coveries filly to the public, but without much suc- DESCRIPTION OF BOILERS THAT CANNOT BE EXPLODED. cess. I published in the year 1805 a laborous and I construct my steam engines, in every part that difficult new work (produced by long intense study) holds the elastic steam, of a true circular form on this new and abstruse subject, describing and which form the elastic power has no tendency to demonstrating those principles, and directing their change, the stress or pull being as fair as that of a application to mills and also to boats, by means of weight suspended at the end of a walking stick, the very paddle wheels since adopted, which mode perpendicularly, to pull it endwise; this form will of application I had conceived or understood well hold steam of more than one hundred times the for about thirty years before. This book entitled elasticity that any other form will bear. For the The Young Steam Engineer's Guide,' I gave gratis to whole elastic power, in a boiler of any other form many, but sold very few; it contained also rules for tends to change it to a circular form just as certain calculating, and tables of the proper thickness of as blowing a bladder brings it to a round form, and iron for boilers of various diameters, necessary to in this change to break it, and produces a great hoid the power with safety, and of the proper dia explosion, being on the weak principle of suspendmeter and length of the working cylinder for en-ing a weight on the middle of a walking stick, laid gines of the various powers, and directions for horizontally, to bend it. making them, to propel boats against the current My cylindric boilers, fifteen inches diameter, of the river Mississippi, and the result of an expe- with the ends closed with half globes, will hold riment on the river Delaware with a steam engine about 1300 pounds pressure to the inch area of its in a flat, which was propelled by a paddle wheel, inner surface; if 20 inches diameter about 1000; if ascending the river against a head wind, leaving 30 inches 700 pounds, and if 60 inches diameter all the vessels then beating up behind it. This was they will bear about 350 pounds, when constructed in 1804. It contained every thing necessary for a with wrought iron sheets, one quarter of an inch steam engineer to know to enable him to construct thick, strongly riveted together, and that with as a perfectly safe steam boat, on my principles, which much safety as any other form will bear ten pounds book the public certainly had the full perusal of to the inch; double the diameters will hold but when the first successful steam boats were put in half the power. But further, in my cylindric boilers operation. To it I now refer; it is to be seen in the the stress to make them yield is equal in every Philadelphia library. But I soon discovered that part, and because it is impossible for any workman the force of habi: and attachment to Watt and Bol to construct such a boiler to be equal in strength in ton's inferior engine (it being afterwards adopted) all its parts, but that some part or rivet of a thou would prevent my discovery from being used in sand will be weaker than the rest, and yield first boats until dire necessity should compel its adoption. by a small opening to let the power escape inside This ponderous, feeble, and dangerous engine, pre-the furnace, and steam enough to extinguish the vailed in boats, while the light, simple and powerful fire; thus the operation of the engine itself stops engine, consuming only half the fuel, prevailed on all danger. That this will be the case 999 times the land; an absurdity scarcely credible. out of a 1000 instances where such boiler may be I have since endeavored to divulge my princ made to yield to the gradual, irresistible power, ples and discoveries by many publications in news.we can have but little doubt, as there have been papers, but these circulated no further than I paid. [hundreds of instances of such yielding already, with This country has been too long deprived of the boilers which have been rusted or burnt out until benefits of my discovery. It has been doomed to they yield so often that they have been removed to work its way slowly by its own intrinsic merits, give place to new ones. That we may safely conagainst the opinion of self interested persons, speak-clude and say, that it has been proved in practice, ing loudly against it, without knowledge of the that these boilers cannot be exploded to do any serious principle, for those who understand its principle injury, not to such a degree as to force through and merits speak in its favor. Editors of newspa-the furnace walls of a mill, and much less to force pears should give currency to arguments and de- through the sheet iron covering of the boiler in monstrations in its favor, as well as unfounded the steam boat Etna, by the elastic power of steam, assertions against, the use of the elastic power of that always rises gradually, giving time for the steam, as an agent to produce mechanical effects, weakest part to yield. If it instantaneously rose that a fair contrast may be laid before the public, like gunpowder, the effect would be quite difthat it may appear clear where the danger exists. ferent. Idefy contradiction, or any person to explode When the danger will be found to rest entirely one of my boilers by steam. with what is now called the low pressure, Watt Now cannot any steam engineer make a perfect est power he ever intends to use, say three pounds LX. pounds to the inch with safety, just as far as he In this pursuit it has been my good fortune to wishes to put my principle in operation, to save ex- succeed so far as to indulge a confidence that pence, or lessen the weight, or the consumption of upon the more satisfactory tests of works upon a fuel! The less the pressure he uses the slower will large scale, and a reasonable term of time for expebe the speed of his boat, but the people will believe rience, there can be nothing discovered of more imit is the safer; but with any other than a circular portance to the construction of durable foundations form of boiler he can obtain no safety, because he either under fresh waters or those of the sea, than cannot prevent the steam from rising in two or those certain minerals that I take the liberty of three minutes to a pressure that will explode his transmitting to you herewith. These will be found boiler, in case the valve be not lifted to let the in two stone pots to your address-One of them steam escape. But with my boiler, while he works contains a powder which I conceive to possess the a condensing engine with three pounds, he may still properties of Puzzolana, or the cellular basalt of load his locked valve at 150 pounds, and then the Dr. Rees; the other is a lime produced from certain fire will burn down after the engine stops, before concretions of lime, clay and other matters found the pressure will rise from 3 to 150 pounds to lift on the banks of York river, near to the town of Litthe valve, and he may hold his steam from evening the York. These jagged and very various irregular to morning, and then start with great power, even sized (apparently) rocks seem to have been formed before he has a spark of fire kindled in his furnace, a little below the adjacent land, and to have tumband thus he may save his fuel, and never let his led from them as the washings of the tides have steam go. How striking is the contrast! A remov-worn them down; for many fragments or distinet mas al from the brink of destruction to perfect safety. ses are seen pendant from their beds. The quantity If the editors of newspapers will give currency is very extensive; and, from some parts of the san e to this one publication, every steam engineer who banks, the vertebra and other bones of some huge may read it, may know how to make steam-boats land or sea animal are found to have been dislodged more safe, than any other mode of travelling, and at likewise. This lime rock, upon being calcined, fuls much less expence than he can make the dangerous en- to an impalpable powder. It does not slack like gines now used. But I wish all to take notice, that other limes; on the contrary by the application of I have expended the greater part of a long and la. water as in slacking other times, the powder forms borious life, of arduous and intense study, to acquire itself into a mass, and coagulates by lying; and when the knowledge which I have communicated. To made into a paste, forming a plate of it, suspecting discover the principles, defray the expences of test it to dry, it assumes a stony or hard appearance, ing them and to secure my right by patent, and to which being immersed in water before it is quite establish extensive works to manufacture the steam dry too, it does not dissolve like paste made of other engines, both at Philadelphia and Pittsburg, to lime. supply the demand, that therefore by this publica- One of those pots aforesaid (the other) contains tion I do not mean to relinquish or impair any of a mixture of this lime powder and the powdered my vested and lawful rights, as a patentee, discover- basalt, in the proportion of lime two, basalt three, er and inventor. To the good people I submit the which from my experiments seems to be the most case; they will judge whether it will promote their perfect for terias mortar. They are to be reduced interest to support me. to a plastic state, by adding the smallest quantity of Any editor of a newspaper who may be the first water possible, and that by little and little, to aid to publish this in any city, in the United States the beating in rendering it tough. Observe this where steam-boats are used, and will send me a pa-rule-the more beating and the less water, the firmer per, I will enclose him five dollars, as a small com- the mortar. Hence you will perceive, sir, that my pensation for the insertion, as often as he may deem researches have been to the best chemical authori the public interest requires it, hoping however, that ties, as far as my simple capacity has enabled me all editors will give it one insertion for public good, to understand from Dr. Rees and some others upon for it may stop the useless expenditure of hundreds this subject. My acquirements and ability to inof thousands of dollars, and save many lives; but vestigate and to understand, are solely from exermy patience has been long since exhausted in pay-cising my practical knowledge and limited powers ing for publishing such information that was neither of mind; whilst I would most respectfully solicit read or regarded, which, although it was to pro- your enlightened aid to mature my purpose, and to mote my own interest, it was intended to save the stamp a character upon my inventions. owner of each steam boat, at least ten thousand dol lars, and perhaps the life of the reader. [Phila. Aug. 16.] OLIVER EVANS. Excellent Cement. Experiments shewing the progress made in discovering the materials for a water cement, among our domestic resources, in a letter to Dr. Mitchill from David Meade Randolph, esq. of Virginia, dated Richmond, 26th June, 1817. Two bricks were cemented on the 1st of this month with a mortar far less perfect than the above and instantly (while the mortar was soft) they were. placed in a basin of water, were they have remained ever since. The cement grows harder with time, as is very preceptible; and from the crust that is evidently formning on the surface, I am expecting a crop of Stalactites. You will readily perceive, sir, that if the inven. tion shall prove effectual, I am fairly entitled to a reasonable compensation, to be secured by a patent DEAR SIR-Among the great variety of useful in- or otherwise, and that your kind assistance in the ventions connected with the arts, as it has been promotion of my object would be gratifying in an lately my object to pursue and to have observed in eminent degree. In conclusion, sir, I pray you England, it was one of great importance in my would have the goodness to favor me with a reply; mind, to discover in this country something that for my apprehensions of having trespassed too far might answer an equally valuable purpose with the on your benignity can only be relieved by your favo famous "Dutch Terias," or Parker's "Roman Cerable reception of this appeal to your liberality, and ment," as it is now generally used in England and by such orders for a supply of the crude materials the West Indies for works under water and else as you shall be pleased to give your most respect. where situated. ful and humble servant. D. M. RANDOLPH. coveries filly to the public, but without much suc- DESCRIPTION OF BOILERS THAT CANNOT BE EXPLODED. cess, I published in the year 1805 a laborous and I construct my steam engines, in every part that difficult new work (produced by long intense study) holds the elastic steam, of a true circular form on this new and abstruse subject, describing and which form the elastic power has no tendency to demonstrating those principles, and directing their change, the stress or pull being as far as that of a application to mills and also to boats, by means of weight suspended at the end of a walking stick, the very paddle wheels since adopted, which mode perpendicularly, to pull it endwise; this form will of application I had conceived or understood well hold steam of more than one hundred times the for about thirty years before. This book entitled (elasticity that any other form will bear. For the The Young Steam Engineer's Guide,' I gave gratis to whole elastic power, in a boiler of any other form many, but sold very few; it contained also rules for tends to change it to a circular form just as certain calculating, and tables of the proper thickness of as blowing a bladder brings it to a round form, and iron for boilers of various diameters, necessary to in this change to break it, and produces a great hoid the power with safety, and of the proper dia explosion, being on the weak principle of suspendmeter and length of the working cylinder for en-ing a weight on the middle of a walking stick, laid gines of the various powers, and directions for horizontally, to bend it. making them, to propel boats against the current My cylindric boilers, fifteen inches diameter, of the river Mississippi, and the result of an expe with the ends closed with half globes, will hold riment on the river Delaware with a steam engine about 1300 pounds pressure to the inch area of its in a flat, which was propelled by a paddle wheel, inner surface; if 20 inches diameter about 1000; if ascending the river against a bead wind, leaving 30 inches 700 pounds, and if 60 inches diameter all the vessels then beating up behind it. This was they will bear about 350 pounds, when constructed in 1804. It contained every thing necessary for a with wrought iron sheets, one quarter of an inch steam engineer to know to enable him to construct thick, strongly riveted together, and that with as a perfectly safe steam boat, on my principles, which much safety as any other form will bear ten pounds book the public certainly had the full perusal of to the inch; double the diameters will hold but when the first successful steam boats were put in half the power. But further, in my cylindric boilers operation. To it I now refer; it is to be seen in the the stress to make them yield is equal in every Philadelphia library. But I soon discovered that part, and because it is impossible for any workman the force of habi: and attachment to Watt and Bol to construct such a boiler to be equal in strength in ton's inferior engine (it being afterwards adopted) all its parts, but that some part or rivet of a thouwould prevent my discovery from being used in sand will be weaker than the rest, and yield first boats until dire necessity should compel its adoption. [by a small opening to let the power escape inside This ponderous, feeble, and dangerous engine, pre-the furnace, and steam enough to extinguish the vailed in boats, while the light, simple and powerful fire; thus the operation of the engine itself stops engine, consuming only half the fuel, prevailed on all danger. That this will be the case 999 times the land; an absurdity scarcely credible. out of a 1000 instances where such boiler may be I have since endeavored to divulge my princi made to yield to the gradual, irresistible power, ples and discoveries by many publications in news.we can have but little doubt, as there have been papers, but these circulated no further than I paid. [hundreds of instances of such yielding already, with This country has been too long deprived of the boilers which have been rusted or burnt out until benefits of my discovery. It has been doomed to they yield so often that they have been removed to work its way slowly by its own intrinsic merits, give place to new ones. That we may safely conagainst the opinion of self interested persons, speak-clude and say, that it has been proved in practice, ing loudly against it, without knowledge of the that these boilers cannot be exploded to do any serious principle, for those who understand its principle injury, not to such a degree as to force through and merits speak in its favor. Editors of newspa- the furnace walls of a mill, and much less to force pears should give currency to arguments and de- through the sheet iron covering of the boiler in monstrations in its favor, as well as unfounded the steam boat Etna, by the elastic power of steam, assertions against, the use of the elastic power of that always rises gradually, giving time for the steam, as an agent to produce mechanical effects, weakest part to yield. If it instantaneously rose that a fair contrast may be laid before the public, like gunpowder, the effect would be quite difthat it may appear clear where the danger exists. ferent. Idefy contradiction, or any person to explode When the danger will be found to rest entirely one of my boilers by steam. with what is now called the low pressure, Watt Now cannot any steam engineer make a perfect and Bolton's condensing steam engines; but which safe steam-boat on these principles, so clearly exin fact, are now using a degree of high pressure dan-plained even to the common sense of all, by adoptgerous to be used in their boilers constructed on ing a cylindric boiler that will hold 1300, 1000, 700 wrong principies, in such a form as will not bear or even 350 pounds pressure to the inch area of its steam of any elasticity with safety, for they cannot inner surface, and equipping it with two self acting prevent the steam from rising in two or three safety valves (as I have done on board the Eina) that minutes to a degree of pressure that would explode one of them may be enclosed with a cover and locked, their boilers, which may be seen verified every time after it has been loaded and regulated to lift with the engine is stopped in its motion, to take in a certainty the instant the pressure rises to the greatpassenger, or the boat comes to a wharf, the safety valve is that moment lifted by a string to let the steam escape; if this was to be neglected in three minutes an explosion must take place. The lives of the passengers are entrusted to the care of the valve lifter! a person, perhaps, to whose care not one of them would be willing to trust their lives a moment, if they knew it!! These are the engines so highly recommended by those who do not understand the subject. est power he ever intends to use, say three pounds to the inch, if he chooses to work on the perfect Watt and Bolton's principle of condensing to form a vaocuum to obtain his power; if he chooses to work with the elastic power of high pressure to any degree, since he is now informed and convinced, that as the pressure is raised the speed of his boat will be increased, and the consumption of fuel may be lessened to one half, he may load his safety valve to lift at 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, 50, 100, 150 pounds to the inch with safety, just as far as he In this pursuit it has been my good fortune to wishes to put my principle in operation, to save ex-succeed so far as to indulge a confidence that pence, or lessen the weight, or the consumption of upon the more satisfactory tests of works upon a fel! The less the pressure he uses the slower will large scale, and a reasonable term of time for expe. be the speed of his boat, but the people will believe rience, there can be nothing discovered of more imit is the safer; but with any other than a circular portance to the construction of durable foundations form of boiler he can obtain no safety, because he either under fresh waters or those of the sea, than cannot prevent the steam from rising in two or those certain minerals that I take the liberty of three minutes to a pressure that will explode his transmitting to you herewith. These will be found boiler, in case the valve be not lifted to let the in two stone pots to your address-One of them steam escape. But with my boiler, while he works contains a powder which I conceive to possess the a condensing engine with three pounds, he may still properties of Pazzolana, or the cellular basalt of load his locked valve at 150 pounds, and then the Dr. Rees; the other is a lime produced from certain fire will burn down after the engine stops, before concretions of lime, clay and other matters found the pressure will rise from 3 to 150 pounds to lift on the banks of York river, near to the town of Litthe valve, and he may hold his steam from evening the York. These jagged and very various irregular to morning, and then start with great power, even sized (apparently) rocks seem to have been formed before he has a spark of fire kindled in his furnace, a little below the adjacent land, and to have tumband thus he may save his fuel, and never let his led from them as the washings of the tides have steam go. How striking is the contrast! A remov-worn them down; for many fragments or distinet mis al from the brink of destruction to perfect safety. ses are seen pendant from their beds. The quantity If the editors of newspapers will give currency is very extensive; and, from some parts of the san e to this one publication, every steam engineer who banks, the vertebra and other bones of some huge may read it, may know how to make steam-boats land or sea animal are found to have been dislodged more safe, than any other mode of travelling, and at likewise. This lime rock, upon being calcined, falls much less expence than he can make the dangerous en to an impalpable powder. It does not slack like gines now used. But I wish all to take notice, that other limes; on the contrary by the application of I have expended the greater part of a long and la. water as in slacking other limes, the powder forms borious life, of arduous and intense study, to acquire itself into a mass, and coagulates by lying; and when the knowledge which I have communicated. To made into a paste, forming a plate of it, suspecting discover the principles, defray the expences of test it to dry, it assumes a stony or hard appearance, ing them and to secure my right by patent, and to which being immersed in water before it is quite establish extensive works to manufacture the steam dry too, it does not dissolve like paste made of other engines, both at Philadelphia and Pittsburg, to lime. supply the demand, that therefore by this publica- One of those pots aforesaid (the other) contains tion I do not mean to relinquish or impair any of a mixture of this lime powder and the powdered my vested and lawful rights, as a patentee, discover-basalt, in the proportion of lime two, basalt three, er and inventor. To the good people I submit the which from my experiments seems to be the most case; they will judge whether it will promote their perfect for terias mortar. They are to be reduced interest to support me. to a plastic state, by adding the smallest quantity of Any editor of a newspaper who may be the first water possible, and that by little and little, to aid to publish this in any city, in the United States the beating in rendering it tough. Observe this where steam-boats are used, and will send me a pa- rule-the more beating and the less water, the firmer per, I will enclose him five dollars, as a small com- the mortar. Hence you will perceive, sir, that my pensation for the insertion, as often as he may deem researches have been to the best chemical authori the public interest requires it, hoping however, that ties, as far as my simple capacity has enabled me all editors will give it one insertion for public good, to understand from Dr. Rees and some others upon for it may stop the useless expenditure of hundreds this subject. My acquirements and ability to inof thousands of dollars, and save many lives; but vestigate and to understand, are solely from exermy patience has been long since exhausted in pay-cising my practical knowledge and limited powers ing for publishing such information that was neither of mind; whilst I would most respectfully solicit read or regarded, which, although it was to pro- your enlightened aid to mature my purpose, and to mote my own interest, it was intended to save the stamp a character upon my inventions. owner of each steam-boat, at least ten thousand dol lars, and perhaps the life of the reader. [Phila. Aug. 16.] OLIVER EVANS. Excellent Cement. Two bricks were cemented on the 1st of this month with a mortar far less perfect than the above and instantly (while the mortar was soft) they were. placed in a basin of water, were they have remained ever since. The cement grows harder with time, as is very preceptible; and from the crust that is Experiments shewing the progress made in discovering evidently formning on the surface, I am expecting a the materials for a water cement, among our domestic | crop of Stalactites. resources, in a letter to Dr. Mitchill from David You will readily perceive, sir, that if the inven. Meade Randolph, esq. of Virginia, dated Richmond, tion shall prove effectual, I am fairly entitled to a 26th June, 1817. reasonable compensation, to be secured by a patent DEAR SIR-Among the great variety of useful in-or otherwise, and that your kind assistance in the ventions connected with the arts, as it has been promotion of my object would be gratifying in an lately my object to pursue and to have observed in eminent degree. In conclusion, sir, I pray you England, it was one of great importance in my would have the goodness to favor me with a reply; mind, to discover in this country something that for my apprehensions of having trespassed too far might answer an equally valuable purpose with the on your benignity can only be relieved by your favo famous "Dutch Terias," or Parker's "Roman Cerable reception of this appeal to your liberality, and ment," as it is now generally used in England and the West Indies for works under water and else where situated. by such orders for a supply of the crude materials as you shall be pleased to give your most respect. ful and humble servant. D. M. RANDOLPH. Wealth and resources of S. America. some plushes and sewing silk, about 20,000 dozen Extract of a letter from an English House in Man-gray and fancy silk stockings, 6000 quintals of iron, chester, dated June 4. 5000 ditto of block-tin, 1000 ditto iron bars, 300 "The interest excited by the advices from South ditto cast iron, 500 ditto steel, 1500 iron hoops, America, as it naturally leads us to consider the 1500 spades, 100 hoes, 800 hatchets, 400 quintals influence the important events which are passing ditto from 6 to 12 inches, 500 ploughshares, 80 of nails of all sorts from 3-4 inch to 6 inches, 200 there are likely to produce in other countries, chests of horse shoes, 500 ditto of all sorts of must render some accounts of the commercial re sources of those vast regions acceptable. The fol- small hardware, 4000 dozen large and small knives, lowing particulars, derived from official sources, 1000 ditto coloured ditto, 250 pounds of carmine, 2000 quintals of wax, 2000 reams of white paper, will therefore not be found destitute of interest. Prussian blue and other fine colours, 350 pounds of Whether the period of their total emancipation be already arrived, or whether its accomplishment 10,000 piastres, 100 chests of liqueurs, 100 ditto of stone blue, drugs and medicines to the amount of will require a more protracted struggle, is uncertain, but no doubt can any longer be entertained books, 150 ditto of glassware, and 200 ditto of caof the final success of the Insurgents; when the binet wares. Total value of imports, taken at the widest field ever presented to mercantile specula-manufactures of the country consists almost entireEuropean invoice prices, 32,307,453 dollars-The tion will be found in an empire abounding with the most precious productions of the earth, interly of a few friezes, the use of which is in a manner sected by the noblest rivers, and filled with har- confined to the Indians and Negroes.-There are besides an inconsiderable number of manufactories bory offering at once facilities and protection to of hats, cotton cloths, drinking glasses, &c. which navigation, yet where the comforts derived from Arts and Manufactures cannot be produced but the riches of Peru, of which the mines are the do not however occupy much space in the scale of from foreign parts. In such a country, whatever regulations prejudice or hostility might induce the and industry which is employed in working them, principal source, notwithstanding the little skill rulers destined to sway its territory to enforce, or and the small help which commerce affords to the however uncertain and precarious its institutions might be, commerce will not fail to discover mul- miners, 534,000 marks of silver, and 6380 of gold tiplied channels through which its wealth will flow Mint at Lima; and 5,206,906 piasters, in both mawere smelted and refined in 1790, in the Royal and be distributed, when once freed from the terials, were coined there. The exports consist of control of the mother country through which its gold, silver, copper, Merino wool, cascarilla, China supplies were compelled to reach it. "Although the commerce of the River Plate is the annual amount of 31,486,000 dollars, Cotton, is root, cotton, cocoa, and other valuable articles, to capable of considerable extension and improve excellent and abundant, as well in the Sierras as ment, the subsisting relations with this country of the vallies. The spiders in Mayabomoa, Chachalate have acquainted us with the nature of its trade and taste of its inhabitants.-The Provinces or lencia. Flax and hemp grow wild and in abundance, poyas, and Jaen, yield a silk as fine as that of VaViceroyalties of Chili and Peru, situated on the but no one dreams of cultivating them, though the Pacific Ocean, by far the most important regions latter might with little difficulty be made an imof the southern hemisphere, are not so well known portant article of exportation. The Kermes berhere. Chili is between 15 and 1000 miles in length, ries are likewise found in profusion, and yet this and is 240 miles in breadth; its climate is one of precious drug is only employed by the Indians to the finest in all America, being temperate and salu- die a few of their own coarse stuffs. brious; its soil fertile, and its sky always clear, except at the commencement of the spring, which resources of those immense regions, about to be"Such is an imperfect sketch of the wealth and is in September, when it is refreshed by copious come independent. The effects likely to be prorain. The port of Valparaiso is the principal me- duced by such an event are incalculable; unknown dium of commerce for the whole province, and empires are on the point of opening their vast from thence more than 15,000 tons of wheat are stores for the encouragement of industry and com annually exported to Lima. Saint Iago di Compos-merce; new channels will be discovered for the extella is the capital, and contains about 30,000 souls. cess of our manufactures, and the redundant poPeru is however the most important province, in a pulation of Europe will, without doubt, flock in commercial point of view, its annual imports from thousands to shores where the labor of the husEurope are 50,000 pieces of real small Britannias bandman would be repaid with double harvests of of all sorts, 6000 pieces broad ditto, 30,000 pieces many valuble productions. How worthy the attenimitation ditto, 25,000 platillas, 5000 pieces of fine tion of the statesman and the merchant is a state of Holland linen, 200 pieces Rouens, 200 pieces Sili- things, calculated to confer the greatest benefits sia, 1500 pieces Flemish linen, 600 Caserillos, 16,000 on mankind at the present critical period!" gauzes, 3000 packets thread, 1000 dozen shirts, 900 dozen stockings, 400 pieces fine French damask, 100 pieces brown Flemish linen, 100 bales cambric, 180 bales printed cholets, 100 pieces fine The following article is taken from a very late Bri Irish linen, 200 dozen fine hair nets, 6000 pieces superfine bai, 2000 pieces fine cloth, 600 supertish periodical publication. It contains a lamentable fine ditto, 2000 pieces camblets, chiefly cinnamon picture of a once rich and flourishing commercial city. "Venice, it is well known, is built on a cluster of colour and black, 300 pieces glazed striped stuffs, islets, situated among the shallows which occur 1000 pieces serges, 2000 dozen worsted stockings, near the head of the Adriatic Gulf. The houses 200 pieces burats, 200 ditto tammies, chiefly blue and spires seem to spring from the water; canals and black mixed; 500 pieces white calamancoes, are substituted for paved streets, and long narrow 500 pieces checked ditto, 2000 hats, of which 1800 boats, or gondolas, for coaches. Some parts of the white, a variety of light silk stuffs, flowered taffe- city are elegant, exhibiting fine specimens of the tas, glazed atlasses, gros de tours, single and dou-architecture of Palladio; but the splendid palace of ble stuffs, some white but more black redesillas, St. Mark is no longer thronged by Venetian nobles; velvet, part plain and part striped, dark green, the cassinos are comparatively deserted; and the City of Venice. |