land on the

verance.

ing represented to him, That it would be shameful to receive tbě Seal after such a Profanation.

His Holiness now acknowledged, by The Pope writes a publick Notification to the King of

to K. Henry. England and the Cardinal, that they had been the great Instruments of procuring his Liberty, and desired the King to continue his Protection and Favour to the Papal See. The News of the Pope's E[cape was

Great Rejoycno fooner known in England, but, on the ings in Eng5th of Jan. 1528, Cardinal Wolsey repair- Pope's Delied in great State to St. Paul's, to return God Thanks for his Holiness's Deliverance from his Captivity. On this Occasion the Cardinał landed at Black-fryars, between eight and nine in the Morning, attended by several Noblemen and Gentlemen, where he was met by the Ambassadors of the Pope, the French King, of Venice, of Florence, and of Milan; from thence this grand Company proceeded on Horse-back to St. Paul's, at the Door whereof they were met by the Officers at Arms, and four of the Prebends, who received the Cardinal under a Canopy of Gold Cloth, in which manner he proceeded into the Church, having the Pope's Ambassador on the right Hand, and the French Ambassador on the left, till he came to the Arches, where was prepared a place with Cushions and Carpets : Here the Cardinal kneeled, and the Bishops of London, Bath, Landaff, the Priors of Westminster, and St. Savicurs, the Abbots of Strafford and Tower-bill, with others to the Amount of 16 Mitres, in Procession met him. From hence the Cardinal proceeded up to the High Altar, where he performed his Devotions : Then, with the other Prelates, Nobles, and the whole Choir of St. Paul's, and that belonging to himself, in rich Copes, went in the fame Order round the Church, the Officers at Arms attending; next after them the Ambaffadors, then the Lord Mayor, Recorder, Aldermen and Livery of LonU 2

don.

!

don. The Procession being over the Mass of the Holy Trinity was sung by the Bishop of London, the Prior of St. Mary Spittal, Gospeller, the Prior of Christ Church, Epistoler. Mass being ended the Cardinal with his Attendents went to the Choir-door, where Dr. Cepan declared to the People the great Calamity that our Mother the Holy Church had sustained, as well through the Lutheran Sect, as by the irreverent Treatment his Holiness had met with in the sorrowful Destruction of Rome and his Imprisonment; but that, by the Help of God, he had happily escaped their Hands : Wherefore the Lord Legate's Grace, by the King's Commandment, caused this noble Assembly to meet, in order to return Thanks to God Almighty, and the whole Company of Heaven, for so great a Restoration. The Doctor having done speaking, the Cardinal

gave his Benediction to all the People, whereat there was a great Shour. From hence the Cardinal again returned to the Altar, where he sung Te Deum, which was commonly sung by the King's Trumpets, &c. as well English as Venetians. After the Ceremony was ended the Cardinal returned to his Palace to Dinner, attended by the Ambassadors and other great Men; and the whole Procession was concluded without the least Disorder. England and

As the Emperor's Proceedings had France proo

given very great Diffatisfaction to the claim War Kings of England and France, they, the against the

beginning of this Year, sent to their reEmperor.

spective Ambassadors to quit the Imperial Court; and, as they were eager in the Pursuit of their Projects, on the 21st of July, 1528, their Ambassadors in Spain desired the Emperor's Leave to retire, and the next Day Clarencieux and Guienne, Heralds, the one of England and the other of France, arrived there, when they demanded an Audience of the Emperor, which was granted, and his Imperial Majesty with great Solemnity was seated on his Throne,

attended

attended by all his Grandees : Then the Heralds, after they had imparted the Cause of their coming to the Emperor's Court, concluded their Harangue with proclaiming War in the Name of their Masters. Charles answered each particularly, but in a very different Manner ; in speaking to the English Herald he made use of civil and honourable Terms, denoting that he was not at all pleased at having the King his Master for an Enemy, and complaining that Henry had used him ill, in designing to give him in Marriage a Princess whom he had purposed to bastardize, since he was fueing to be divorced from the Queen; (concerning which Matter we shall speak hereafter) nor did he spare Cardinal Wolfey, as he could not carry his Point in corrupting him, he now charged him with being one of the principal Causes of the intended Rupture.

In his Answer to the French Herald he spoke not with that Regard and Caution, telling him, “ That “ his Master had done fally and basely, as he had “ told the 'Ambassadors ar Granada, bidding him know “ of his Master, whether his Ambassador had acquainted “ him therewith.” After the Audience was over the French Herald attended his Master's Ambassador, and related to him what passed; upon this the Ambassador wrote a Letter to the Emperor, desiring his Imperial Majesty to give him the Words in Writing under his Hand, which the Emperor accordingly did, and they were sent to the King of France, who was so exasperated thereat, that he sent his King at Arms back into Spain with an Answer, who, being introduced to his Imperial Majesty, delivered it into his Hands. This contained a written Challenge, wherein the King of France gave the Emperor the Lie, and demanded the Field of Battle to. fight him Hand to Hand. Then Guienne retired from the Emperor's Presence ; but, returning again, he, before the Emperor's Face, delivered another Writing to his Secretary, which contained a Vindication

of

of his Master's Proceedings, who charged all the Blanie of the War on the Emperor.

The Herald having executed his Commiffion, a Paper was offered him to be carried to his Master, which Guienne refused, faying, " He had Orders to “ receive none unless it were the Emperor's Sécuri

ty for the Field of Battle.” Then the Emperor replied, " He would not refuse the Combat, but it " belonged not to the King of France to prefcribe « him Laws; and therefore he would send an Ani “ swer by his own King at Arms.” This faid, he dismissed Guienne, who was fafely conducted back to the Frontiers, and generously treated, as he owned himself.

The Emperor, as soon as the French Herald was fet out for France, ordered Burgundy, his King at Arms, with all possible Speed to repair to the Presence of King Francis, and deliver him a Writing, wherein he charged that King again with his Breach of Faith, and appointed the Middle of the River, which parts Spain and France, where the Kirg was exchanged for his two Sons, as the fittest Place for their Combat; the Weapons to be fixed, and Security on both Sides given, when they were nearer together; be sides this, Burgundy was charged with a Paper, in Answer to that delivered by Guienne to his ImperialMajesty's Secretary, which he was to deliver to the French Secretary, containing both Juftifications and Recriminations. Burgundy waited at Fuenterabia 50 Days for his. Safe-conduct, but, having received it, set forwards and came to Estampes, about 14 Leagues from Paris, on the 2d of September, and was there met by Guienne, King at Arms, who told him, “ The King was then abroad a hunting," and conducted him towards Paris, but would not suffer him to go thither till the gth of September ; at last he was introduced to the King, who would not allow him to speak or read the Emperor's Answer, but still pressed for the

Security

Security of the Combat, which Burgundy offered to produce; however, his Majesty refused to hear what he had to say, but left him, and, though the Herald endeavoured after that to obtain another Audience, the King denied it, on which he returned into Spain. Birgundy having made his Report before the Council of Caftile, it was there resolved, That the Emperor had done as became a Prince and a Gentleman, and there, fore was not obliged to take any further Notice of the Challenge, since the King of France had not acted as became him, but refused to hear the King at Arms, who carried the Security he demanded, and an Answer to all his Papers; and Copies of the whole Proceedings were sent by the Emperor, together with his Letters and the Resolution of the Council of Cajtile, to all the Grandees, Prelates, and Cities of Spain, to acquaint them with the Fairness of his Majesty's Steps.

By what has been said the Reader may judge which of them refused the Combat; however, they never met in Person on that Account, but left it to their Armies, who fought their Quarrel with the utmost Bravery ; and when each side was tired they clapt up a Peace, as will be seen in the Sequel.

This Year the Emperor's Son, Philip, was sworn Heir of Castile, and his other Son, Prince John, died, which was a very great Grief to his Imperial Majesty.

Hear laborious Rapin, upon what passed in Spain. “ Hugo de Mondosa, the Emperor's Ambassador at

“ London, hearing what had passed in Spain, would I“ have retired, but Cardinal Wolsey told him, that Cla“ rencieux had exceeded his Instruction in proclaiming “ War against the Emperor, and should be punished

at his Return. Whereupon the Ambassador fent an

Express to inform the Emperor, what the Cardinal “ faid; Clarencieux, who was still in Spain, surprized " he should be made accountable for what he had

express Orders, demanded and obtained an authen“ tick Copy of the Ambassador's Letter. Upon his

66 Arrival