THE

FROZEN STREAM.

AN ACCOUNT OF

THE FORMATION AND PROPERTIES OF ICE

IN VARIOUS PARTS OF THE WORLD.

BY

CHARLES TOMLINSON,

LECTURER ON SCIENCE, KING'S COLLEGE SCHOOL, LONDON.

PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF

THE COMMITTEE OF GENERAL LITERATURE AND EDUCATION,
APPOINTED BY THE SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING

CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE.

LONDON:

SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE
SOLD AT THE DEPOSITORIES:

77, GREAT QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS;
4, ROYAL EXCHANGE; 48, PICCADILLY;

AND BY ALL BOOKSELLERS.

1842.
C

180
196. g

д

ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENTS.

INTRODUCTION.

THE GENERAL PHENOMENA OF ICE IN VARIOUS PARTS OF THE

WORLD.

Astonishment produced by ice in the torrid zone, page 3.-Ice

in the frigid zone, 3.-In the temperate zone, 4. — The

glacier ice of Greenland, 4.-Icebergs, 5.-Their forms and

colours, 6.- Cooling influence, 6.-Their dangers, 7.-

Antarctic ice, 7.-The icy barrier, 8.-Ascent of Mont

Blanc, &c., 8.-Ice and snow in the Himalayas, 9.-Glaciers

and avalanches, 10.-Motion of a glacier, 11.—Breaking up

of ice, 12.-The Victoria Bridge over the St. Lawrence, 12.

---Anchor or ground ice; 13.A jamb in the river, 14.—

Packings and shovings, 14. The ice-bridge, 15.-Crossing the

river when partially frozen, 15.-Difficulties and dangers of

the transit, 17.-Appearance of the frozen river, 20.-The ice

road or bridge, 20.—Travelling on frozen rivers, 21.—Àir

holes, 21.-Sledge travelling on the ice, 21.-Effects of frost

in the British Isles, 23.-Frost on the window-pane, 25.—The

starry heavens, 26.-Effects of cold on the human frame, 26.

-The Esquimaux, 27.-Effects of cold in the Arctic regions,

27.-Beauty of snow-huts, 29.-Endurance of cold, 29.-Its

physiological effects, 30.-Drowsiness, 31.-The case of Sir

Joseph Banks and Dr. Solander, 31.-Frost bites, 35.-Action

of cold metal, 36.-Winter in St. Petersburgh, described by

Mr. Kohl, 36.-Amusements on the ice, 37.-Effects of cold

on the lower animals, 37.—Migration and hybernation, 38.-

Cause of the winter sleep of animals, 39.-Summer sleep, 40.-

Great powers of endurance of cold, 40.-Remarkable examples,