To the Reverend Dr. FOTHERGILL, Vice-Chancellor 1775. of the University of Oxford, to be communicated to Etat. the Heads of Houses, and proposed in Convocation.

"MR. VICE-CHANCELLOR AND GENTLEMEN,

"THE honour of the degree of M. A. by diploma, formerly conferred upon Mr. SAMUEL JOHNSON, in consequence of his having eminently distinguished himself by the publication of a series of Essays, excellently calculated to form the manners of the people, and in which the cause of religion and morality has been maintained and recommended by the strongest powers of argument and elegance of language, reflected an equal degree of lustre upon the University itself.

"The many learned labours which have since that time employed the attention and displayed the abilities of that great man, so much to the advancement of literature and the benefit of the community, render him worthy of more distinguished honours in the Republick of letters and I persuade myself, that I shall act agreeably to the sentiments of the whole University, in desiring that it may be proposed in Convocation to confer on him the degree of Doctor in Civil Law by diploma, to which I readily give my consent; and am,

"Mr. Vice-Chancellor and Gentlemen,

"Your affectionate friend and servant,
"NORTH."

"Downing-street, March 23, 1775."

DIPLOMA.

"CANCELLARIUS, Magistri, et Scholares Universitatis Oxoniensis omnibus ad quos presentes Literæ pervenerint, salutem in Domino Sempiternam.

"SCIATIS, virum illustrem, SAMUELEM JOHNSON, in omni humaniorum literarum genere eruditum, omniumque scientiarum comprehensione felicissimum, scriptis suis, ad popularium mores formandos summá verborum elegantia ac sententiarum gravitate compositis, ita olim in

4 Extracted from the Convocation Register, Oxford.

66.

1775. claruisse, ut dignus videretur cui ab Academia sua eximia quædam laudis præmia deferentur, quique venerabilem 66. Magistrorum Ordinem summa cum dignitate cooptaretur:

Etat.

"Cùm verò eundem clarissimum virum tot posted tantique labores, in patrid præsertim lingud ornandd et stabilienda feliciter impensi, ita insigniverint, ut in Literarum Republica PRINCEPS jam et PRIMARIUS jure habeatur; Nos, CANCELLARIUS, Magistri, et Scholares Universitatis Oxoniensis, quò talis viri merita pari honoris remuneratione excequentur, et perpetuum suæ simul laudis, nostræque ergd literas propensissimæ voluntatis extet monumentum, in solenni Convocatione Doctorum et Magistrorum Regentium, et non Regentium, prædictum SAMUELEM JOHNSON Doctorem in Jure Civili renunciavimus et constituimus, eumque virtute præsentis Diplomatis singulis juribus, privilegiis et honoribus, ad istum gradum quàquà pertinentibus, frui et gaudere jussiIn cujus rei testimonium commune Universitatis Oxoniensis sigillum præsentibus apponi fecimus.

mus.

"Datum in Domo nostræ Convocationis die tricesimo Mensis Martii, Anno Domini Millesimo septingentesimo, septuagesimo quinto."s

"Viro Reverendo THOME FOTHERGILL, S. T. P. Universitatis Oxoniensis Vice-Cancellario..

S. P.D.

"SAM. JOHNSON.

"MULTIS non est opus, ut testimonium, quo, te præside, Oxonienses nomen meum posteris commendárunt,

5 The original is in my possession. He shewed me the Diploma, and allowed me to read it, but would not consent to my taking a copy of it, fearing perhaps that I should blaze it abroad in his life-time. His objection to this appears from his 99th letter to Mrs. Thrale, whom in letter he thus scolds for the grossness of her flattery of him." The other Oxford news is, that they have sent me a degree of Doctor of Laws, with such praises in the Diploma as perhaps ought to make me ashamed they are very like your praises. I wonder whether I shall ever shew it to you."

It is remarkable that he never, so far as I know, assumed his title of Doctor, but called himself Mr. Johnson, as appears from many of his cards or notes to myself, and I have seen many from him to other persons, in which he uniformly takes that designation.-I once observed on his table a letter directed to him with the addition of Esquire, and objected to it as being a designation inferiour to that of Doctor; but he checked me, and seemed pleased with it, because, as I conjectured, he liked to be sometimes taken out of the class of literary men, and to be merely genteel,-un gentilhomme comme un autre.

quali animo acceperim compertum faciam. Nemo sibi 1775. placens non lætatur; nemo sibi non placet, qui vobis, lit- Etat. erarum arbitris, placere potuit. Hoc tamen habet in- 66. commodi tantum beneficium, quod mihi nunquam posthác sine vestræ famæ detrimento vel labi liceat vel cessare; semperque sit timendum, ne quod mihi tam eximice laudi est, vobis aliquando fiat approbrio. Vale."

"7. Id. Apr. 1775."

He revised some sheets of Lord Hailes's "Annals of Scotland," and wrote a few notes on the margin with red ink, which he bade me tell his Lordship did not sink into the paper, and might be wiped off with a wet sponge, so that he did not spoil his manuscript.-I observed to him that there were very few of his friends so accurate as that I could venture to put down in writing what they told me as his sayings. JOHNSON. "Why should you write down my sayings?" BOSWELL. “I write them when they are good." JOHNSON. "Nay, you may as well write down the sayings of any one else that are good." But where, I might with great propriety have added, can I find such?

I visited him by appointment in the evening, and we drank tea with Mrs. Williams. He told me that he had been in the company of a gentleman whose extraordinary travels had been much the subject of conversation. But I found he had not listened to him with that full confidence, without which there is little satisfaction in the society of travellers. I was curious to hear what opinion so able a judge as Johnson had formed of his abilities, and I asked if he was not a man of sense. JOHNSON. "Why, Sir, he is not a distinct relater; and I should say, he is neither abounding nor deficient in sense. I did not perceive any superiority of understanding." BOSWELL. "But will you not allow him a nobleness of resolution, in penetrating into distant regions?" JOHNSON. " That, Sir, is not to the present purpose: We are talking of sense. A fighting

cock has a nobleness of resolution."

"The original is in the hands of Dr. Fothergill, then Vice-Chancellor, who made this transcript." T. WARTON.

1775.

6

Next day, Sunday, April 2, I dined with him at Mr. Etat. Hoole's. We talked of Pope. JOHNSON. "He wrote 66. his Dunciad' for fame. That was his primary motive. Had it not been for that, the dunces might have railed against him till they were weary, without his troubling himself about them. He delighted to vex them, no doubt; but he had more delight in seeing how well he could vex them."

The "Odes to Obscurity and Oblivion," in ridicule of "cool Mason and warm Gray," being mentioned, Johnson said, "They are Colman's best things. Upon its being observed that it was believed these Odes were made by Colman and Lloyd jointly;-JOHNSON. Nay, Sir, how can two people make an Ode? Perhaps one made one of them, and one the other." I observed that two people had made a play, and quoted the anecdote of Beaumont and Fletcher, who were brought under suspicion of treason, because while concerting the plan of a tragedy when sitting together at a tavern, one of them was overheard saying to the other, "I'll kill the King." JOHNSON. "The first of these Odes is the best; but they are both good. They exposed a very bad kind of writing." BOSWELL. "Surely, Sir, Mr. Mason's Elfrida' is a fine Poem: at least you will allow there are some good passages in it." JOHNSON. "There are now and then some good imitations of Milton's bad manner."

6

I often wondered at his low estimation of the writings of Gray and Mason. Of Gray's poetry I have in a former part of this work, expressed my high opinion; and for that of Mr. Mason I have ever entertained a warm admiration. His "Elfrida" is exquisite, both in poetical description and moral sentiment; and his "Caractacus" is a noble drama. Nor can I omit paying my tribute of praise to some of his smaller poems, which I have read with pleasure, and which no criticism shall persuade me not to like. If I wondered at Johnson's not tasting the works of Mason and Gray, still more have I wondered at their not tasting his works that they should be insensible to his energy of diction, to his splendour of images, and comprehension

of thought. Tastes may differ as to the violin, the flute, 1775. the hautboy, in short all the lesser instruments: but Etat. who can be insensible to the powerful impressions of 66. the majestick organ?

His "Taxation no Tyranny" being mentioned, he said, "I think I have not been attacked enough for it. Attack is the re-action; I never think I have hit hard, unless it re-bounds." BoswELL. "I don't know, Sir, what you would be at. Five or six shots of small arms in every newspaper, and repeated cannonading in pamphlets, might, I think, satisfy you. But, Sir, you'll never make out this match, of which we have talked, with a certain political lady, since you are so severe against her principles." JOHNSON. "Nay, Sir, I have the better chance for that. She is like the Amazons of old; she must be courted by the sword. But I have not been severe upon her." BOSWELL. "Yes, Sir, you have made her ridiculous." JOHNSON. "That was already done, Sir. To endeavour to make her ridiculous, is like blacking the chimney."

66

I put him in mind that the landlord at Ellon in Scotland said, that he heard he was the greatest man in England,-next to Lord Mansfield. Ay, Sir, (said he,) the exception defined the idea. A Scotchman go no farther:

could

The force of Nature could no farther go."

peo

Lady Miller's collection of verses by fashionable ple, which were put into her vase at Batheaston villa, near Bath, in competition for honorary prizes, being mentioned, he held them very cheap: "Bouts rimés (said he,) is a mere conceit, and an old conceit now; I wonder how people were persuaded to write in that manner for this lady." I named a gentleman of his acquaintance who wrote for the Vase. JOHNSON. "He was a blockhead for his pains." BoswELL. "The Duchess of Northumberland wrote." JOHNSON. "Sir, the Duchess of Northumberland may do what she pleases: nobody will say any thing to a lady of her high rank. But I should be apt to throw ******ʼs verses in his face."