officers were flain; and Meer-Affud was taken prifoner. This happened on the 20th of May, when the ground was extremely wet by the rains which fell the night before, so that many fugitives were trod under foot by the elephants, which funk down to the middle of the leg in mud. It is faid, that never was a fight more fhocking to humanity than what this battle prefented, of horfes, camels, and elephants, wounded and furious, mingled and overwhelmed, together with officers and foldiers, fending forth hideous cries, making vain efforts to escape from the floughs full of blood wherein they were plunged, and ftifling and crushing to pieces thofe wounded foldiers who wanted ftrength to rife. The conquerors plundered the camp, carried off the military cheft, and took the standard of Mahomet, as also that of the Mogul, above forty elephants, and a great number of horses. The body of Deuft Allee Cawn was found among the dead; but that of his fon could not be diftinguished.

THE Morattoes fent detachments to plunder and levy contributions into every part of the province; while Subder Allee fled to Velore, and Chunda Saib returned to Trichinopoli. The Morattoes wrote from Arcot to the governor of Madrafs, that they had large demands on the company, which they would fettle at leifure but in the mean time, they demanded three hundred thousand pagodas in part towards the pay of their army. As this letter was only fent by two horfemen, it was not difficult for the governor to return an answer: but he would not have found it so easy, in the circumftances the place then was, to avoid parting with a capital fum, if they had fupported their demand, by marching one part of their army against the town; and that they neglected it, was owing to other causes, more than any opinion that his power was fufficient to refift them.

THE

THE fortifications of Pondicherry were at this time in fuch reputation, among a people who had never before seen any thing equal to them, that the late Nabob and his children had fent their families and treasures to remain there during the war; while the opulent inhabitants of Arcot removed all their valuable effects into the ftrong holds with which the province abounds. The Morattoe general alfo threatened to attack Pondicherry with all his forces, unlefs he had immediate fatisfaction made by the payment of confiderable fums. He farther demanded a yearly tribute to be paid, and the family and treasure of the Nabob to be delivered up to him. Several letters paffed between him and M. Dumas, the French governor, who fhewed, by his anfwers to the Morattoe, that he was not to be terrified at his menaces.

THE Morattoes, thus difappointed, readily lif tened to the proposals of their prifoner Meer Affud, who was impowered by Subder Allee to treat with them; and it was agreed, they fhould be paid, at different periods, ten millions of rupees, equal to one year's revenue of the province, on condition that they quitted it immediately. This was made public; but another article was kept fecret, whereby the Morattoes had liberty to attack Chunda Saib, and feize his dominions for themselves. foon as the treaty was ratified, Subder Allee affumed the title and authority of Nabob; while Chunda Saib put Trichinopoli in the best posture of defence, as apprehenfive of what had been tranfacted against him.

As

THE Morattoes accordingly quitted the province, and returned in December; invaded the country of Trichinopoli, invefted the capital, cut off all fupplies, and obliged Chunda Saib to furrender the place, on the 26th of March 1741, after he had bravely defended it three months. The Morattoes

put

put him, with his fon, and their principal officers, under the stricteft confinement; and having drained Trichinopoli, they appointed Morarow, one of their generals, viceroy of the kingdom, leaving fourteen thousand of their troops under his command. During the fiege, the Morattoe general fent a detachment of eight thoufand horse, and a ftrong body of foot, to the fea coaft, who attacked Porto Novo, about fix leagues to the fouth of Pondicherry, and eafily made themselves mafters of an open indefenfible place, which they plundered, and carried off all the merchandizes found in the magazines of the English, French, and Dutch. The fame detachment marched from Porto Novo to Goudelour, an English fettlement four leagues fouth of Pondicherry, which they pillaged. After this, they encamped at Archiouac, a league and half from Pondicherry; from whence they marched to attack Congymer and Ladras, two establishments belonging to the Dutch, whose magazines they entirely plundered.

SUBDER ALLEE was thus confirmed Nabob by the Morattoes, and Chunda Saib was removed from exciting intestine commotions: but the refentment of Nizam Al Muluck ftill remained to be appeased. The late calamities so much affected the new Nabob, that he removed his court from the open and defenceless city of Arcot, and took up his refidence at Velore, which was well fortified, and had a strong citadel formerly built by the Morattoes. With the fame spirit of precaution he fent his wives and children with his treasures to Madrafs; because he fufpected the connections which fubfifted between Chunda Saib and M. Dupleix, the governor of Pondicherry. The Nabob made feveral vifits from Velore to his family at Madrass; and these journies

* Or Morari-row.

were

were reported to Nizam Al Muluck, as proofs of his intention to proceed from thence by fea to Mecca, to spend the remainder of his days in acts of devotion at the tomb of Mahomet.

MORTIZ ALLEE, who had married the Nabob's fifter, was now governor of Velore, and was unwilling to pay his contingent for the Morattoes; in which he was joined by other who repregovernors, who fented to him, that the Soubahdar would be pleased with any violent measures that might be taken by the officers of the Carnatic, against a Nabob who paid little deference to his authority. A confpiracy was formed, and Subder Allee was affaffinated by fome Abyffinian flaves; after which Mortiz Allee influenced the army to proclaim him Nabob; but they as foon dethroned him, and Seid Mahomed Cawn, the young fon of Subder Allee, was declared lawful fucceffor to the government of the Carnatic.

THE Soubahdar Nizam Al Muluck had no danger to apprehend from the court of Delli, and marched in the spring from Golconda to Arcot, at the head of his army, which was composed of eighty thousand horfe, and two hundred thousand foot. Such a force could meet with no resistance: he fettled the government at Arcot, which he conferred on Coja Abdullah Cawn, and took the young prince whom he had deposed under his own care. He alfo expelled the Morattoes from Trichinopoli; and returned to Golconda, where he was attended by the new Nabob, who was poifoned on the road, and was fucceeded in his government by Anaverdy Cawn*, through the favor of Nizam Al Muluck.

THE new Nabob arrived at Arcot in April; and the introduction of this ftranger into the Carnatic was the fource of thofe events, which gave rise to the war in India between the English and French.

* Or An'war-adean Khan.

SECTION

Account of ANAVERDY CAWN: he is confirmed in the government of the CARNATIC:-The War between GREAT BRITAIN and FRANCE in 1744: it extends to their fettlements in the EAST INDIES. Commodore BARNET fent there with a Squadron from England in 1745: his capture of fome French fhips in the Indian feas; and his arrival at Madrass. M. DE LA BOURDONNAIS fent with a French Squadron to reinforce Pondicherry.-Commodore Barnet dies in 1746, and is fucceeded in the command by Captain PEYTON. An engagement between the two Squadrons off Negapatnam.-The state of Madrass under governor MORSE: it is befieged by the French army and fquadron from Pondicherry, under the command of M. de la Bourdonnais. The ftrength of the Befiegers, and the Befieged: the town capitulates and furrenders. The French Governor of Pondicherry revokes the treaty of ranfom: the English Governor and Council are fent prifoners of war to Pondicherry: and M. DE PARADIS is appointed governor of Madrafs. Amount of the French booty there; and of the English lofs.-Commodore de la Bourdonnais reinforced by fome fhips of war from France: his fquadron destroyed by a Storm. He quits the French fervice; is taken in a Dutch hip, and brought prisoner to England, in 1747 bis removal to France, confinement in the Baftile, and honorable discharge.

A

NAVERDY CAWN was the fon of Anawar, who

was made by the Great Mogul Aurengzebe, on account of his great erudition and knowledge of the Koran, one of those religious officers appointed to offer up daily prayers for the health and prosperity of the fovereign; who also ennobled him