Place being agreed on, his Coronation was fixt to be on his Birth-day, the Feast of St. Matthias, February the 24th, (which had been, as the Conceit was, on feveral Occafions, very fortunate to him) he then entring into the 31ft Year of his Age. For this Purpose a Gallery was built, from the Pontiff's Palace to the Cathedral, for the Pope and the Emperor to march on without Interruption, which was moft richly adorned. Two Days before the principal Ceremony, the Magiftrates of Monfa brought the Iron Crown, which used to be put on at Milan, for the Kingdom of Lombardy, but was now fet on The Emperor his Head here: The next, which was the Coronation with the Golden Crown, was with the greatest Ceremony and Solemnity that has been seen on any fuch Occafion. After the Emperor was got into the Cathedral the Gallery funk, and many of the Guards fell through, who were much hurt, tho' only one Flemish Gentleman was killed. Some fuperftitious Italians faid, The breaking of the Gallery behind him portended, that the Way was cut off, and no more Emperors should be crowned in Italy.

crowned.

Holds a Diet

The Emperor returned on the 22d at Augsburg. of March to Germany, attended by Cardinal Campeius, who was to be Agent for the Pope at the Diet to be held at Augsburg; which was accordingly held, and ended, as others had, without any material Determination; but fome Protests were entered, on the Behalf of the Lutheran Princes, against fundry Proceedings of the Diet, from whence all Diffenters from the Roman Catholick Religion were called PROTESTANTS, as they are at this Day.

The Emperor's Aunt, Margaret, Governess of the Low Countries, died in the Month of November at Mecklin, whofe Character we leave the Reader to collect from the Accounts we have given of her in the foregoing History. And here we fhall close

the

the Year 1530, as to the Affairs of France, Spain, Germany, and Italy.*

But it may not be amifs to obferve, that the famous Guicciardin commences his History of the Wars of Italy, with Charles the VIIIth's defigned Expedition into Italy, in the Year 1590, and concludes with speaking of the Death of Pope Clement the VIIIth, that happened on the 25th of Sept. 1533; (which we have given the Subftance of in the Course of our fhort Memoirs) and, on the Elecon of Pope Paul the IIId, he has thefe Words, "Touch"ing Pope Paul's Actions and Operations, whether they answered the Expectations conceived of him, or "whether they were worthy the incredible Gladness, " which the People of Rome looked to have had, after the "End of 130 Years, and after the Succeffion of 13 "Popes, and a Pope of Blood, by Nation a Roman, and "of the Language, Education, and Familiarity with "themselves, whom it ftandeth in Relation and Tefti66 mony

* As we shall speak nothing further of Luther or his Doctrines in particular, we shall juft mention, that he continued to employ the Remainder of his Time in propagating his new Doctrine, and died on the 18th of Feb. 1546. Bayle fays, A thousand Fables have been invented concerning his Death; nor did they • forbear publishing of Falfhoods upon this Subject after he had • departed this Life. His greatest Enemies could not deny but that he had eminent Qualities; and History affords nothing more furprizing than • what he has done. For a fimple Monk to be able to give • Popery fo rude a Shock, that • there needed but fuch another entirely to overthrow the Romish Church, is what we cannot fufficiently admire.'

Whilft the Troops of the Emperor Charles the Vth were quartered at Wirtemberg, in the Year 1547, a Soldier gave Martin Luther's Effigy, in the Church of the Castle, two Stabs with a Dagger: The Emperor did a very generous Action at that Time, for he would not fuffer Luther's Tomb to be any way defaced or demolished, and he forbid the infulting any thing of that Nature, upon Pain of Death, which the Spaniards earnestly follicited; but the Emperor very I have nonobly answered, thing farther to do with Luther, he hath henceforth another Judge, whofe Jurifdiction it is not lawful for me to ufurp: Know that I make War not with the Dead, but with the Living, who ftill make War against me.'

mony to write of the Accidents happening in Italy "fince his Election; fo is to be verified the Sentence of the Proverb, The Office fetteth out the "Dignity of the Perfon that manageth it."

THE Queen being provoked by her Affairs of Hufhand, the Earl of Angus's Behaviour Scotland. to her, and detaining the King, her Son,

1527.

against his Will, the Archbishop of St. Andrews perfuaded her to commence a Procefs, in order to be divorced from him, for which they had this Caufe to alledge, That he, having been be"trothen and given in Promife of Marriage to a "Noblewoman of the Kingdom, before he married “the Queen, could not be her lawful Husband, by "reafon of that Precontract." The Earl appeared to the Procefs, and confeffed the Charge against him, upon which the Archbishop pronounced the Divorce; bat with this Refervation, That the Daughter of "the Queen's Body, begot by the Earl during their Marriage, fhould not fuffer any Lofs, Damage or Difadvantage."

66

1528.

Some time after this the Queen obtained from Rome a Sentence to confirm the Divorce, and then she married Henry Stuart, afterwards created Lord Meffin, which drew feveral of the Nobility against her, and her Party, attempting the King's Delivery by Force, were defeated near Linlithgow, and the Earl of Lenox flain. Yet the King made his Escape, from the Earl of Angus, to the Caftle of Sterling; the Manner of which was thus: He fupped fooner than ordinary, and entertained the Captain of his Guard with more than common Ceremony, telling him, that he propofed early the next Morning to take the usual Diverfion of the Seafon, and therefore defired him to go to Reft; which, in Obedience to his Prince, he complied with, the King pretending to go to bed too: But, as foon as the Court was ftill, he fhift

ed

ed his Cloaths, and put on the Apparel of one of his Grooms; unperceived he paffed the Guard to the Stable, from whence, with two that waited for him, he made his Escape to Sterling, where the Queen was ready to receive him : And great was the Earl of Angus's Surprize, when he found the King was gone.

The next Day the King publickly declared, he would call a Parliament to fettle the Affairs of the Nation; and, notwithstanding several Attempts were made to prevent their Meeting, it was held in September. By the Votes of this Parliament the Earl of Angus, his Brother and Uncle, and Alexander Drummond, the Earl's great Friends, were condemned, their Goods confifcated, and Proclamation was made, "That, if any one entertained them, he or she should 66 undergo the fame Punishment."

The Douglas's now defpairing of Mercy, foraged and spoiled the Country even to the Gates of Edin burgh, which put the young King upon raising Forces, in order to fupprefs thefe Infurrections.

King Henry in the mean time, hearing of thefe Disturbances, fent Ambaffadors about the end of October into Scotland, in order to treat of an Accommodation, which was effected; a Truce between the two Nations being agreed on for five Years; and the Douglas's were to deliver up the ftrong Places they had in Scotland to their King, he giving them a Confideration: But they on performing their Part, not finding the Rewards expected, retired into Eng land, where they were honourably received by the King, and allowed Penfions.

It is true, Alexander Drummond was received into Favour, but whether on account of his Merit, or to divide the Douglas Faction, is uncertain: So that the young King a fecond time took on himself the Reigns of Government, and was pleafed to conftitute of his Council, among others, the Earl of

Rothes,

Rothes,* the Earl of Eglington, † and the Lord Livingstone.‡

Affairs now began to bear a favourable Afpect, the King had time to confult the Welfare of his People, and make feveral good Regulations in the Government for their general Benefit. His Majefty was likewife pleased to reftore the moft honourable Order of the Knights of St. Andrew, and erected a Throne or Stalls for them in St. Michael's Church in Linlithgow, making it the Chapel of the Order, according to the Ufage at Windfor: He was also the first that ordered the Thistle to be added to the Badge of the Order; and the Motto, Nemb me impune laceffet, which is worne with the royal Arms, was given by him. In his Time the Corden Verd, or Green Ribbon, was worne by the Knights Companions of the Order; but King James the VIIth changed it to the Blue Ribbon, like that of the Knights of the Garter in England. After the Union, Queen Anne, to distinguish them, reftored the Green Ribbon, and intended to have called a Chapter of the Order, with a Defign to bring it again into its full Luftre; but in this she was disappointed by Death.

* The Origin of this antient and noble Family was from Hungary, taking their Name from the Castle of Lesley in that Country: There were alfo at one time three General Marshals of this Name to three feveral Princes; Count Walter Lefley, to the Emperor; Alexander Earl of Leven, to the King of England; and David Lefley, afterwards Lord Newark, to Guftavus Adolphus, King of Sweden: And the prefent Right Hon. John Lefley, Earl of Rothes, is defcended from the above Noble

men.

+ This Nobleman left Iffue Hugh, who dying without Iffue

his Eftate came to Sir Alexander Seaton, his Coufin-german, by Vertue of an Entail, who changed his Name to Montgomery, and took the Arms and enjoyed the Honour of Earl of Eglington ; and from this laft mentioned Nobleman the prefent Right Hon. Alexander Montgomery, Earl of Eglington is descended.

This Lord, in the latter Part of his Life, had the Tuition of the Princess Mary, Daughter of King James the Vth, but afterwards died in France; and from his Lordship the prefent Right Hon. James Earl of Linlithgow is defcended.