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faithful guardians of those sacred rights, under eve. that the extensive power vested in him will be faithry circumstance, to watch over them with faithfulfully used, upon this as on every other occasion, for care, cherish every principle, and employ everythe honor and advantage of our country-the grand means that tends to support and perpetuate them; jury will most cheerfully exert the powers which among which may be ranked, general information, are confided to them, for the same purpose, and industry, frugality, science, morality and pure reli- they trust a general diffusion of the opinions you gion. While these prevail, we may safely rely on have delivered, supported by the weight of your ofthe continuance of all the blessings of our free and ficial and personal characters, will tend to produce among all classes of citizens, a willing submission equitable government. to the laws.

Under these considerations, our attentions will naturally be drawn to the promotion of education, in allits various branches, as the most powerful barrier against those errors, of sentiment and practice, which corrupt, misguide and enslave a people.

CHA. BIDDLE, Foreman.
JACOB S. OTTO,
ROB. WALN,
WILSON HUNT,

My best endeavours will be used to carry into WM. CRAMMOND, effect such measures as you, in your wisdom shall JNO. INSKEEP, adopt. And may sagacity, prudence, unanimity THOS. M. WILLING, and firmness, characterise the proceedings of our JONAS GALUSHA. present session.

Montpelier, Oct. 10, 1817.

Law Intelligence.

GEO. ROBERTS,
WM. STEVENSON,
WILLIAM Y. BIRCH,
JOSEPH SMITH,
THOMAS M'KEAN,
SETHI CRAIG,

LEWIS RUSH.

ANSWER.

Mr. Foreman, and gentlemen of the grand jury

At a very early period of my official life, I received applications from the grand juries similar to that which you have now done me the honor to make.

To the honorable Bushrod Washington and Richard I was apprised that some charges, rather of a politi, eal cast, which had been delivered by some of my prePeters, judges of the circuit court of the U. States. SIRS-The grand jury of the circuit court of the decessors, had been misconstrued and distorted by United States for the district of Pennsylvania, have zealous party men out of doors, and that very improheard with great satisfaction your excellent charge per uses had been sometimes made of them to misat the opening of the court, and in order that the com- lead the public mind, and even to affect the chamunity at large may profit by the sentiments it con-racter of the judiciary. Although I endeavored caretains, we take the liberty of requesting a copy of it fully to avoid an expression of political sentiments for publication. We are more anxious that you in the charges which I prepared, only so far as they should yield to our wishes, since the peculiar situa. were necessarily connected with legal subjects, 1 tion of the country gives additional value to that was nevertheless warned by the past, to refuse part of the charge in which the duties of the Unit-giving publicity to those I delivered to the grand ed States as a neutral nation are enforced in a manner which has received our most hearty concurrence and approbation.

juries.

The same reasons which influenced my conduct then, do not now exist; and as the subject to which your letter particularly points, is certainly of great importance, I shall deliver the charge to you, to use as you may think proper.

CHARGE.

Gentlemen of the grand jury→→→

We cannot indeed be insensible to the great events which are agitating the southern continent, nor is it surprising that the sympathy of our countrymen should be excited in favor of a cause which promises, in their opinion, to extend the blessings of freedom. But this sentiment, however sincere it After reminding you that you have not only the may be, ought not to interfere with the obligations which bind us to our country. Our first duty as power, but that it is your duty to present all ofcitizens is obedience to the laws; and while the fences against the laws of the United States, which constituted authorities have decided against taking have come to your knowledge, or which may otherany share in these contests, when they have recent-wise be proved to your satisfaction, though no bill ly passed a law to extend and increase the penal. of indictment should be sent to you in the particu ties before imposed upon those who embarked in lar cases, I beg leave more particularly to call them, and are professing to foreign nations a digni- your attention to those offences which will be fied and impartial neutrality, it is reproachful to the brought before you by the district attorney, and to administration of the laws that those provisions some others, which deserve your serious attention. The first offence which I shall mention is that of should be evaded, and that a few individuals should thus put to hazard the peace of the country, with-murder, which is defined to be the voluntary killing out its consent and in defiance of its authority of a person with malice aforethought, either exThese violations of the laws are in the highest de- press or implied by law. The malice which stamps gree injurious to our interests as well as to our re-a homicide with the character of murder, is not putation; they degrade the country by showing the confined to a particular ill will of the perpetrator impotence of its laws, and they excite distrust to-to the deceased, but may be such as flows from a wards the government, by contrasting its profes-wicked and corrupt motive, where the fact is atsions with acts of hostility, which foreign nations tended with such circumstances as afford plain inwill think it too weak or too insincere to control. dications of a heart regardless of social duty, and They do not seem to benefit even the cause which fatally bent on mischief. Malice, therefore, is imis their ostensible object to promote; and their ine-plied from any deliberate cruel act against another, vitable effect must be to tarnish the maritime repu- however sudden, and a homicide will amount to tation of the country, and perhaps provoke reprisals murder where it happens in consequence of some on its commerce, in exchange for the obscure and unlawful act, of which death was the probable consequence, if done deliberately and with intenunlawful profits of some desperate adventurers.-Against such proceedings it is the duty of the offi. tion of mischief or great bodily harm to a particucers of the government to employ the most vigilantlar person, or generally, fall where it may, though opposition, and in the character of the president of the death happen against or beside the original inthe United States, we have the utmost assurance tent of the party.

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We

If malice, which is the the distinguishing cha- teers fitted out in some of the ports of the Unit racteristic of the crime, be wanting, the homicide, ed States, with intent to cruise against the subif it be not such as the law excuses, is denominat- jects of Spain, with whose government we are at ed manslaughter, and subjects the offender to no peace, under commissions granted by persons higher degree of punishment than fine and impri- assuming the powers of government in the Spa sonment. But these offences cannot be prosecuted nish provinces of America, under the color of in this court, unless they have been committed at which commissions, acts of the most unjustifiable some place within this district, and under the ex-violence and rapine have been committed. elusive jurisdiction of the United States, or upon have also heard of commissions issued, and enthe high seas, listments made within the U. States for the pur The next offence which I shall notice, is gene- pose of aiding the revolutionists in those provin rally denominated smuggling. In order to prevent ces. as far as possible those evasions of the law, intend- At as early a period in the existence of our preed to provide a revenue from duties on imported sent form of government as the year 1794, a law goods, which dishonest men have it so much in was passed forbidding any citizen of the United their power to commit, various provisions have States to accept and exercise within the jurisdicbeen made, and penalties imposed for a breach of tion of the United States, a commission to serve a them. In the first place, the commander of any foreign prince or state in war, by land or sea. It vessel, bound to a port of the United States is re also forbids any person, whether citizen or alien, quired upon his arrival within four leagues of the within the jurisdiction of the United States, to encoast, or within the limits of any district where list or enter himself, or hire or retain any person to the cargo is intended to be discharged, to produce enlist or enter himself, or to go beyond the limits to the custom house officer who shall first come on of the United States, with intent to be enlisted or board, upon demand thereof, a manifest of the car- entered in the service of any foreign power as a go, together with a true copy of the same, which soldier, marine or seaman on board of any vessel the officer is required to transmit to the collector or to fit out and arm, procure to be fitted out and for his information, and to enable him to compare armed, or knowingly to be concerned in the furnishit with the original manifest, which the master is ing, fitting out and arming within the waters of the required to produce to the collector upon his ar- United States, any vessel, with intent that she rival. The law then proceeds to forbid the un- should be employed in the service of any foreign loading of any part of the cargo within the limits prince or state to commit hostilities on the subjects of any district of the United States, or within four or property of another foreign prince or state with leagues of the coast, before the vessel shall come whom the United States are at peace-or to issue to her port of discharge, and been there duly auor deliver a commission within the United States thorized by the proper officer of the customs to for any vessel to the intent that she should be so unlade the same. The penalties for breaches of employed-or to augment the force of any armed the above provisions are imposed on the person having command of the vessel, and in the latter case, the penalty is extended also to the mate or other person next in command.

As a further guard, it is provided that no goods brought in any vessel from a foreign port, shall be unladen from such vessel within the United States but in open day, between the rising and the setting of the sun, except by special license from the chief officer of the port, nor at any other time, without a permit from the collector for such unlading. For a breach of these provisions, the master or person having the command or charge of the vessel, and every other person, who shall knowingly be concerned or aiding in such unlading, or in removing, storing or otherwise securing the said goods, forfeits the sum of 400 dollars for each offence, and is disabled from holding any office, of trust or profit under the U. States for a term not exceeding seven years.

The next offence is that of knowingly and wilfully opposing any officer of the United States, in serving or attempting to serve any means, process, warrant, rule or order of the courts of the United States, or any other legal process, or assaulting such officer whilst thus employed; or rescuing by force any person convicted of crimes against the United States, or committed for trial for the

same.

vessel within the jurisdiction of the United States in time of war between foreign powers with whom the United States are at peace-or to set on foot within the jurisdiction of the United States, or provide or prepare the means for any military enterprize, to be carried on from thence against the territory of any foreign prince or state, being at peace with the U. States. It would seem that congress at its last session determined to evince the most marked disapprobation of the expeditions which had been fitted out within the waters of the U. States to depredate upon the subjects of Spain, by enacting some new provisions to supply omissions or supposed omissions in the former law, and to increase the penalties before imposed. For whereas the act of '94, in relation to the fitting out and arming vessels within the waters of the United States, confined the off ence to vessels intended to cruise or commit hostilities in the service or employment of some foreign prince or state, the law of 1817 extends this provision to vessels fitted out for the purpose of being employed in the service, not only of a foreign prince or state, but of any colony, district or people, clearly pointing to the expedition which had been fitted out in the ports of the United States, to assist the revolutionists in the Spanish American provinces.

So likewise augmenting the force of any armed vessel within the jurisdiction of the United States, I shall now proceed to notice some other offen- in the service of a foreign prince or state, which is ces which the district attorney may not have it in forbidden by the act of 1794, is equally interdicthis power to bring immediately and distinctly ed by that of 1817, in cases where the vessel at under your cognizance, but which public report the time of her arrival within the waters of the informs us have been committed both within and United States, was an armed vessel in the ser. beyond the limits of the United States, in viola-vice of any colony, district or people, or belongtion of the neutral professions and character of ing to the subjects or citizens of such colony or our government, against laws made many years district.

ago to prevent them. We have heard of priva-} Still more effectually to put a stop to these un

lawful equipments, the law of 1817, not only increa-the curiosity of the inquisitive, and to prevent the ses the penalties and duration of imprisonment to circulation of misrepresentations. While the Beaver lay in this port, an individual, double what they before were, but it requires the owners of armed vessels sailing from ports of the who had resided a length of time in this city, was United States, wholly, or in part, owned by citizens induced to go on board for the purpose of selling of the United States, to give bond with sufficient tobacco to the crew. He was there arrested and sureties, that the said vessels shall not be employ-detained as a deserter from the British navy. When ed by such owners in cruising or committing hos- the circumstance was discovered, Mr. Chew, the tilities as aforesaid; and the collectors are further collector of the port, demanded of captain Felix, authorized to detain vessels built for warlike pur-by letter, the liberation of the detained seaman, poses, about to depart from the United States, the warning him at the same time of the consequences cargoes of which consist principally of arms and of attempting to proceed to sea without referring munitions of war, when there exists circumstances the matter to a civil tribunal. This application to render it probable that they intended to cruise proved fruitless, and some of the seaman's acor commit hostilities against friendly powers as be-quaintances applied to the hon. Joshua Lewis for a writ of habeas corpus in his favor. A writ was regufore mentioned. ·

It is to be hoped that the strength of the execu-larly granted, directed to the commanding officer tive arm (for the president is vested with very ex of the sloop, and ordering him forthwith to have tensive powers to prevent the perpetration of the the individual before the judge, to be dealt with offiences above described) and the vigilance of the according to law.-Captain Felix refused to obey custom house officers, with the co-operation of the the writ and wrote the following letter to the judicial authorities, aided by the patriotism of all judge in justification of his conduct: well disposed citizens, will release our country from the unmerited stigma of secretly taking part in a war which our government is unwilling to coun

tenance.

"On H. B. Majesty's service. "H. B. M. SLOOP BEAVER, Off New Orleans, Aug. 30, 1817 SIR-I beg leave to transmit you a copy of the I know that plausible pretexts are not wanting deposition of the British deserter detained on to palliate these lawless acts, and even to render board here. You will perceive by it, his acknowthem popular with those who regard rather the ledgement of his being a British subject, a deserter avowed than the real motive of the perpetrators of from H. B M. sloop Bermuda, and not a sufficient time a resident of New Orleans to entitle him to them.

The emancipation of an oppressed people is urg-the privilege of a citizen of the United States. ed as an excuse for these military expeditions. But You will also perceive, that he states himself to as it must be admitted that obedience to the laws of have gone by no other name while in New Orleans our country is the first duty of a good citizen, it than Capel and Hamilton; that of Lamb does not, follows that a wilful violation of those laws can therefore, apply to him, nor, while he acknowledges never find an excuse in the motive which induced himself as a deserter from the British service, do it, however we might approve the motive were the conceive he can be considered as a person illegallaws are silent on the subject. I must, nevertheless, ly detained. If a writ, describing the individual be permitted to suspect the sincerity of the motive and accompanied by such legal formalities as may which is professed in these cases. Search to the sanction my compliance, be executed. I shall, of bottom and it will be found to originate in self in-course, submit myself to the civil authorities, at terest-in a cupidity for that wealth which is torn by power from the hands of its defenceless owners Gentlemen of the jury, should you know or have received information of the commission of any of fence against the laws of the United States, and require the attendance of witnesses to testify before you, the court will, upon the application of your foreman, award the necessary process to bring them forward.

Interesting Transaction.

If the following narrative, of an occurrence which has already excited considerable sensation, be considered as more diffuse than necessary, we can only say that the novelty of the case, and the importance of the precedent, required that no circumstance in regard to it should be lost. FROM THE NEW-ORLEANS GAZETTE OF SEPT. 30.

the same time that I shall protest against the exercise of power in this particular instance and leave the further adjustment of the affair to our respective governments; but I trust the present statement will remove any misconception on your part, which, I am persuaded, has arisen from false information having been laid before you in the first instance. I again beg leave to remind you, that the man was not taken by us either from the shore or from any ship or boat, but came voluntarily on board, where he was recognized, and acknowledged himself a deserter from the British service; and being thus by his consent, placed under the power of the British flag, to detain him became my duty. Had I done otherwise, should have acted contrary to my positive instructions. Immediately after the affair occurred, I waited on the British consul, and begged that he would communicate it to the civil authorities of the place. I feel anxious to obviate any misconception in this Some time since we noticed the attempt of cap-case,and to convince you that I have been guided tain Felix, commanding officer of H. B. M. sloop throughout by a desire to act conformably to the of war Beaver, then lying in the port of New-Or- mutual rights of the two nations. leans, forcibly to transport from this place an individual not attached to his vessel, in defiance of the civil authority of the state. Shortly afterwards, Captain H. B. M. sloop Beaver. captain Felix was arrested, and his conduct sub. To the hon. judge Lewis, New Orleans. jected to judicial investigation, during the pendenIndependently of any question of right as to the cy of which it would have been improper to expose the circumstances of the transaction to the consi-detention of the seaman, no greater indignity could deration of the public. The investigation of the have been offered to our faws; no greater outrage case having terminated, we now deem it proper could have been inflicted on an individual, than, in to give publicity to the facts, in order to satisfy contempt of the civil authority, forcibly to deprive

I have the honor to remain, sir, with every sentiment of respect, your obedient humble servant, R. R. FELIX,

him of an impartial hearing before the tribunals of gal proceedings and the orders of his commanding our country. The judge, therefore, immediately officer; having manifested, moreover, much regret issued a writ of attachment, commanding the sheriff for what had occurred, and made the most ample to arrest and bring before him the captain, for his apologies, was discharged without being imprisoncontempt and disobedience of the former writ. The ed or even fined. This was a degree of lenity not deputy sheriff used every exertion to execute the process: but was resisted, and menaced by the captain, who ordere his crew to fire, if the sherim persisted in his efforts

perhaps deserved-it was a lenity which was not extended to the saviour of Louisiana, in a case of a very dissimilar nature; it was a lenity, however, neither incompatible with the character of the judge, nor displeasing to his fellow citizens, who,

fortunes to maintain the dignity of their laws, to protect their inestimable privileges, and to exalt their national character, are above the littleness of personal spite and malignity of feeling.

It would have been proper now for the sheriff to call out the posse comitatus; and the rapidity with while they are willing to sacrifice their lives and which a knowledge of these events circulated through the city, and the burst of indignation which they excited, seemed to point to that measure, and would have rendered it efficacious. But the sloop was under weigh, the calamitious situation of the Our indignation at this outrage of capt. Felix was city was adverted to, nor was it doubted that capt. mingled with no small degree of astonishment, that Felix would be arrested under the guns of fort St. it should have been committed by an officer of the Phillip, especially as it was known that a good citation from whom that safeguard of liberty, the writ zen and a soldier of no ordinary fame commanded of habeas corpus, derives its origin-who boast of it that post. An express was dispatchel to the fort as constituting a signal mark of distinction between with legal process directed to the sheriff of Plaque them and the rest of Europe; a nation in which no mine, and by great exertion arrived there before the man ever refused obedience to it, with impunity, Beaver. Major Humphrey having been properly unless it had been previously suspended by an act called upon, with bis usual firmness and prompti- of the legislature. Even now, when the very exist. tude informed captain Felix that he must submit ence of the government is menaced; when, if ever, to the civil authority of the state, or he would be it is necessary to arm the crown with extraordinary compelled to do so. powers, the English people view its suspension with Immediately after his arrest, captain Felix was an impatience bordering on open rebellion although brought to this city, where he received information constitutionally enacted by parliament. And shall (which through motives of humanity had been com- an English officer be permitted to commit an outmunicated to him at Plaquemine) that his deten rage upon this writ in our country that he would tion would be protracted till he caused the indivi-not dare to think upon in his own?

Foreign Articles.

ENGLAND, &c.

dual in whose favor the writ of habeas corpus had Captain Felix may have been misled by fallacious, been issued, to be forth coming. The seaman was intemperate, perhaps wicked counsel: he may have accordingly sent for, brought back, and after mabeen impelled throughout this transaction, by what ture deliberation discharged. His honor, the judge, he deemed a sense of duty: if this was the fact (and regretted that there was no law on the subject, nor we believe it was) we respect his feelings and retreaty provision between the two governmen's, gret the mortification to which he has been subjectand that under these circumstances the two goed; but we feel a pride and pleasure in the assur vernments must reciprocally suffer for their inat-ance that he was defeated in an attempt to invade tention to the subject: that controversies of this na- the liberty of an individual (however humble his ture must be governed by the general principles of station) who was entitled to the protection of our law, which regulate ordinary contracts; that, there-shores; and that the minister of the law, while he fore, if a voluntary contract between the individual shewed the magnanimity to pardon and forgive, and the British government had been proved, it where punishment was unnecessary, and example could only have been enforced like other contracts, useless, displayed a power adequate to protect our by a suit; and that force could only be exercised rights from violation and his own dignity from in by individuals without the sanction of law. If the sult. captain could not bave arrested the individual on shore, and there forced him into a compliance with his contract, he could not exercise force towards him on board his vessel, while she lay in our waters. For, in a country governed by laws alone, accident The revival of manufactures and commerce is gives no rights, and individuals cannot exercise much spoken of in the English papers. higher authority in enforcing compliance with con. The crops. The price of graia has fluctuated tracts than the civil authority of the country. The considerably in England, and from the late rise it captain urged, with some plausibility, that even in may be presumed that the crops have not been so the merchant service deserters could be summarily abundant as was reported. On the 30th Sept. Amearrested and delivered to the authority of their rican flour was sold extensively at 53 to 54s per officers; but it was answered that his was authoribl. say 12 dollars-a further advance was expected. zed by express statutes, both in England and in the An opinion is now given that the ports will not be United States, and the fact that statutes were shut after the 15th of November. deemed necessary to grant the power in that case, proved that it could not be exercised in the other without some legal provision. The orders of his commanding officer to arrest all deserters, which were pleaded by the captain, could not authorise him to violate our laws-indeed on subjects of this A letter from London states, that Colonels Hipnature his orders were suspended by the authority pesly and L. P. Skeene were raising regiments of solof those laws, while, by permission of our civil offidiers for South America. A ship of 300 tons is in cers, he remained within their jurisdiction. The the Thames, having on board 300 officers and solman was liberated. diers, enrolled for the purpose of fighting under

The London Gazette of Sept. 13, contained only five bankrupts.

Meetings have been held in many places to peti. tion against the window tax. There has been some disturbances about it.

The captain having pleaded his ignorance of le- I the standard of the revolutionists in South America.

The London Courier of Oct. 1, concludes a long politicians, that they would rather suffer themarticle on the subject of South American affairs, by selves than that others should profit from a remosaying that "England can take no part in the quar-val of the cause of English distresses. rel between Spain and her colonies."

Sir Robert Wilson appears to be retracing his steps, The prince regent is trying to have built a yacht as, it is said, was predicted by Bonaparte. This gal that shall excel the vessel called "Cleopatra's lant friend of La Valette was one of the chief agents Barge," owned by George Crowningshield, of the ofthe British government to subdue or exterminate "Yankee" town of Salem, and built by him just for as might be most convenient, the people of Ireland, a "notion." Thus are we copied in all that belongs some years ago. He lately made a speech at Kent to naval affairs, by the people of the greatest naval county meeting, in which he said, deprecating the power in the world. measures of government-"Oh, it was the same At Sligo, out of a population of 15,000 souls, system which introduced torture into Ireland1000 had died of the prevailing fever. It appears that torture which I myself witnessed-and whose to have spread over a large part of the country.dreadful image Inever remember without shudderThe number of cases at Cork was not less than 400; ing-a torture where the innocent were not only at Down Patrick 100-at Newry it was rapidly exconfounded with the guilty by unsupported chargtending, &c. e, but where the lash (as I declare to God, Isaw

A very destructive contagious fever prevailed at it myself,) was applied promiscuously on the Birmingham, Paisley, Liverpool, &c. It has also chance of extorting a confession, or obtaining an appeared in London and caused great alarm, accusation!"

A young man of fashion in England, who lately Lord Cochrane was in London on the 30th Sept. came in possession of at least $40,000 per annum (The reports therefore of his having sailed to join is said to have lost the whole at cards!

the patriots are unfounded.

We learn from Ireland, that a considerable sen- The London Waterloo committee have placed at sation prevailed in Dublin, in consequence of a the disposal of Marshal Blucher 200,000 rix dol communication from, the Chancellor of the Exchelars for the benefit of the Prussian sufferers, bequer, stating that the wants of government were sides. 10,000 for those who lost their natural prosuch that it would be impossible to relinquish the tectors, by the battle. The king of Prussia has window tax, without substituting a house tax for acknowledged the receipt of these donations, in a an equivalent, which the citizens have stated their grateful manner. fability to pay. Placards were placed in every direction of the city, calling upon the citizens to hold meetings, and adopt measures for resisting this odious impost; which, when laid on, was done with an express provision that it should continue no longer than tie war.

PORTER AND ALE.

Statement of the quantity of
Porter brewed by the twelve principal houses in
London, from July 5, 1816 to July, 1817:—
Barclay, Perkins and Co.

281,484 barrels

Hanbury and Co.

168,751

[blocks in formation]

Hale,
Ball,
Whitmore,

25,051 barrels

$8,119

16,886

12,352

7,763

7,048

4,023

Mr. Ellis, of Barming, the largest hop grower in England, commenced picking the 8th Sept. and had engaged 2,700 persons in his large plantations! It is calculated in Liverpool that Britain has within a year, imported near fifteen million dollars worth of flour from the United States. The other nations of Europe have also imported much. There were 26 prisoners in Derby goal on a charge of high treason, and 15 in Nottingham.

The Active frigate, has arrived in England from Jamaica, with 800.0001. chiefly in dollars, the grea.. ter part of which is for account of merchants.

Another advance has taken place in copper. It rose in September at Truro, to 1257 in the last two years it has been sometimes as low as 751

The Eller, a British ship of war, which had been sunk by way of experiment for the cure of the dry rot, has been minutely surveyed to ascertain the result, which was found to answer every expecta

tion.

The English steam boat Majestic of 111 tons left Margate, Sept. 13, at 9 o'clock, and entered the harbor of Calais at 4 o'clock in the afternoon with 200 passengers.

Subscriptions have been taken in England for cutting a canal to connect the eastern and western

seas.

Ships of all classes have been lately fitted at Ply. month with round bows, and they are henceforth to be fitted with round sterns also.

American stocks in London, Sept. 30.-Three per cents, 714 a 72. New six per cents, 104 a 1041. Seven per cents, 109 a 110. U. S. Bank shares, 30%. 5s. all with dividends from 1st of July.

British stocks Oct. 1-Consols, 814: for acct. 811. Do for Nov. 82.

Emigration. Some of the British writers begin to think that the emigration of 100,000 persons annually-would be advantageous, except that it might tend to strengthen some other country. New British settlements are therefore recommended The policy of Britain often puts me in mind of the Tobacco. The British are very rigidly exerting miser who, at the point of death, was very desirous themselves to prevent the smuggling of tobacco of settling his estate-be hurried the notary lest which, it seems, is frequently done in small quan he might slip off before the will was concluded, tities by sailors, &c. and it is intimated that vessels and cheerfully parted with his real property. Builon board of which it is found will be treated more who is to have the cash, said the notary-"I'll keep severely than heretofore. that myself," returned the poor creature, and died. "Pro-di gious. ." The London Courier of the 231 Self is so much the ruling passion with English Sept. announces the following important intelligence

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