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16

Nox media, et dominae mihi venit epistula nostrae :
Tibure me missa iussit adesse mora,

candida qua geminas ostendunt culmina turres
et cadit in patulos lympha Aniena lacus.
5 quid faciam? obductis committam mene tenebris,
ut timeam audaces in mea membra manus?

at si distulero haec nostro mandata timore,

nocturno fletus saevior hoste mihi.

peccaram semel, et totum sum pulsus in annum :
in me mansuetas non habet illa manus.

16. 9. pulsus FLDV portus N postus Phillimore tortus Gwynn.

3, 16

I-10: 'A summons from Cynthia at midnight to come to Tibur at once! Which alternative is to be accepted to risk the perils of the journey, or to risk her displeasure? II-20: But all the world loves a lover, and I shall be safe; 21-30: even if I die in the attempt, it will be worth while; she will honor my tomb- and may it be "far from the madding crowd!"

2. Tibure locative. Cynthia probably spent a considerable part of her time in this beautiful and popular suburban resort (cf. 2, 32, 5), and was buried there (4, 7, 81-86). Cf. Lanciani, Wanderings in the Roman Campagna, pp. 88 sqq.

3. candida . . . culmina: hilltops on either side the Anio covered

with villas and temples which would glisten in the moonlight as well as in the sunshine. - geminas . . turres: high buildings on the two sides of the river. Cf. Tib. 1, 7, 19.

4. On these famous falls cf. Hor. Car. 1, 7, 12: domus Albuneae resonantis et praeceps Anio ac Tiburni lucus et uda mobilibus pomaria rivis.

5. obductis sc. caelo or terrae.

mene for a similar position of the interrogative particle, cf. 3, 6, 12: ornabat niveas nullane gemma manus?

6. audaces in mea membra for the dangers from highway robbers, cf. Juv. 3, 302-308; 10, 20-21.

9. Cf. Intr. § 33.

10. in me: cf. in mea membra (v. 6).- mansuetas non manus the phrase justifies the expression pulsus in v. 9.

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nec tamen est quisquam, sacros qui laedat amantes :
Scironis media sic licet ire via.

quisquis amator erit, Scythicis licet ambulet oris :
nemo adeo ut noceat barbarus esse volet.
luna ministrat iter, demonstrant astra salebras,
ipse Amor accensas percutit ante faces,
saeva canum rabies morsus avertit hiantis :
huic generi quovis tempore tuta viast.
sanguine tam parvo quis enim spargatur amantis
inprobus? exclusis fit comes ipsa Venus.
quod si certa meos sequerentur funera casus,

talis mors pretio vel sit emenda mihi.

adferet haec unguenta mihi sertisque sepulcrum

16. percutit O praecutit Guyetus. 22. talis O tali V2. 23. haec Guyetus huc 0.

II. nec tamen est: 'and, after all, there isn't.' For the sentiment, cf. 2, 26, 45 sqq.; Tib. 1, 2, 27: quisquis amore tenetur, eat tutusque sacerque qualibet: insidias non timuisse decet.

12. Scironis: Sciron was a famous robber who haunted the road leading from the isthmus into Megara and Attica. He was slain by Theseus (C. S ).

13. This couplet, with unimportant variations, was found scratched upon the wall of the basilica in Pompeii; cf. CIL. 4, 1950.

16. ipse Amor: Cupid in person performs the duty of the slave that lights the way. accensas percutit kindles up and brandishes'; percutit is here an intensive form of quatit.

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ornabit custos ad mea busta sedens.
di faciant, mea ne terra locet ossa frequenti,
qua facit adsiduo tramite vulgus iter.
post mortem tumuli sic infamantur amantum.
me tegat arborea devia terra coma,

aut humer ignotae cumulis vallatus harenae.
non iuvat in media nomen habere via.

18

Clausus ab umbroso qua ludit pontus Averno,
fumida Baiarum stagna tepentis aquae,

18. 2. fumida Scaliger humida 0.

25. Lygdamus's wish was just the opposite: cf. Tib. 3, 2, 29, n. And Cynthia's tomb is represented as beside a road, the favorite custom in Roman sepulture.

28. arborea . . . coma can well be taken as a descriptive ablative with terra: cf. also 2, 13, 33.

29. Rather than lie in a public place he would prefer to be cast on an unknown shore, like Paetus (3, 7, 26).

3, 18

The death of M. Claudius Marcellus, son of Octavia, the sister of Augustus, at Baiae in 23 B.C., in the twentieth year of his age, disappointed many hopes. By his marriage in 25 B.C. to his cousin Julia, the daughter of Augustus, he had become the heir apparent, and as such was very acceptable to the Romans. Vergil immortalized his memory in the famous verses Aen.

6, 860-886, at the recital of which Octavia is said to have swooned. Propertius, however, takes pains not to mention the name of Marcellus anywhere. The elegy was evidently written soon after the

event.

1-10: In Baiae, home of myths and marvels, he is dead. 11-16: Yes, dead in spite of all he had to live for; 17-30: wealth and fame save none from death-witness kings and heroes of old; 31-34 but while Marcellus "goes the way of all the earth," it is for him a gathering to the gods.'

1. Clausus: i.e. by the narrow strip referred to in v. 4. -umbroso ... Averno: cf. Verg. Aen. 3, 442: divinosque lacus et Averna sonantia silvis; 6, 136–139; 238pontus: the bay of Baiae. 2. fumida... stagna: in apposition with pontus. - tepentis aquae the hot springs of this vol

242.

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qua iacet et Troiae tubicen Misenus arena,
et sonat Herculeo structa labore via,
hic ubi, mortales dexter cum quaereret urbes,
cymbala Thebano concrepuere deo,
(at nunc, invisae magno cum crimine Baiae,
quis deus in vestra constitit hostis aqua?)
his pressus Stygias vultum demisit in undas,

5. mortales N mortalis FLDV. dexter NFL dextra DV.

canic region appear not only on land but also here and there in the bay.

3. iacet... arena: cf. Verg. Aen. 6, 162: Misenum in litore sicco. The remarkable promontory at the outer western limit of the bay of Baiae was traditionally the tomb of the drowned Misenus, and is still called by his name, Capo di Miseno.

4. sonat: i.e. from the surf. Herculeo structa labore via this was a narrow strip of sand just wide enough for a carriage road separating the bay from the Lucrine Lake. The myth attributed its construction to Hercules (C. S.). Cf. 1, 11, 2: qua iacet Herculeis semita litoribus.

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cities of these campi phlegraei had been devastated by early wars, and were ever in danger of earthquake or volcanic cataclysm. — dexter... quaereret: visited with beneficent intent,' i.e. in introducing the vine which flourishes especially in Campania. The western progress of Dionysus is less celebrated than that in the east; cf.. however, Sil. Ital. 3, 101: tempore quo Bacchus populos domita

bat Hiberos.

6. Thebano... deo: Bacchus, who, according to the prevailing tradition, was born in Thebes; so, too, was Hercules. concrepuere: cf. Lucian, Bacch. 4; Cat. 64, 262. Bacchus follows Hercules similarly in Verg. Aen. 6, 801-807. 7. invisae ... Baiae vocative. -crimine: the charge was that of responsibility for the death of Marcellus.

8. hostis belongs to the predicate, and is contrasted with the previously mentioned kindly visits of Hercules and Bacchus.

9. his one of the vague ablatives of Propertius referring apparently to Baiae and its malign

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errat et in vestro spiritus ille lacu.
quid genus aut virtus aut optima profuit illi
mater, et amplexum Caesaris esse focos,
aut modo tam pleno fluitantia vela theatro,
et per maternas omnia gesta manus?
occidit, et misero steterat vigesimus annus:
tot bona tam parvo clausit in orbe dies.
i nunc, tolle animos et tecum finge triumphos,

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II. quid profuit: cf. 4, 11, II. genus: for the fame of the Claudian family cf. v. 33.

12. mater: Octavia retired henceforth to private life. Caesaris... focos: Marcellus became not only the son-in-law of Augustus, but his son by formal adoption.

13. modo but yesterday.'vela the awnings stretched over the theater by Marcellus at the shows he gave as Curule Aedile in the year of his death. He even stretched awnings over the Forum.

Cf. Pliny, N. H. 19, 24. The word gives one illustration of the lavishness with which he performed his official duties. Cf. also 4, 1, 15.

14. omnia perhaps includes all that Octavia did for her son before and after his death. Plutarch says she built the library in the Porticus Octaviae as a memorial to him.

15. And for the unfortunate youth his twentieth year suddenly stood still' (C. S.); .e. the passage of the year is thought of as like that of the sun or the moon, which should halt in the midst of its course. The tense is the familiar Propertian pluperfect.

16. dies his brief day' (C. S.).

17. Cf. 3. 7, 29; Ovid, Her. 9, 105: i nunc, tolle animos et fortia gesta recense. The pointing in this passage of the familiar moral that death is inevitable and impartial gives opportunity to compare the manner of Propertius with that of his contemporary Horace in such passages as Car. I, 4, 13-20; 1, 28, 7-16; 4, 7, 14-28.

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