Alfieri's.

She died at Florence on the 29th of January, 1824, and her remains were laid in the same grave with those of Alfieri. Her fortune she bequeathed to Fabre, who, in his turn, left his valuable museum to his native city, Montpellier.

The Cardinal d'York, in the course of a long life, attained to a number of ecclesiastical dignities. He became Bishop of Ostia, Velletri, and Frascati, Vice Chancellor of the Roman Church, and Archpriest of the Basilica of the Vatican. From the King of France he received the wealthy abbeys of Anchin, St. Amand, &c. Like his father and grandfather, the Cardinal is said to have thanked God for depriving him of three kingdoms; but this pious humility harmonised little with the conduct which he observed on his brother's death. According to the principles of legitimacy, the Cardinal had undoubtedly become the rightful king of Great Britain and Ireland, and, according to the precedents of the Roman hierarchy, he ought to have resigned the cardinal's hat, or his claims to the British crown. He resigned neither. On the contrary, he caused a medal to be struck, bearing his bust, with the inscription "Henricus IX. Magn.

Brit. Franciae et Hibern. Rex Fid. Def. Card. Ep. Tusc." On the reverse is seen Religion with a Bible and Cross in her hands, and a lion, a crown, and a cardinal's hat at her feet. In the distance is seen the Church of St. Peter, and the whole is encircled with the motto "Non desideriis hominum, sed voluntate Dei." The medal bears the date of 1788. In his own house the Cardinal insisted upon a strict observance of all the etiquette usual in the residence of a reigning sovereign-a rule with which even a son of George III. was obliged to comply, when curiosity induced him to seek an interview. By his will, the Cardinal expressly required that his kingly title should be graven on his tomb, and his rights to the British throne he solemnly bequeathed to Victor Emanuel, King of Sardinia, who was constrained to renounce his own sovereignty in 1821.

The Cardinal did not, however, refuse to accept a pension of 4000l. from the British government. He enjoyed it from 1799 till his death; but he received it ostensibly in consideration of a debt claimed by Maria d'Este, the consort of James II., and secured to her by the terms of the peace of Ryswick. His Spanish pension was withdrawn

from him, and the revenues of his French abbeys were confiscated during the course of the revolution. The closing years of his life were marked by other trials. To assist Pius VI. during his reverses, the Cardinal d'York sold all his jewels, including a ruby valued at 50,000 louis-d'or. Old and poor, he was obliged to flee from Rome in 1798 with his brother cardinals, and sought refuge in Venice, whence, however, he was allowed to return to Rome in 1801. He died at Frascati, on the 13th of July, 1807. The papers of his family he bequeathed to the British government, in acknowledgment of the pension which alone had secured him against penury during the last few years of his life.* With the death of Henry of

* These papers are at present in the custody of the Queen's librarian, and all access to them is denied to those who might be desirous to search among them for facts likely to throw a light on the annals of the exiled dynasty. The motive for this exclusion is not known to us. The papers have, however, been partially examined by favoured individuals, among whom may be mentioned Lord Mahon, who has published a portion of the family correspondence, the greater part of which has been incorporated with the present work.

[The author seems not to have been aware that it was from these papers, while deposited in Carlton House, that a life of James II. was, by command of George IV., then Prince Regent, collected by his librarian, the Rev. James Stanier Clarke, from memoirs written by James's own hand, and published in two quarto volumes.-EDITOR].

York, the direct line of the Stuarts finally became extinct.*

On a

Thirty-one years after the death of Charles, George IV., then Prince Regent, caused a stately monument from the chisel of Canova to be erected under the dome of St. Peter's, at Rome. bas-relief, executed in white marble, are represented the likenesses of James, Charles, and Henry, with the following inscription :

JACOBO III., JACOBI II., MAGN. BRIT. REGIS FILIO,

CAROLO EDUARDO ET HENRICO, DECANO

PATRUM CARDINALIUM, JACOBI III. FILIIS,

REGIAE STIRPIS STUARDIAE POSTREMIS

ANNO MDCCCXIX.

BEATI MORTUI QUI IN DOMINO MORIUNTUR.

*For further particulars of the Cardinal, see Appendix, No. V.