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It is governed by a Nair chieftain, now tributary to the British. Its capital is Penamburt Cotta, called also Wynaad, which is situated in Long. 76. 10. E. Lat. 11. 47. N.

WYNANT'S KILL, a river of the United States, in New York, which joins the Hudson, in Troy, 2 miles S. of Poesten's Kill.

WYNFELDEN, OF WEINFELDEN, a small town of the Swiss canton of Thurgau, on the Thur, 7 miles S. S. W. of Constance.

WYNSTER, a river of England, in Lancashire, which falls into the Kenn.

WYOMING, a general name formerly given to a track of country in Pennsylvania, situated on the Susquehanna, with a fort, 2 miles above Wilkisbarre. In the year 1778, this fort was attacked by a party of British and Indians. The garrison were soon overpowered, and fell a prey to Indian barbarity; after a bloody military execution of a great part, the rest were shut up in the barracks, to which they set fire, and consumed the whole.

WYRA GHUR, a town of Hindostan, province of Gundwaneh, tributary to the rajah of Nagpore. Long. 80. 56. E. Lat. 20.

31. N.

WYRARDISBURY, or WRAYSBURY, a parish of England, in Buckinghamshire. Population 560.

WYRE, PIDDLE, a hamlet of England, in Worcestershire, near Pershore.

WYRLEY, GREAT and LITTLE, two hamlets of England, in Staffordshire, the former 5 miles N. W. of Walsall, the latter 6 W. S. W. of Lichfield.

WYSALL, OF WISHOU, a parish of England, in Nottinghamshire, 8 miles S. by E. of Nottingham.

WYSAUKEN CREEK, a river of the United States, in Pennsylvania, which runs into the east branch of the Susquehanna, 6 or 8 miles above Asylum.

WYSLYTEN, a town of Poland, 20 miles E. S. E. of Gumbinnen. Population 1600. WYSOKIE, a small town of European Russia, in Volhynia, 15 miles W. of Kaminiec, WYSOKIE-MACIECKI, a town of Poland, 83 miles E. N. E. of Warsau. Population 900.

Wrsox, a post township of the United States, in Luzerne county, Pennsylvania. Population 619.

WYSZAINEN, a town of Poland, 18 miles N. of Suwalki. Population 1090.

WYSZOGROD, a town of Poland, on the Vistula, 32 miles W. by N. of Warsaw. Population 2000.

WYTHAM, or WIGHTHAM, a parish of England, in Berkshire, 8 miles Ñ. by W. of Abingdon.

WYTHAM ON THE HILL, a hamlet of England, in Lincolnshire.

WYTHAM, NORTH and SOUTH, two parishes of England, in Lincolnshire.

WYTHE, a county of the United States, in the south-west part of Virginia, bounded north-north-west by Tazewell county, north-east by Montgomery, south-southeast by Grayson county, and west by Washington county. Population 8356. Slaves, 1157. Chief town, Evansham.

WYTHEBURN, a township of England, in Cumberland, 8 miles S. E. of Keswick.

WYTHOP, a township of England, in Cumberland, 5 miles E. by S. of Cockermouth.

WYTON, a township of England, in Yorkshire, 5 miles from Kingston-upon-Hull.

WYTOOTACKEE, an island in the South Pacific ocean, about ten miles in circumference; discovered by captain Bligh in 1789. Long. 200. 19. É. Lat. 18. 52. S.

WYVERSTONE, a parish of England, in Suffolk, 6 miles N. of Market Stow. WYVILL, a parish of England, in Lincolnshire, 4 iniles N. W. of Colsterworth,

X.

ХАС

XACAPIXTLA, a head settlement of Mexico, in the district of Cuernavaca, containing 338 Spanish, and 50 Indian families.

XACONA, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Valladolid. Population 214, Spaniards, mulattoes, and Indians.

XADRAQUE, or JADRAQUE, a small but well built town of the interior of Spain, in the province of Guadalaxara, 60 miles

ХАС

E. N. E. of Madrid, and 16 W. S. W. of Siguença.

XAGUA BAY, a large bay on the south coast of the island of Cuba. This is one of the best ports in the West Indies, and is 15 miles in circumference, surrounded with mountains, which break off the force of the winds. Long. 81. 20. W. Lat. 22 10. N.

XAINTES SANTOS, OF ALL SAINTS' ISLANDS, as having been discovered on that holiday, by the Spaniards; three small islands of the West Indies, situated to the south-east of Guadaloupe. The most west erly of them is called Terra de Bas, or the Low Island, and the most easterly, Terra de Haut, or the High Island. The third, which lies exactly in the middle between the other two, seems to be nothing more than a large barren rock, but is of use in assisting to form a very good harbour. The island of Terra de Bas is about nine miles in circumference, but the other is larger. These islands have constantly a fresh breeze, let the wind blow from what quarter it may; and on the Terra de Bas is a neat wooden church, with two very convenient creeks, both for anchorage and landing. They are about six miles distant from Guadaloupe, and 15 from Mariegalante. Long. 61. 32. W. Lat. 15. 56. N.

XAINTES. See Saintes.

XALAMA, a lofty mountain of the west of Spain, in the province of Leon.

XALAPA, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Oaxaca, containing 1000 familes of Indians.

XALAPA, a considerable town of Mexico, in the intendancy of Vera Cruz, formerly famous for the fair held on the arrival of the stated fleets from Europe; and ever since the commerce was declared free, it remains a considerable mart for European commodities. It stands on the southern skirts of a mountain, in a beautiful climate, the soil being clayey, and in parts stoney, while pure waters issue from a white sand, and fertilize the country. From the convent of St Francis there is a magnificent view of the colossal summit of the Coffre and the Pic d'Orizaba, of the declivity of the Cordillera, of the river of L'Antigua, and even of the ocean. The sky of Xalapa, beautiful and serene in summer, from the month of December to the month of February wears a most melancholy aspect. Whenever the north wind blows at Vera Cruz, the inhabitants of Xalapa are enveloped in a thick fog. The thermometer then descends to 63° and 66° of Fahrenheit, and during this period, the sun and stars are frequently invisible for two or three weeks together. The richest merchants of Vera Cruz have country houses at Xalapa, in which they enjoy a cool and agreeable retreat; while the coast is almost uninhabitable, from the mosquitos, the great heats, and the yellow fever. In this small town there is an excellent school for drawing, founded within these few years, in which the children of poor artizans are instructed at the expence of people in better circumstances. From the eastern coast, as has been ex

plained more at length under the article Mexico, the land rises towards the interior by a gentle ascent, until it reaches an elevation of about 8000 feet, when it spreads out into extensive plains, known by the name of table-land. Xalapa is situated about half way up this ascent, being 4264 feet above the level of the sea. It is estimated to contain 13,000 inhabitants, and is about 50 miles N. W. of Vera Cruz, and 80 E. of Mexico.

XALATLACO, SANTA MARIA DE, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Oaxaca, containing 380 Indian families, and 40 of Spaniards.

XALCOMULCO, a settlement of Mexico, in the district of Xalapa, containing 162 Indian families.

XALISCO, an insignificant settlement of Mexico, containing 90 Indian families.

XALON, a considerable river in the north of Spain, in the province of Arragon. It falls into the Ebro, above Saragossa.

XALPANTEPEC, a settlement of Mexico, in the district of Guauchinango, containing 132 Indian families.

XALTENGO, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 180 families of Indians.

XALTEPEC, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Oaxaca, containing 112 Indian families.

XALTOCAN, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 217 Indian families.

XAMILTEPEC, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 120 Indian families.

XAMILTEPEC, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Oaxaca, containing 700 Indian families.

XAMUNDI, a river of South America, in the New Kingdom of Granada, and province of Antioquia, which enters the Cauca XAN, a small river of the principality of Georgia, which falls into the Kur, 6 miles E. of Gori.

XANGA, one of the Querimba islands, in the Indian sea, near the coast of Africs. Lat. 10. 45. S.

XANILA, a small village of Fezzan, en the caravan route to Egypt, 140 miles E. N. E. of Mourzouk.

XANTEN, a small town of the Prussian states, near the Rhine. Population 2000 12 miles S. E. of Cleves.

XAQUES, a small island of South Ame rica, opposite the mouth of the river Plats. Lat. 35. 28. S.

XARAFNEL, a small town in the east of Spain, in Valencia, with 2000 inhabitants, 45 miles W. S. W. of Valencia.

XARAMA, or JARAMA, a river in the interior of Spain, in the provinces of Gus

dalaxara and Toledo, which falls into the Tagus, to the west of Aranjuez.

XARAYES, a large and extensive plain of South America, about 300 miles long from north to south, and the depository, during the rainy season, of the superfluous waters of the Paraguay, by which it is watered, which are spread over the flat country to a great extent, 30 miles in length, and 15 in breadth, and form a large lake, known under this title. At certain times of the year, however, the waters subside, and discover the greater part of the plain; and the river betakes itself to its own bed, although many lakes are still left, of the size of from six to seven leagues in circumference. The land, upon the subsiding of the waters, is found covered with reeds and other plants, resembling arrows. In the general inundation, the navigation is made by canoes and barks; and then the Portuguese of Cuyaba traverse it, passing directly along the river of this name to the Paraguay, which they cannot do when the waters sink, but have to go round about 200 leagues, in order to pass down the river of Los Porrudos to the Paraguay. In the middle of the lake are some islands, covered with some lofty trees, of various kinds, amongst which are found the cassia and the trees distilling gum-arabic. When the waters are at their height, they overtop these trees by 12 yards. The number of crocodiles here are immense.

XATIVA. See St Felippe.
XAVIER. See Sanguesa.
XAVIER. See Sabi.

XAVIER, SAN, a river of Mexico, in North America. It takes its rise on the western side of the mountains, which form the point of separation between the streams that flow into the gulf of Mexico, and those which flow into the Pacific ocean. It falls into the river De los Dolores, a little before its confluence with the San Rafael, where their united streams form the great Rio de Colorado of California.

XAVIER, ST, an Indian settlement in the province and government of Buenos Ayres, on the west bank of the Parana, 76 miles N. E. of Santa Fe. Long. 60. 7. 15. W. Lat. 30. 32. 15. S.

XAVIER, ST, another settlement of Indians, in the province and government of Buenos Ayres, situate on a small river on the north bank of the Uruguay, a little to the north-east of Martires, in Long. 55. 14. 4. W. Lat. 27. 51. 8. S.

XAVIER, ST, a river of Canada, which runs into the Pickoouagamis, Long. 73. 50, W. Lat. 48. 53. N.

XAVIER, ST, an island of Canada, at the conflux of the St Xavier and Pickoouagamis. XAVIER, ST, a town of South America,

in the province of Moxes, 180 miles N. of Santa Cruz de la Sierra la Nueva.

XAVIER, ST, a town of South America, in the audience of Quito, 30 miles S. E. of St Josef de Huales.

XAVIER, ST, a town of Mexico, in the province of New Biscay, 70 miles W. of Parral.

XAVIER, ST, a town of South America, in the province of Chiquitos, 110 miles N. E. of Santa Cruz de la Sierra Nueva.

XAVIER, ST, a town of New Navarre, 45 miles S. S. W. of Casa Grande.

XAVIER, ST, DE MACAGUANA, a town of South America, in the kingdom of Granada, 100 miles E. of Tunia.

XAVIER GOGO, a small seaport of Whidah, in Western Africa, 12 miles N.N.E. of Sabi. XAVIER ZANTE, a small village of Whidah, in Africa, 14 miles N. W. of Sabi.

XAUXA, or JAUXA, a province of Peru, bounded north and north-east by the province of Tarma, east by the mountain of the Indians, south-east by the province of Huanta, south by that of Angaraes, southwest by that of Yauyos, and west by that of Guarochiri. It is 12 leagues long from north to south, and 15 broad from east to west. This province is a ravine or valley of delightful temperature, although on the heights of either side of it a considerable degree of cold is felt. These heights contain various estates of cattle, the wool of which is manufactured into cloth. Papas, and other fruits peculiar to mountainous countries, are produced here; also great quantities of wheat and barley, with which the inhabitants fatten their herds of swine. Vegetables of all sorts are likewise raised. This province is watered by many streams. In the reign of the incas of Peru, Xauxa was one of the most populous districts, traces of which are still visible, in the numerous remains of towns and large castles. It has some silver mines, but few of these are worked. Population 52,286.

XAUXA, the capital of a district of the same name, situated near the river Xauxa. It has some woollen manufactures.

XAUXA, a large and abundant river of Peru, which has its source in lake Chinchaicocha, in the province of Tarma. It traverses the province of Xauxa, passes that of Huanta, dividing it from Angaraes; and, after collecting the waters of many other rivers in its course, enters the Apurimac. It has a beautiful stone bridge across it, called the bridge of Iscuchaca, about 66 miles S. of Tarma, which facilitates the pass into the province of Augaraes.

XAUXILLA, a small mud fort of Mexico, in the intendancy of Valladolid, situated on an island just large enough to contain it, in the lake of Zacapo, a short distance from

the village of that name. It is surrounded by a swamp or pond, containing five or six feet of water, and can only be reached by canoes. It was visited by Mina, during his unsuccessful inroad into the country.

XAXALES, a small village of Mexico, situated on the Rio del Norte.

XAXO, a settlement of the Caraccas, in the province of Maracaibo, between the cities of Merida and Truxillo.

XELSA, a small town in the north-east of Spain, in Arragon, on the Ebro, 31 miles S. E. of Saragossa.

XENDAY, a considerable town of Niphon, in Japan, 115 miles N. E. of Jedo.

XENIA, a post town of the United States, and chief town of Green county, Ohio, on the Shawnoe Creek, 3 miles from the Little Miami, 30 S. W. of Urbana, and 55 N. N. E. of Cincinnati. It is a flourishing town, and contains a court-house, a jail, an academy, and had, in 1817, about 600 inhabitants. There are two houses of public worship in the village, and another in sight, two of brick, and the other of stone. The houses recently built, are chiefly of brick and stone.

XENIL, OF GENIL, a river of Spain, which rises near Granada, and flows into the Guadalquivir at Palma.

XEQUETEPEQUE, a village of South America, in the province of Sana, in Peru, about a mile from the river of the same name. It is on the road from Valles to Lima. XERES, a town of the Caraccas, now reduced to a miserable village, 15 leagues S. of Valencia.

XERES, a town of Mexico, in the intendancy of Zacatecas. It formerly carried on an extensive commerce. Its population now consists almost entirely of people of colour. 47 leagues N. of Guadalaxara, and 25 miles S. of Zacatecas. Lat. 22. 40. N.

XERES DE BADAJOS, or XERES DE LOS CABALEROS, a considerable inland town of the south-west of Spain, in Estremadura, on the small river Ardilla. It contains 8700 inhabitants, has manufactures of linen and leather, and in the environs very extensive pastures, it being reckoned, that at least 50,000 head of cattle reared in this neighbourhood, are disposed of at the annual fairs, and sent to the surrounding towns. It is situated 90 miles N. N. W. of Seville, and 34 S. of Badajoz ; but being remote from the coast, and from any great road, is rarely visited by travellers.

XERES DE LA FRONTERA, a large and ancient town in the south-west of Spain, in Andalusia, 16 miles N. N. E. of Cadiz. It is agreeably situated on the banks of the small river Guadalette, in the midst of one of the richest and best cultivated districts of Spain. The en

trance into the town from Cadiz, is striking, and passes by the end of a pleasant and well shaded public walk. The interior is better than that of most Spanish towns: the streets are wider than those of Cadiz, are well lighted, clean, and neatly paved, and some of the houses are splendid. The town is surrounded with a wall, contains a large square, and has a very neat council-house. Here are four churches of considerable size, but none are so remarkable as the convent of the Carthusians, a magnificent building, two miles from Xeres, containing a number of beautiful paintings.

Xeres is a place of great antiquity; it is supposed to be built on the site of the ancient Asta Regia; and the old and new towns are separated by a wall of Roman erection, still in good preservation, and of such thickness, that the merchants have excavated cellars in it for their wines. It was on a plain adjoining to this town that was fought, in 711, the famous battle between the Moors and the Goths, in which the latter were completely defeated, their king, Roderick, slain, and their empire overturned.

The population of Xeres is between 20,000 and 30,000. The pueblo or district belonging to the town, is of the size of one of our Welsh counties (45 miles in length and 18 in breadth), but so thinly peopled as not to contain 5000 inhabitants. The chief trade of the town is in wine, the growers of which are, as in other parts of Spain, so destitute of capital, as to be enabled to raise their annual produce only by advances from the merchants. The climate, however, is very good; and this is the country of the wine known under the name of Sherry, a corruption of Xeres. There are also some sweet wines produced in this neighbourhood, of which the best known is the vino tinto, or Tent wine.

XERES DE LA FRONTERA, a village of Paraguay, once flourishing, but now in ruins. It was situated between the Paraguay and Parana.

XERICA, or ZERICA, a walled town of the east of Spain, in Valencia. Population 2300. 81 miles W. N. W. of Segorbe.

XERTE, a small town of the north of Spain, in the province of Leon.

XERTIGNY, a village of France, department of the Vosges, on the river Amercy. Population 2600.

XETAFE, a small town in the interior of Spain, 9 miles S. of Madrid.

XEXUY, a river of Paraguay, which enters the Paraguay above the city of Assumption. XEXUY-GUAZU, a river of the same province, which has a course nearly the same as the former river.

XEXUY-MINI, a small river of the same

province, which runs south-south-west, and enters the Xexuy.

XIBACA, a town of Niphon, in Japan, 130 miles S. W. of Meaco.

XICALTEPEC, an Indian settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Valladolid. XICAPOTLA, 3 settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 157 Indian families.

XICOCO, or SIKOKF, an island, the smallest of the three which compose the empire of Japan. It is about 100 miles in length, and 60 in breadth. It is separated only by narrow straits, from the island of Niphon on the one side, and Ximo on the other. This island is inaccessible, and almost entirely unknown, to Europeans.

XICOTLUN, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of La Puebla, containing 260 Indian and Spanish families. 45 leagues S. E. of Mexico.

XILOCA, a river of Spain, in Arragon, which joins the Xalon at Calatayud.

XILO-KASTRO, a small town of European Turkey, in the Morea, built on the site of the ancient Egira. It was destroyed in 1770, and still remains in a dilapidated state. 20 miles W. N. W. of Corinth.

XILOTEPEC, a town of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, and capital of a district of the same name, containing 3700 Indian families. 60 miles N. of Mexico.

XILOTEPEC, another settlement in the district of Xalapa, and intendancy of Vera Cruz, containing 162 families of Indians.

XILOTEPEC, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Oaxaca, containing 120 families of Indians.

XILOTLAN, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Valladolid, containing 80 Indian families.

XIMABARA, a town of Ximo, in Japan, situated on a gulf to which it gives name, 33 miles E. of Mangasaki.

XIMAGUINO, a town of Xicoco, in Japan, 10 miles S. of Awa.

XIMBURA, a settlement of Quito, in the province of Loxa.

XIMENA, a small town of Spain, in the province of Seville, 66 miles S.S.E. of Seville. XIMENEZ, a settlement of South America, in the province of Tucuman.

XIMO, or KIUSIU, an island of Japan, second in magnitude to Niphon. It is up wards of 200 miles in length, about 150 in breadth, and contains many excellent harbours and flourishing cities. It is said to have formerly composed a kingdom by itself, but is now subjected to the general sway. It is remarkable as the only part of the empire into which Europeans can procure admission. It contains Nangasaki, to which the Dutch are still allowed to send their annual vessel; and near its coast is

also Firando, where the Portuguese had an establishment, from which, however, they are now entirely banished. In other respects, Ximo is as little known to Europeans as the rest of the empire.

XIMONOSEQUI, a seaport on the southwest coast of Niphon, in Japan, having an excellent harbour, and carrying_on_ a considerable trade. Long. 132. 20. E. Lat. 33 50. N.

XINGU. See Chingu.

XIPICAPA, a settlement of Quito, in the province of Guayaquil, about 6 miles from the Pacific ocean, in Lat. 1. 23. S.

XIQUILPAN, a town of Mexico, and chief place of a district of the same name, containing 158 Indian families, and 186 of Spaniards, mulattoes, &c.

XIXONA, an inland town of the east of Spain, in Valencia, among the mountains. It has a castle, on a hill overlooking the town; and in the environs is produced an immense quantity of cochineal. Almouds also form a principal article of export. Population nearly 5000. 15 miles N. N. W. of Alicant..

XOCA, a small river of South America, in New Granada, which runs south-east, and enters the Apure.

XOCHIMILCO, one of the five lakes in the valley of Mexico. Its water is pure and limpid; and it is about 6 square leagues in extent. It is separated from Lake Chalco by a narrow dike. Between the extremities of this lake and of Lake Tezcuco, is situated the city of Mexico. It is about six miles distant from Lake Xochimilco, with which, however, it communicates by means of a canal; and thus its commerce with the surrounding country is greatly facilitated.

XOCOTEAPA, S. PEDRO DE OAXACA, a settlement of Mexico, in the district of Acayuca, 100 leagues S. E. of Mexico, containing 350 Indian families.

XOCOTEPEC, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of La Puebla, 91 miles N. E. of Mexico, containing 212 Indian families.

XONACATEPEC, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 813 Indian families.

XONACATLAN, a settlement of Mexico, in the district of San Juan de los Llanos, 38 leagues E. of Mexico, containing 540 Indian families.

XOXUTLA, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 316 Indian families.

XUCAR (the Sucro of the ancients), a large river in the east of Spain, which rises in the Sierra de Molina, on the east borders of New Castile. It waters part of the province of Cuença, flowing nearly south, and enters the province of Valencia,

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