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King Francis's
Marriage.

Francis, being advised of their Approaching, went from Bourdeaux to meet his new Queen and Sons, and upon the Interview there was all the Joy that can be imagined. The next Morning, an Hour before Day, the King married Queen Eleanor; foon after he caufed her to be crowned Queen at St. Dennis; and then fhe made a publick Entry into Paris. Thus the King of France was at laft delivered from a War that had coft fo much Money, in which fo many valiant Men had suffered, and anfwered no other Purpose than horrid Devaftation: And, to moralize a little, it is even astonishing to us, that the Multiplicity of Examples of the like Kind, as well in facred as prophane Histories, throughout the different Periods of Time, have had no more Influence of late Years; when, as is pretended, (not to mention Religion) as well our Political as Oecumenical Reafoning is fo much refined, as to become all Philofophy: But, on the contrary, forry we have any Room to fay it, that dire Ambition, or Itch after Destruction, or Thirft for fhedding Blood, feem but too much to be the Motives at this Day.

Reftores Learning, &c. in his Kingdom.

The firft Ufe Francis made of this Peace, was to reform feveral Difor ders that had crept in during the many Calamities attending his Kingdom: Next, in Imitation of the great Cardinal Wolfey, he applied himself earnestly to the reviving the Sciences, which for a long Time had been very much neglected. It was not after this, as it was before, a fort of Shame for a Gentleman to understand Latin; and it is on this account, that the People of France, even at this Time, give Francis the glorious Title of the Reftorer of Learning, which will, no doubt, be an Honour on him to the latest Posterity.

Whilft the King was thus employed, the Princess, his Mother, died, who was a Lady of a great Genius

for

for managing the State. "However, though the "Hiftorians of Savoy, fays a French Writer, give "her a great Character, yet, when the People of "France reflect on what Troubles fhe caufed in that "Kingdom, her Memory will never be precious 66 to them."

Venetians Sur

render all their

The Emperor, the Beginning of the Year 1530, paffed from Barcelona to Genoa with an Army, which foon obliged the Venetians to surrender to him the Ports they poffeffed in the Kingdom of Naples.

Ports in Naples.

The Emperor reftores Milan to Duke Sforza.

Next, at the Pope's Inftance, he reftored to Duke Sforza the Dutchy of Milan, upon Condition of his paying him in Hand 400,000 Crowns, and 500,000 more in the Space of 10 Years, at different Times: And then the Emperor withdrew his Troops out of the Dutchy of Milan.

The Emperor reconciles the Duke of Ferra

The Emperor alfo, by the Duke of Ferrara's Confent, undertook to reconcile the Pope and him: So that there ra and the Pope. only remained the Florentines, who refused to agree with the Pope, without keeping his Family from the Poffeffion of the Dutchy; therefore the Emperor ordered the Prince of Orange to befiege Florence, and restore the Medici.

Florence befieged, and the Prof Orange

killed.

The Prince of Orange obeyed, and was killed in an Engagement by fome of the Befieged, who fallied out of the Town, though they were beat back; yet the Florentines in general fo defperately fuftained the Siege, that they were reduced at laft to eat Horses, Affes, Cats, and Dogs.

Character.

The Prince of Orange's Body was His Burial and ftript in the Field by a Frenchman, and when found, was wrapt in a Blanket and thrown cross an Horfe, in order to be conveyed to his

Inter

Interment. He was of the noble and antient Family of Chaalon, not above 30 Years of Age, but brave, generous, and well-beloved by the Soldiers, 2000 of which

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his Life and Fortune were at Stake, fhould, in less than three • Years fee that Lord come to his Bed-fide, to bid him depart his own royal Palace: A warning to all to use their Profferi ty in fuch Manner, as may best ⚫ fit them for an unforeseen Adverfity; remembring that on this Side the Grave, no Man can tell what is to befal him! And fuch was the Ufe this Lord made thereof, whatever Temptation it might be to him, to have there fhewn an infulting Refentment, that he compofed himself with so much Decency and Respect to that then unhappy Prince; and fo fenfible was that King of this Lord's Civility to him on this 'Occafion, that, after his Retire"ment into France, he faid, The Lord Delamer, whom he had ufed ill, had then treated him with much more Regard than the other two Lords, to whom he had been kind, and from • whom he might better have ex

* From this Prince that great Soldier, the late William Henry, Prince of Orange (who married the Princess Mary, eldest Daughter of the late unfortunate King James the IId) was defcended; whofe martial Exploits against the French, in Defence of the Republick of Holland, before the Revolution, as alfo his Expedi tion into England, are fo well known, that we need not repeat it here. But we shall just mention, that as Success attended the Prince's Defigns upon his Arrival at Windfor, in his Way to London, he fent the Lord Delamer, together with the Marquifs of Halifax, and the Earl of Shrew bury, on the 17th of November, 1688, with a Meffage to King James, commanding him to remove from White-hall, in order to give him Place, which Meffengers (being introduced by the Earl of Middleton, Secretary of State) they delivered it at one of the Clock in the Morning to the King, who was then in Bed, with which that unhappy Mo-pected it.' narch complied.

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In fhort, the Prince of Orange's Expedition had this Iffue, that his Highness and the Princess his Confort were declared, by Act of Parliament, King and Queen of England, &c. and both died poffeffed of thefe opulent Kingdoms and that the former lived to fee the Succeffion fettled in His prefent Majefty's Line, as is before-mentioned in Vol. II. p. 272, 273.

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which died with him, and as many on the Enemy's Side.

The Emperor Jettles the Government of

The Repulfe the Florentines met with no way dif couraged them, they continued eager for fallying out upon the Befiegers; but Baillon, their Commander, oppofing, they fufpected he would betray them; which raifed fo great a Ferment, that a Senator was fent to depofe him from his Command; whom Baillon instantly stabbed, and turned the Cannon of a Bastion against the City to defend himself. In much Confufion the Multitude ran from one Extream to another; for, whereas nothing would ferve before but they muft fally and die, now they cried to fubmit to the Emperor; Baillon was employed to treat with Gonzaga, who fucceeded the Prince of Orange in the Command of the Army, and the Capitulation was agreed on the 10th of August; the principal Article whereof was, "That the Emperor fhould fettle the Government "of Florence." Accordingly his Imperial Majesty erected it into a Dukedom, and beftowed it on Alexlexander de Medicis, Nephew to the Pope, and the Heirs of his Body; (and, for want of fuch, to the nearest of Kin) who was immediately put into Poffeffion of it, on the fame Footing that his Ancestors had formerly been, the Sovereignty being made hereditary in his Family, which laid the Foundation of the great Figure the Grand Dukes of Tufcany afterwards made in the World; and, upon the Death of the last Duke of Tuscany of the House of Medici, his Royal Highnefs the Duke of Lorain was put into Poffeffion, who is now Grand Duke of Tuf

Florence.

cany.

Paffes into The Emperor was fome Time in making Italy. Preparations for his Coronation, and, having fettled the most neceffary Affairs, departed for Italy, and foon arrived at Placentia, attended by a grand Reti

nue;

nue; upon this the Pope repaired to Bologna. His Imperial Majefty, hearing the Pope was come thither, fet out immediately from Placentia to meet him, and on his Arrival 24 Cardinals received him at the Entrance of Bologna, he being all in Armour, except his Head, and on each Side of him two Gentlemen on Horfeback ftrewing Money all the Way. In this Order they went directly to the Cathedral, at the Gate whereof a Scaffold was erected afcending by Steps, on which fat the Cardinals and Prelates; and at the Top, in his Chair of State, the Pope in his Pontifical Habit with the Tiara on his Head. The Emperor being come to the Scaffold, the Grandees of Spain came to help him to a-light, and two Cardinals from above conducted him up; being come up to the Pope he fell on his Knees, and kiffed his Foot; but his Holiness lifted him up, and gave him the Kifs of Peace: Then his Majesty declared, "He was now come, as he had long wifhed, into his Prefence, "to fettle the Affairs of Religion, and begged that "GOD would profper his Intentions." His Holiness replied, "That he had defired nothing fo much

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Interview between the Pope and the Empe

ror.

as that Meeting, for which he thanked Almighty "GOD, and hoped all Things would have a happy. "Iffue." After fome other Ceremonies they walked Hand in Hand to the Church-door; when the Pope went into his Apartment, and the Emperor into the Church, whence he retired to his own Lodgings, in the fame Palace with his Holinefs, parted by only a thin Wall, in which was a private Door, fo that they might commune by themfelves: And thus they continued for fome time, concerting Matters of great Moment.

It was at first debated, whether the Emperor fhould be crowned at Rome or Bologna ? * but, the latter Place

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* It was remarkable that no Em- fince Frederick's Time, in the peror had been crowned in Italy Year 1442.

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