Clive, who left him with a garrifon in the fort, and took the field on the 19th. Ilis army confifted of 200 Europeans, 700 fepoys, and three field pieces, with which he marched to Timery, and took that fort, where he left a small garrifon. He was foon after joined by 600 Morattoes under Bofinrow*, the nephew of Morarow, whofe camp had been attacked and plundered by the French and Rajah Saib within a fhort march of Veloor, from whence they decamped, and joined a reinforcement from Pondicherry at Arani †, a strong fort about twenty miles fouth of Arcot, when their army confifted of 300 Europeans, 2000 horfe, and 2500 fepoys, with four field-pieces.

CAPTAIN Clive marched towards Rajah Saib, and came up with him in the plains of Arani, where both armies came to a general engagement, on the 3d of December, about noon, Captain Clive ftationed his Morattoes in a grove of palms to the left; the fepoys in a village to the right; and the Europeans, with the field pieces, in the center, in an open ground, which extended about 300 yards between the grove and the village: in the front were rice-fields, which were swampy; and the approach of the enemy's cannon would have been impracticable, had there not been a caufeway leading to the village on the right. The French troops, with 1500 fepoys, and their artillery, marched along the causeway; while the horse, with 1000 fepoys, attacked the Morattoes before the other wing was engaged. The Morattoes behaved with great fpirit, and fought in a manner peculiar to themselves they made five fucceffive charges, in which they were always repulfed by the fuperiority of numbers. The French were galled on the

* Or Boznrow. † Aranie, Arnie, Arnee, or Arni.

other

other wing, as they advanced along the caufeway to the village, and formed an extenfive front in the adjacent fields, which reached almoft to the grove. They were fpiritedly oppofed on all parts, and vigorously pursued in their retreat. About 50 of the French, and 150 of their horfe and fepoys, were either killed or wounded in the engagement, which continued five hours. The English had 20 Europeans, 8 fepoys, and 46 Morattoes, killed or wounded.

RAJAH SAIB retreated to the town of Arani, and from thence to Ginjee, leaving many tents, and a large quantity of baggage behind. He was clofely pursued by the Morattoes, who took his military cheft, in which were 100,000 rupees; and they also returned with 400 of his horfes. Many of his sepoys deferted, and offered their service to captain Clive, who incorporated 600 of their best men among his own troops, and compelled the governor of Arani to take an oath of fubmiffion to Mahomed Allee Cawn.

THE French had repoffeffed Conjeveram, and placed a garrifon in its pagoda of 30 Europeans, and 300 fepoys, who impeded the communication between Arcot and Madrafs, and had furprized a party of difabled men returning from the fiege, among whom, were the officers Revel and Glafs: fome of the men were murdered, but the officers were spared.

BOSINROW proceeded with his Morattoes from Arani to Trichinopoli, by order of his uncle Morarow but captain Clive marched with his own force to Conjeveram, where he arrived on the 14th, and fummoned the French officer to surrender, which he refused, and threatened to expose his captives on the walls, if the pagoda was attacked. Two 18 pounders arrived from Madrafs, and the pagoda was battered in breach at the distance of 200 yards.

The

The French had no cannon; but fired fmartly with their musketry, which killed feveral men at the battery and lieutenant Bulkley was fhot through the head, as he reconnoitred the pagoda in company with captain Clive, who stood close by his fide when he fell. A breach was made after a fiege of three days; upon which, the garrifon abandoned the place, and left the English prisoners behind.

CAPTAIN Clive destroyed the defences of Conjeveram; fent 180 Europeans and 500 fepoys to Arcot; and returned with the remainder of his troops to Madrass; from whence he proceeded to Fort St. David, and arrived there before the year was expired.

WHILE the English were thus fuccefsful in the province of Arcot, the French carried on their attempts against Trichinopoli; for which they had been supplied with battering artillery from Carical, and had erected three batteries, but all of them at too great a distance to perform any execution, fo as to make the leaft impreffion on the walls, or among the English and their fepoys, who were encamped close to the weft fide of the town, while the Nabob's cavalry encamped to the fouth. Some fkirmishes happened, of little confequence, during the month of October: but the befiegers fired fmartly every day, and fupplied the befieged with a great number of cannon-balls, all of which had the English mark; being the fame that the ships had fired against Pondicherry, with as little effect as they were now thrown away against Trichinopoli.

THE Nabob was promised affistance from the king of Maiffore, whofe fubjects detefted Chunda Saib. The French detached a party to terrify that prince; and captain Cope was fent after them with an English detachment to drive them from the fort of Kiftnavaram, thirty miles weft of Trichinopoli, in the high road to Maiffore. Captain Cope was

mortally

mortally wounded in attacking the enemy; and cap tain Dalton was fent to take the command: buc both parties retired without coming to action, and returned to Trichinopoli, where many powerful allies were engaged on each fide.

CHA P. IV.

RAJAH SAIB plunders the country near MADRASS : Captain CLIVE is fent from Fort St. DAVID to command the army at Madrafs. He takes CONJEVERAM; defeats the French at CovREPAUK; and returns to St. David, from whence he is fent with major LAWRENCE to reinforce the troops at TRICHINOPOLI. The Nabob MAHOMED ALLEE CAWN is joined there by the MAISSOREANS and their MORATTOES, the TANJORINES and TONDEMAN: and CHUNDA SAIB is joined by the troops under MORAWA and ALLUM CAWN. Some account of thefe different allies.

The French attack the English in their march at KOILADDY and ELIMISERUM ; but are defeated, and Allum Cawn is killed. Major Lawrence takes the command of the Nabob's army at Trichinopoli : and M. LAW and Chunda Saib encamp at SERINGHAM. Captain Clive takes LALGOODY; and Elimiferum Jurrenders to captain DALTON.--M. D'DAUTEUIL is fent with an army from PONDI CHERRY to reinforce Chunda Saib, and fuperfede M. Law. Captain Clive fortifies SAMIAVARAM, andmarches to intercept M. d'Auteuil at UTATOOR. The French take Samiavaram; which is retaken by captain Clive.-The Tanjorines take Koiladdy. Captain Dalton attacks M. d'Auteuil, at Utatoor: the French are repulsed, and retreat to VOLCONDA. Captain Dalton joins captain Clive, who takes

PITCHANDA. Chunda Saib is deferted by bis allies; furrenders himself to MONACKJEE, and is murdered: bis character, and remarks on his death. -Captain Clive makes M. D'Auteuil and all bis troops prifoners at Volconda; and M. Law furrenders his whole army prisoners of war to major Lawrence and the Nabob at Seringham. General remarks on these transactions.

WH

HILE captain Clive was at Fort St. David, Rajah Saib collected a confiderable force at Chettaput, from whence they marched towards Madrafs, in the beginning of January 1752, approaching fo near as within nine miles, to a place called St. Thomas's Mount, where the English gentlemen had their country feats, in the company's territory of Ponomalee. The Moors plundered these houses of all their furniture, carried off all the provifion they found, and fent the whole to Pondicherry. After thefe hoftilities they returned to Conjeveram, garrisoned its pagoda with 300 fepoys, and kept the field between this place and the fort of Ponomalee, which they threatened to attack.

THE English prefidency determined to make an effort to reduce this enemy, before they fent a re inforcement to Trichinopoli; and captain Clive was fent to Madrass, to take the command. A detachment of 100 Europeans arrived there from Bengal, and 80 more were taken from the garrifon of Madrafs; which were joined by 200 Europeans and 500 fepoys from the garrison of Arcot. The whole united force confifted of 380 Europeans, 1300 fepoys, and fix field-pieces; with which captain Clive took the field on the 2d of February. The enemy had an army of 400 Europeans, 2500 horse, and 2000 fepoys, with a large train of artillery : but, notwithstanding this fuperiority, they were afraid to meet captain Clive, and fortified them

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