The Theory of Strains in Girders and Similar Structures: With Observations of the Application of Theory to Practice, and Tables of the Strength and Other Properties of MaterialsD. Van Nostrand, 1873 - 632 Seiten |
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Andere Ausgaben - Alle anzeigen
Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
angle apex apices arch Blaenavon Boyne Viaduct breadth breaking weight bridge cast-iron cement coefficient of elasticity continuous girder cross section crushing strength cylinder deflection curve depth diameter Ditto equal equation experiments feet long fibres flexure following table Hence Hodgkinson's horizontal strains increments intersecting iron isosceles lattice girder left abutment loaded uniformly lower flange maximum strains metal method of moments neutral axis number of bays obtained parabola passing load permanent load plates points of inflexion Portland cement pressure quantity of material R₁ rafter reaction represent resistance rivets Rolled bars seco sectional area segment semi-girder shearing-strain solid rectangular spandrils square inch steel Strains in tons strains produced Strength of Materials struts Taking moments round Tearing weight tensile strain tensile strength tension thickness thrust tons per square transverse strain triangles truss tube tubular unit-strain upper flange versine vertical W₁ wall-plate weight per square wrought-iron
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 307 - A great variation exists in the strength of iron bars which have been cut and welded; whilst some bear almost as much as the uncut bar, the strength of others is reduced fully a third.
Seite 470 - The magnitude of the blow in each set of experiments being made greater or smaller, as occasion required. The general result obtained was, that when the blow was powerful enough to bend the bars through one-half of their ultimate deflection (that is to say, the deflection which corresponds to their fracture by dead pressure), no bar was able to stand 4000 of such blows in succession ; but all the bars (when sound) resisted the effects of 4000 blows, etch bending them through one-third of their ultimate...
Seite 472 - In wrought-iron bars no very perceptible effect was produced by 10,000 successive deflections by means of a revolving cam, each deflection being due to half the weight which, when applied statically, produced a large permanent flexure.
Seite 250 - A long, uniform, cast-iron pillar, with its ends firmly fixed, whether by means of discs or otherwise, has the same power to resist breaking as a pillar of the same diameter, and half the length, with the ends rounded or turned so that the force would pass through the axis.
Seite 249 - The strength of a pillar, with one end rounded and the other flat, is the arithmetical mean between that of a pillar of the same dimensions with both ends round, and one with both ends flat. Thus, of three cylindrical pillars, all of the same length...
Seite 307 - ... increased. 64. The density of iron is decreased by being drawn out under a tensile strain, instead of increased, as believed by some. 65. The most highly converted steel does not, as some may suppose, possess the greatest density. 66. In cast-steel the density is much greater than in puddled-steel, which is even less than in some of the superior descriptions of wrought-iron. The foregoing extracts afford the reader but a meagre idea of Mr. Kirkaldy's laborious researches, and the student who...
Seite 470 - A heavy ball was suspended by a wire eighteen feet long from the roof, so as to touch the centre of the side of the bar. By drawing this ball out of the vertical position at right angles to the length of the bar, in the manner of a pendulum, to any required distance, and suddenly releasing it, it could be made to strike a horizontal blow upon the bar; the magnitude of which could be regulated at pleasure, either by varying the size of the ball or the distance from which it was released.
Seite 483 - In a wrought-iron or steel bridge the greatest load which can be brought upon it, added to the weight of the super-structure, should not produce a greater strain on any part of the material than five tons, where wrought-iron is used, or six tons and a half, where steel is employed, per square inch.
Seite 306 - Iron highly heated and suddenly cooled in water is hardened, and the breaking strain, when gradually applied, increased, but at the same time it is rendered more liable to snap. 44. Iron, like steel, is softened, and the breaking strain reduced, by being heated and allowed to cool slowly. 45. Iron subject to the cold-rolling process has its breaking strain greatly increased by being made extremely hard, and not by being "consolidated
Seite 304 - The breaking strain does not indicate the quality, as hitherto assumed. 2. A high breaking strain may be due to the iron being of superior quality, dense, fine, and moderately soft, or simply to its being very hard and unyielding.