Conduct of the war with Scotland-Battle of Pinkey— A parliament-Farther progress of the reformation— Affairs of Scotland-Young queen of Scots sent into France-Cabals of lord Seymour-Dudley earl of Discontents of the people Insurrections-Conduct of the war with Scotland-with France-Factions in the council--Conspiracy against Somerset--Somerset re- signs the protectorship-A parliament-Peace with France and Scotland-Boulogne surrendered-Perse- cution of Gardiner-Warwic created duke of North- umberland-His ambition-Trial of Somerset-His CHAP. XXXVII. Reasons for and against toleration-Persecutions-A par- Page 405 THE THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. HENRY VIII. CHAP. XXVIII. Wolsey's administration-Scotch affairs-Progress of Francis I.-Jealousy of Henry-Tournay delivered to France-Wolsey appointed legate-His manner of exercising that office-Death of the emperor Maximilian-Charles king of Spain chosen emperor -Interview between Henry and Francis near Calais -The emperor Charles arrives in England-Mediation of Henry-Trial and condemnation of the duke of Buckingham. THE XXVIII. HE numerous enemies whom Wolsey's sud- CHAP. den elevation, his aspiring character, and his haughty deportment had raised him, served only 1515. to rivet him faster in Henry's confidence; who va administra Wolsey's lued himself on supporting the choice which he had tion. VOL. IV. В made, XXVIII. CHA P. made, and who was incapable of yielding either to the murmurs of the people, or to the discontents of 1515. the great. That artful prelate, likewise, well acquainted with the king's imperious temper, concealed from him the absolute ascendant which he had acquired; and while he secretly directed all public councils, he ever pretended a blind submission to the will and authority of his master. By entering into the king's pleasures, he preserved his affection; by conducting his business, he gratified his indolence; and by his unlimited complaisance in both capacities, he prevented all that jealousy to which his exorbitant acquisitions, and his splendid ostentatious train of life, should naturally have given birth. The archbishopric of York falling vacant by the death of Bambridge, Wolsey was promoted to that see, and resigned the bishopric of Lincoln. Besides enjoying the administration of Tournay, he got possession, on easy leases, of the revenues of Bath, Worcester, and Hereford, bishoprics filled by Italians, who were allowed to reside abroad, and who were glad to compound for this indulgence, by yielding a considerable share of their income. He held in commendam the abbey of St. Alban's, and many other church preferments. He was even allowed to unite with the see of York, first that of Durham, next that of Winchester; and there seemed to be no end of his acquisitions. His farther advancement in ecclesiastical dignity served him as a pretence for engrossing still more revenues: The pope, observing his great influence over the king, was desirous of engaging him in his interests, and created him a cardinal. No churchman, under colour of exacting respect to religion, ever carried to a greater height the state and dignity of that character. His train consisted of eight hundred servants, of whom many were knights and gentlemen: Some even of the nobility put their children into his family 3 |