Yeas and Nays on adopting substitute. Senate refuses to concur; Mr. English moves a Conference Committee; Carried by the Speak- er's casting vote; The English Compromise Carried through both Houses; The Wyandot Mr. Grow proposes, and the House votes to ad- SLAVE-TRADE ADVOCATED in Democratic National Convention by Mr. Gaulden, of Georgia. Also by Governor Adams, of S. C., in Message to SPENCER, AMBROSE, of New-York, Presi- dent Whig National Convention, 1844......... SPENCER, JOHN C., of New-York, Presi- dent Anti-Masonic National Convention ...... STEVENSON, ANDREW, of Virginia, Presi- dent Second Democratic National Convention.... Ditto, President National Democratic Conven- STRANGE, ROBERT, of North Carolina, beaten SUMNER, CHARLES, of Massachusetts, de- Opinions of John Taylor of Caroline, Va., John t t A POLITICAL TEXT-BOOK FOR 1860. NATIONAL CAUCUSES, CONVENTIONS, AND PLATFORMS. a potent influence over such questions, being, on this occasion, unable to agree as to which of her favored sons should have the preference. Ninety-four of the 136 Republican members of Congress attended this caucus, and declared their preference of Mr. Madison, who received 83 votes, the remaining 11 being divided between Mr. Monroe and George Clinton. The Opposition supported Mr. Pinckney; but Mr. Madison was elected by a large majority. NATIONAL Conventions for the nomination of candidates are of comparatively recent origin. In the earlier political history of the United States, under the Federal Constitution, candidates for President and Vice-President were nominated by congressional and legislative caucuses. Washington was elected as first President under the Constitution, and reëlected for a second term by a unanimous, or nearly unanimous, concurrence of the American people; but an opposition party gradually grew up in Toward the close of Mr. Madison's earlier Congress, which became formidable during his term, he was nominated for reëlection by a second term, and which ultimately crystalized Congressional Caucus held at Washington, in into what was then called the Republican May, 1812. In September of the same year, a party. John Adams, of Massachusetts, was convention of the Opposition, representing prominent among the leading Federalists, while eleven States, was held in the city of NewThomas Jefferson, of Virginia, was preemi-York, which nominated De Witt Clinton, of nently the author and oracle of the Republican party, and, by common consent, they were the opposing candidates for the Presidency, on Washington's retirement in 1796-7. Mr. Adams was then chosen President, while Mr. Jefferson, having the largest electoral vote next to Mr. A., became Vice-President. New-York, for President. He was also put in nomination by the Republican Legislature of New-York. The ensuing canvass resulted in the reëlection of Mr. Madison, who received 128 electoral votes to 89 for De Witt Clinton. In 1816, the Republican Congressional Caucus nominated James Monroe, who received, in the caucus, 65 votes to 54 for Wm. H. Crawford, of Georgia. The Opposition, or Federalists, named Rufus King, of New-York, who receiveȧ only 34 electoral votes out of 217. There was no opposition to the reëlection of Mr. Monroe in 1820, a single (Republican) vote being cast against him, and for John Quincy Adams. In 1824, the Republican party could not be induced to abide by the decision of a Congressional Caucus. A large majority of the Republican members formally refused to participate The first Congressional Caucus to nominate candidates for President and Vice-President, is said to have been held in Philadelphia in the year 1800, and to have nominated Mr. Jefferson for the first office, and Aaron Burr for the second. These candidates were elected after a desperate struggle, beating John Adams and Charles C. Pinckney, of South Carolina. In 1804, Mr. Jefferson was reëlected President, with George Clinton, of New-York, for Vice, encountering but slight opposition: Messrs. Charles C. Pinckney and Rufus King, the op-in such a gathering, or be governed by its deciposing candidates, receiving only 14 out of 176 Electoral Votes. We have been unable to find any record as to the manner of their nomination. In January, 1808, when Mr. Jefferson's second term was about to close, a Republican Congressional Caucus was held at Washington, o decide as to the relative claims of Madison nd Monroe for the succession, the Legislaure of Virginia, which had been said to exert sion; still, a Caucus was called and attended by the friends of Mr. Crawford alone. Of the 261 members of Congress at this time, 216 were Democrats or Republicans, yet only 66 responded to their names at roll-call, 64 of whom voted for Mr. Crawford as the Republican nominee for President. This nomination was very extensively repudiated throughout the country, and three competing Republican candidates |