C. Barbus, Barbel. Chap. XIV. page 199.

Bluish-white Carp, with 4 beards, olive-coloured back, and the first ray of the Dorsal fin serrated on both sides.

C. Jeses, Chub. Chap. 11. page 55.

Silvery-bluish Carp, with olivaceous back, thick head, and rounded snout.

C. Leuciscus, Dace. Chap. XVII. page 219.

Yellowish-silvery Carp, with olivaceous back, Dorsal fin brown, the rest reddish, and forked tail.

C. Alburnus, Bleak, Chap. xv. page 205.

Silvery Carp, with olivaceous back, 20 rays in the Anal fin, and forked tail.

C. Gobio, Gudgeon. Chap. xv. page 203.

Silvery-Olive Carp, with the upper lip bearded, and the Dorsal fin and tail spotted with black.

C. Phoxinus, Minnow. Chap. XVIII. pages 230, 231.

Blackish-green Carp, with blue and yellow variegations; reddish silvery Abdomen, and forked tail.

PREVIOUS to entering upon the following series of illustrative Notes, it may be advantageous to state what were the books to which the Authors of the preceding work have referred in the course of it; and, so far as they now can be ascertained, to specify the probable editions which they consulted. By doing this Walton's principal authorities will appear at one view; and by numbering each article separately, a connection will be formed between them and the following Notes, without the continual repetition of the title of any volume which may be referred to. Walton, by an admirable selection of his authors, was enabled to quote not only the best, most learned, and most popular, writers of his own time, but he also was rendered capable of citing numerous ancient classics, as well as the works of many eminent foreigners, whose productions were generally written in Latin. The Complete Angler was, perhaps, fully as much as any

other work in the English tongue, a progressive composition; since each succeeding edition, down to the Fifth,which was the last published in the Author's life,- contained some variation, addition, or improvement, on that which preceded it. Though Walton certainly anticipated future impressions of his most entertaining work, yet in the Preface to his First Edition, which was afterwards considerably altered, he writes of such a circumstance with very great modesty. When speaking of the flies which are used for the different months, he says: "Of "these (because no man is born an artist nor an Angler) "I thought fit to give thee this notice. I might say more, but it is not fit for this place: but if this Discourse which follows, shall come to a second impression, "which is possible, for slight books have been in this age observed to have that fortune; I shall then for thy sake, be glad to correct what is faulty, or, by a "conference with any, to explain or enlarge what is de"fective; but for this time I have neither a willingness nor leisure to say more, than wish thee a rainy even"ing to read this book in, and that the east wind may

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never blow when thou goest a fishing. Farewel. Iz. "WA." He faithfully fulfilled this promise, for the Second Edition, has Eight entirely new Chapters, and above an hundred pages more than the First; and the Fifth contains twenty pages more than the Fourth.*

As these various Editions are referred to in the succeeding Notes by the number of the impression only, a list of them in the order of publication is here given. First, 1653 - Second, 1655- Third, 1664-Fourth, 1668 - Fifth, 1676. Of all these impressions, copie are in the possession of W.J. BRODERIP, Esq., with the most liberal use of which, beside other assistance, the Editor has been favoured for the improvement of this work.

B B

It is from these variations, the most important of which will be found carefully preserved in the following Notes, that a conception may be formed of the editions used by Walton of the authors whom he cites; and it is from a careful collation of these earlier impressions, that some illustrations of the text have been recovered, from marginal notes which were afterwards omitted. Nor from the author only have such illustrations been compiled, but the Editions of the Complete Angler by the Reverend Moses Browne, Sir John Hawkins, Sir Henry Ellis, and the elaborate and beautiful impression edited by Sir N. Harris Nicolas, published eight years since by Mr. Pickering,— have been also consulted; and the collection formed into a brief but comprehensive abstract of all. Brief indeed, the plan of the present volume required it to be, although it would in most instances have been truly interesting to have given the very words of the ancient and erudite authorities themselves; but these extracts extend occasionally to many pages, and are to be found in the impressions referred to. The reader has however the less to regret, since he will find on a reference to the originals, that Walton has so happily abbreviated them, as in the words of Addison, to have "practised in the chemical method, and given the virtue "of a bulky draught in a few drops." Such as are familiar with the literature of the time will find the ensuing Notes almost all which can be required, since they will serve as an index to many of the passages referred to in the numerous authors quoted; while for the general reader, it is presumed there will be sufficient to amuse and guide him, without the introduction of quaint extracts, which he would neither value or enjoy.

The works referred to in The Complete Angler, are presumed to be the following.

1. Elianus, Claudius: De Naturâ Animalium, libri xvII. Gr. Lat. Pet. Gillio et Conr. Gesnero Interp. Lugd. 1565. 16to.

2. Aldrovandus, Ulysses: De Piscibvs, libri v. et de Cetis liber vnvs. Bon. 1638. fol.

3. Bacon, Francis, Baron Verulam : Sylva Sylvarum: or a Naturall History in Ten Centuries. Published after the Author's death, by W. Rawley, D.D. Lond. 1635. fol.

4.

A History, Natural and Experimental, of Life and Death or of the Prolongation of Life. Translated from the Latin by W. Rawley, D.D. Lond. 1638. 12mo.

5. Baker, Sir Richard; A Chronicle of the Kings of England. Lond. 1653. fol.

6. Barker, Thomas: The Art of Angling. Lond. 1661. 12mo. 7. Bartas, Guillaume De Salluste, Sieur Du: Du Bartas his Diuine Weekes and Workes. Translated by Joshua Sylvester, Gent. Lond. 1641. fol.

8. Camden, William Britain: or a Chorographical Description of the most flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the Islands adjoining. Translated from the Latin, by Philemon Holland, M.D. Lond. 1637. fol. 9. Cardanus, Jerome: De Subtilitate, libri xxi. Par. 1551. 8vo. 10. Casaubon, Dr. Meric: Of Credulity and Incredulity, in things Natural, Civil, and Divine. Lond. 1668. 8vo.

11. Caussin, Nicholas The Holy Court. 1663. fol.

12. Diodorus Siculus: The History of the World; Done into English by Mr. (Henry) Cogan. Lond. 1653. fol.

13. Donne, Dr. John: Poems by J. D. with Elegies on the Author's Death. Lond. 1663. 4to.

14. Drayton, Michael: Poly-Olbion. Lond. (1612.) fol.