not far wrong" in explaining some complicated and varying myths, but to call this a scientific method is a mistake. The worst of it is that such loose thinking, easily detected by any careful reader, infects many a learned writer, who mistakes quantity of evidence for quality; and that a mere crowd of citations can by their number compel us to believe the man who has taken the pains to collect them. "When Hellenistic artists portray Zeus with a blue nimbus round his head, a blue Memories of Forty Years. By Princess THIS book contains reminiscences of Lon- feuds that raged round the Crown Prince and his English wife, and that caused him to be alienated both from his father and from his son, as well as influential sections of German opinion. If Frederick III. had had his way, there might have been no war now between the countries. But his father lived too long. It is curious to be reminded that, forty "the Belgian and Prussian years ago, royal families had always been upon Most charitably Mr. Cook has given us a summary of the conclusions at the eulogy of a crowd of titled personages, intimate terms," and that the Belgian end of the volume. They fill but half-a-contrasting oddly with the descriptions of an early Court by Tolstoy, whom the dozen pages, and are disappointing as the author does not like. Still, it is piquant outcome of such enormous research. They to find in her a warm admirer of Pobeseem like the summary of 200 pages donostseff, and of Tcherevine, head of instead of 776, and at the very outset we the Okhrana or secret police. She speaks find this sentence :highly of Alexander III. and of his policy; with which Western Europe did not sympathize, and declares, perhaps rightly, critical time in Russian history. She pays that he took the only safe course at a a high tribute to the Count de Montebello, the French ambassador, who overcame German influence at the Court, and laid the foundation of the Dual Alliance by his diplomacy and social tact and popularity. She has little to say of unofficial Russia, but her rose-coloured picture of high society is, at any rate, novel and agreeable. globe, a blue mantle, what are these attributes, taken together, but an indication that the god so portrayed was once the blue sky, and the blue sky only? We are staggered at the assertion that the blue-draped god of the third century is a direct survival of a pre-Homeric belief some 1,000 years older, and we turn to the early chapter on the subject the transition of Zeus from the sky to the sky-god. Here is a passage which reminds us strongly of Max Müller's account of the terror of savages when they saw the sun set, and joy when he rose again. We are told that primitive men began by enjoying the blue heavens as the source of happiness, and worshipped the sky before they thought of the sun as a person, or the sky as the home of a powerful being producing storms and calm. Certainly savages like the Solomon Islanders, still in their Stone Age, conceive their gods as invisible powers, not as abstractions, but as persons. The arguments adduced to the contrary by Mr. Cook are only probabilities or possibilities, and are, indeed, by him stated as such repeatedly, yet presently assumed to be proved conclusions. We enter our protest, not for the first time, against this loose way of thinking, which tends to all sorts of varying results. The most difficult of all inquiries is to get at the real notions of savages about what we call their religion. Missionaries are probably the least fit of all for such research, for they are bent on introducing a new order of ideas into minds perhaps wholly incapable of comprehending them. Passing travellers, however learned and intelligent, are seldom allowed to witness religious or magical rites, which are almost always clothed in mystery, and hidden from all strangers. The observations of Hellenistic or Roman speculators are worthless. It is only a man who has lived among a primitive people for years, and as an observer without prejudice, who can hope to learn anything trustworthy about their religion. As to the beliefs of primitive people thousands of years ago, then, how much can be regarded as certain? We are careful to repeat that the many details piled up in the volume are often amusing as well as interesting, and that the illustrations are admirably produced. Of London as she saw it twenty-one years ago she speaks more frankly, but with equal enthusiasm. She flatters our national pride, but tells us that our wealthy people have no home life. She includes a caustic estimate of Gladstone, whom she thought vain, and tells with evident glee two new anecdotes against his wife. She conceived a great admiration for Mr. Asquith and for his First Lord, then a youth, and records that Grant Duff said of Mr. Churchill: "Winston is a curious mixture of American impudence and English caution, and I feel sure that later on his wildest acts in life will be very wisely premeditated." She attributes a piece of rather cruel wit to Queen Victoria, who, when asked whether the old Duchess of Cleveland had really once been pretty, replied, "Yes, my dear; but it only lasted one moment. The Princess is most candid in her German recollections. She tells us not once, but twice, that her son-in-law, Prince Blücher, is as thrifty as he is rich, with anecdotes to point the moral. It is not surprising, therefore, to find the Berlin Court under William I. described with more than a spice of malice. She tries hard to show that the old Emperor had a mind of his own, apart from his Chancellor; but she represents him in a very unamiable light, and is still more severe on his consort, a disappointed woman, always posing, and bitterly uncharitable to her daughter-inlaw. In noticing that the Empress Augusta disapproved of Bismarck's antiCatholic policy, and urged the Emperor to change it, the Princess forgets to add that, in this case at least, the Empress was right, and that the detested Bismarck had, as he said, "to go to Canossa." But the Iron Chancellor was kind to the author, though he hated all the other Radziwills, his political opponents. The Princess sketches anew the painful story of the minister was a special favourite with Bismarck. The author supplies glimpses of the German statesmen and politicians, including Prince von Bülow, whose career definitely closed as the Princess thought. does not seem, after all, to have been so We are told that Menzel, "a small eccenair among the guests at all the balls given tric man," "used to go about with a busy pencil in hand," sketching any one who in the Imperial palace, with notebook and pleased him. Ranke, who was entirely devoid of any prejudice or sympathy," and Helmholtz, who was a man of the world outside his laboratory, are among the unofficial people mentioned in the Berlin chapters, which are the best in a rather superficial book. 66 In a Cumberland Dale. By Percy Withers. (Grant Richards, 5s. net.) MR. WITHERS in this engaging volume describes his life in Lakeland when, for a short space of time, he played the backwoodsman in a secluded Cumberland dale. He played the game well-in the proper spirit of boyish adventure which the country inspires after familiarity with towns. He indulged to the full in the delights of stolen bathes in tarns and well as fair weather upon the fells, and becks, and of walks in mist and rain as learnt the changing beauty of the woods throughout the year. The spot which our ment was well selected: the far shores of literary smallholder chose for his settleDerwentwater are sufficiently remote for the settler to imitate Wordsworth's Hermit, and claim a share in his simple rite, Here I sit and watch; sufficiently near to civilization, on the other hand, to admit of his shopping in Keswick, and rowing his visitors and stores back from the station across the wild and stormy waters of the lake to the landing-stage which he had proudly built with his own hands. His descriptions of his emotions and experiences among the woods and lakes and mountains should stir a sympathetic thrill in the reader. They are for the most part admirably phrased. As one reads one cannot refrain from a sigh of thankfulness that much of that lovely shore has been acquired by the Public Trust, lest a crop of bungalows should be the outcome of this book. One feels also, as one reads, that the writer is all a little self-conscious and superior in Thoreau's way-bungalow builders perhaps are; and one is too insistently aware of the literary towndweller's perpetual astonishment at his 66 own contentment in the simple life of the country, which is, besides, so much less simple than it sounds. But the book is saved from being mere wordiness and blather," as one of Watts-Dunton's Snowdon gipsies would have termed it, by the introduction of one or two country types, and notably of the old woodman Peter Dalethwaite, a character of rare beauty, simplicity, and truth-a type not common, but comprehensible, and drawn by the author with great skill and charm. It is a sure test of genuine appreciation that Mr. Withers shares with Dalethwaite a preference for autumn and the days of wind and cloud and rain. In a day o' mizzle, when yer hevn't a blenk o' blue sky, yer canna look wrang." Not for them the glaring, impoverished days of high summer prayed for by the hotelbound tourist, but the "back-end" with the rain and the mist, when, a We do not, however, say this in dis- is justification enough for examples of the Dante Alighieri: La Divina Commedia. of Romance Languages in Harvard Uni- He His text is based on the 66 latest edition of Dr. Moore's Oxford "from small beginnings rehearsed in nightfall; and at every hour content yourself that there was never an hour just like So it goes far into the winter, and then there is a withdrawal and a waning; this one. but there are still goings-on,' for there are still the mountains, and mists among them, and morning and evening light upon their faces. And one day Spring comes. 6 Essays on Books. By William Lyon Phelps. (Macmillan & Co., 6s. 6d. net.) MOST of the really vital criticism on art comes from the creative artists, and not from the academic critics, and Prof. Phelps, who belongs to the latter body, does not form an exception to the rule. He is an unusually pleasant and readable academical, but what he has to say always gives one rather the impression of something intelligently appropriated by Culture-with the capital C-than of something vividly and directly perceived. One need only compare these essays of his with, let us say, Mr. Henry James's recently published Notes on Novelists' to be conscious of the difference. We do not discover in the volume a single passage of that illuminating quality which is apparent in almost every page of the critic who is also a craftsman and a creator. Indeed, one need not go outside Prof. Phelps's own book to illustrate the point. One of his essays deals with Marlowe, and deals with him capably and judiciously: we read the account of the poet's career and the estimate of his plays with a sense that it is all much as it should be, and then at the very end we come upon a little passage quoted from Miss M. P. Willcocks, in which a really suggestive generalization regarding the Elizabethans finds expression; and the effect of it is to make everything that has preceded seem a trifle superficial. The other papers are slighter, and, indeed, one or two of them are more in the nature of notes than anything else. There is, however, a pretty lengthy essay on Jane Austen, which, though it does not contain anything particularly fresh, advocates her claims as a novelist with considerable effect. "She is one of the supreme literary artists of the world, like the Russian Turgenev," says Prof. Phelps, and he is unquestionably right: she is surely the most artistic of all the woman writers; but she is also in a sense, we cannot help thinking, one of the least womanly— perhaps the one thing goes some way towards explaining the other. The reviewer is a little inclined to question the statement that "with every fresh reading comes the old pleasure, heightened in intensity; to read her novels is simply to live, to live in a world of steadily increasing interest and charm.". At any rate, the experience of some is rather that, while they admire her more every time they read her, they like her not quite so well; her clarity of vision is unsurpassable, but it would almost seem to presuppose a lack of other and more precious qualities, and one is now and then conscious of missing in her that depth of humanity that one finds, say, in Mrs. Browning. However, the point of view represented by Prof. Phelps is, no doubt, the one that commends itself to the majority of literary critics. Dickens, Carlyle, Whittier, and Herrick are the subjects of briefer articles; and four final essays are devoted to German authors. 66 valuable Introduction to the whole poem, The chief features of the book are a a preliminary note of five or six pages Argument of varying length to every canto. These than an analysis of the contents. Arguments usually include much more Their principal aim is to unfold the moral and allegorical significance of the poem in full detail; but they also contain short notices of the chief personages mentioned. They thus help to relieve the notes at the foot of the pages, and they are frequently followed by bibliographical references, which should be most useful to advanced students. Sometimes, however, as in the case of the " Mystical Procession in the Purgatorio' (xxix.), a bibliographical note is wanting. But the strength of the book lies in the attention paid in these Arguments to the allegorical interpretation of the poem. This is a subject on which commentators have differed widely; and it is impossible for Prof. Grandgent to discuss their views at length. His interpretation for the most part follows familiar lines; but he shows a tendency to prefer the suggestions of some recent Italian scholars-notably those of Francesco Flamini. For instance, he considers that the Wolf in the Introductory canto of the 'Inferno stands for Incontinence, and not for Avarice; although two subsequent passages (in Inferno,' vii., and Purgatorio,' xx.) would seem to make the latter interpretation inevitable. He also follows the Italian commentators in identifying the "Matelda" of the Earthly Paradise neither with the Countess of Tuscany nor with the German nun Matilda of Hackeborn, but with an early friend of Beatrice mentioned in the 'Vita Nuova.' The Arguments in the Paradiso' will be specially helpful to those readers who might be repelled by the scholastic disquisitions of that Cantica. 6 · The only serious blot upon this useful guide is the absence of an index. FICTION. A Drop in Infinity. By Gerald Grogan. (John Lane, 6s.) A DROP IN INFINITY' is something quite out of the usual run of fantastic stories. A genius with more than a touch of insanity finds a way into the Fourth Dimension, where lies a world planned much like our own, but without human inhabitants. He proceeds to colonize this world, sending down a few suitable emigrants at infrequent intervals. The story of " Marjorieland," as written by its pleasantly humorous patriarch, is full of ingenious devices admirably in keeping with the general madness of a Fourth Dimensional world. The incident of the arrival of Lieut. Peder Ommundsen is described as Mr. H. G. Wells would have described it in one of his earlier romances. This particular colonist, it may be explained, had been stunned by an exploding shell just before his translation, which led to his making some very natural mistakes on recovery. The sociological aspects of "Marjorieland" are rather amusing: whether by accident or design, all members of the accident or design, all members of the working class were excluded from that country, with the exception of one who had to be evicted. Sociology apart, this is a thoroughly entertaining piece of work by a new author. Light from Asia. By H. M. Barclay. (Heath, Cranton & Co., 3s. 6d. net.) THE intentions of the author are too ambitious for her powers. She daringly undertakes the task of "exposing the real teaching of the wisdom of Asia." She begins by lamenting, as one of the blackest days for Christianity, the decision of the Buddhists to give their teaching more openly to the world, and complains of the many souls led away by its fascinations. Strange to say, the greater part of the book is then devoted to a recital of these doctrines, thus, in the guise of a novel, placing them within the reach of many otherwise unlikely to become acquainted with them, as novels penetrate where other books do not. This is the most interesting and best-written portion of the story. The Christian faith is not upheld with an “understanding eye," and narrow limitations are placed round it. It is useless to hope to discover truth by fettering thought and withholding knowledge. Countrymen All. By Katharine Tynan. (Maunsel & Co., 3s. 6d. net.) THIS is a collection of short stories dealing with Ireland and the Irish. Despite their charm and excellent local colour, a disappointed impression remains that the author does not "make her point in them. One feels that her mind is seething with love of the Irish, and that she wishes to make the world share her feelings, but that, like the prophet of old, she needed to have her lips "touched with a live coal before she opened her mouth to speak." It may be that the intensity of her emotion mars her expression. For that matter, the author has a hard task: we are accustomed to-day to think of Ireland in terms of Synge, Mr. Yeats, and 66 in twenty minutes in a well-padded railway carriage." We know the sort of residents too well to be interested in his characters. If Mr. Benson had laid any of them suddenly under the necessity of actually earning their living, his account of the results might, we conceive, have been intensely diverting. The Orchard Pavilion. By Arthur Christopher Benson. (Smith, Elder & Co., 3s. 6d. net.) One THE dialogue form of presenting an argument has of late years experienced a revival of popularity and achieved some notable successes. It has attracted Mr. Benson, as indeed it always must tempt every author whose temperament enshrines any spark of philosophic fire. The Orchard Pavilion' proves (what one might have suspected beforehand) that this form of art is peculiarly well suited to Mr. Benson's powers. The note of sickly and exasperating egotism which, to our taste, often renders his books a doubtful joy is here eliminated, except in the Preface. We are introduced to three typical Oxford Undergraduates of thirty years ago, who, in a setting appropriate to a Platonic Dialogue, discuss with all the vehemence and point of youth the fundamental principles of life. is a frank Hedonist who likes things which are beautiful, and because they are beautiful, and for no other reason; another an embryo clergyman who believes in God and conscience, "which is God telling me what I ought to do"; and the third an agnostic materialist with a love of work and power, and a desire to impose orderly life on State and individual. They say their say-those who know their Greek philosophers and have read for "Greats will not expect them to say anything very new-and they live their lives, and very new-and they live their lives, and meet again, after thirty years, to compare notes. The Hedonist has met with happiness and success, but is conscious of something wanting; the materialistic barrister has learnt, not in the Courts, but through the loss of a beloved wife, "that there is something moving behind it all which loves, or tries to love"; and the Honorary tianity in the nicest possible way. Canon scores an easy victory for Chris There is nothing very profound or original in the thought, or even in the phrasing, of this dialogue, but the reclear and vigorous. Only we thought it statement of the old points of view is a little hard upon the vanquished to crown the parson's victory by quoting a whole sermon of his from the pulpit. Parcere subjectis is a good motto in argument as in war. con Under Which Flag? a Romance of the Bourbon Restoration. By Edith Staniforth. (Washbourne, 3s. 6d.) It would not surprise us to learn that this cannot be said that it has any book had become popular, although it spicuous literary quality. It belongs to literary_quality. the school of Miss Yonge's historical fiction; its marked pietas-we can think of no English word quite equivalenthas the same feminine and Mid-Victorian savour; and it has a carelessness about structure and characterization, and a certain pointless rapidity in narration, which we have observed to be actually acceptable to the more naive sort of readers, though no doubt persons of superior literary tastes regard them as blemishes. On the whole, we think the main faults of the book arise from the choice of the subject. Miss Staniforth has evidently taken pains with her history, and she shows some skill in the selection of points to emphasize, and still more in her little descriptions of scenery. But the Hundred Days and the battle of Waterloo provide a heavy task for even the strongest pens, and a singularly difficult background for the delineation of character; while the atmosphere of the Restoration is again not easy to seize or to convey. The faintness of the personages of the tale, the somewhat hackneyed and highly inconsequent situations, and the slight air of weariness which hangs about all tales where well-worn clichés turn up in any abundance, come, we think, principally from the strain involved in attempting something a little alien from one's particular powers. On the other hand, the directness and wholesomeness of the book, and the easy movement of the writing, are attractive. We should expect Miss Staniforth to make quite good domestic fiction. Little Madame Claude. By Hamilton Drummond. (Stanley Paul & Co., 6s.) THIS medieval romance lacks originality in plot and characterization, and the period chosen is so little known that the significance of the events narrated may be lost on the reader. The plot concerns a secret mission undertaken on behalf of a queen, and is carried out by the conventional figures of such a romance, even to the scheming cardinal. The narrative is told in a vigorous style, while the adven tures are really exciting and relevant to the action, which is coherent and probable. The characters, if not very original, are well drawn and human. NAVAL. BOOKS PUBLISHED THIS WEEK. | Jane (Fred T.), WARSHIPS AT A GLANCE, 2 /6 net. THEOLOGY. McKim (Randolph H.), ROMANISM IN THE LIGHT OF HISTORY, 5/ net. Putnam Contains four essays: 'The Present Outlook for Romanism,' 'Pope Leo XIII.'s Encyclical on the Reunion of Christendom,' 'Fundamental Principles of Protestantism,' and 'Religious Liberty and the Maryland Toleration Act.' On Personal Service; or, the Vision and the Task, by a Headmaster, 2/6 net. Wells Gardner A series of addresses especially intended as an appeal to Public School boys, with an Introduction by Mr. Herbert L. Woollcombe, secretary of the Cavendish Association. Sampson (Rev. Gerard), MISSION HYMNS, 1/ net with Tunes; 1d. Words only. Wells Gardner Especially designed for use in Teaching Missions. Hamund (St. John), THE RUBAIYAT OF WILLIAM THE WAR LORD, 1/ net. Grant Richards A parody of Fitzgeraid's Omar Khayyam, with decorations by Mr. Scott Calder. See p. 671. Ingram (Arthur F. Winnington), A DAY OF GOD, 1/net. Wells Gardner Five addresses by the Bishop of London on the present war.14 James (Henry), THE AMERICAN VOLUNTEER MOTOR-AMBULANCE CORPS IN FRANCE, 1d. Macmillan A letter to the editor of an American journal describing the work of the Corps, and the need for more helpers and funds.] Lloyd's Who's Who in the Great War, 6d. net. Hodder & Stoughton or 'Lloyd's News}' Brief biographical notices of rulers and diplomats, and of the combatants who have distinguished themselves in the war. Maude (Col. F. N.), WAR AND THE WORLD'S LIFE, 5/ net. Smith & Elder The price of this volume has been reduced from 12s. 6d. net. It was reviewed in The Athenæum, June 22, 1907, p. 758. Woolf (Bella Sidney), RIGHT AGAINST MIGHT, the Great War of 1914, 1/ net. Cambridge, Heffer The writer's aim is "to convey some impressions of certain outstanding phases of the war. Foot-notes are given for children, and there are illustrations. Sampson Low Containing "silhouettes of the world's fighting ships, on a scale of 1 inch to 320 feet. PHILOLOGY. Roman Elegiac Poets, edited, with Introduction and Notes, by Karl Pomeroy Harrington. New York, American Book Company The book contains a selection from the work of Catullus, Tibullus, Propertius, and Ovid. SOCIOLOGY. Roberts (H. D.), RELIGION IN SOCIAL AND_NATIONAL LIFE, 2/ net. Lindsey Press A study of practical Christianity applied to the problems of social and national ethics. POLITICS. Selected Speeches on British Foreign Policy, 17381914, edited by Edgar R. Jones, "The World's Classics," 1/ net. Milford A selection of Parliamentary speeches, from Chatham to Sir Edward Grey, " dealing with such phases of foreign policy as are of exceptional interest at present.' YEAR-BOOKS AND DIARIES. Patriot's Diary, 1915, compiled by R. M. Leonard, 1/ net. Milford This diary contains patriotic extracts for each day, and records of notable events. Royal Navy List: WHO'S WHO IN THE NAVY, 1915, 7/6 net. Witherby Includes the Service records of naval officers, the current history of the Royal Navy, and events of the war up to November 30th; and a summary of ships' services and commissions. Who's Who, 1915, 15 / net. Black The sixty-seventh issue contains 2376 pages. MAPS. Salisbury Plain District, 1/ net. Bartholomew A revised edition of a touring map, on a scale of half an inch to a mile. FICTION. Andreief (Leonidas), THE RED LAUGH, Fragments of a Discovered Manuscript, translated from the Russian by Alexandra Linden, 1 / net. Fisher Unwin This story presents a gruesome picture of war. The translation was first published in 1905. Jackson (Helen Hunt), RAMONA, 7/6 net. Sampson Low A new edition, with illustrations by Mr. Henry Sandham. Macbeth, by a Popular Novelist, 6/ Greening A novel founded on Shakespeare's tragedy, with eight illustrations in colour by Miss Averil Burleigh. Robins (Elizabeth), COME AND FIND ME, 7d. net. An annotated and illustrated edition. Greening A detective story concerning a society whose object was to punish with death any motorist who, though acquitted in court, had taken human life. Wynne (May), THE HERO OF URBINO, 6/ Stanley Paul An historical romance of Italy in the time of Cesare Borgia. JUVENILE. Keeler (Charles), ELFIN SONGS OF SUNLAND, 8/ net. Putnam A third, and enlarged edition, with pen-andink decorations. Wynne (May), MURRAY FINDS A CHUM, 3/6 Stanley Paul Five-year-old Murray is sent on a visit to his grandfather's house in the country, where he finds a chum in his little cousin Ruth, and they meet with all sorts of adventures. REVIEWS AND MAGAZINES. Alchemical Society, Journal, NOVEMBER, 2 / net. Lewis Contains Some Notes on the Alchemical Researches of M. Jollivet Castelot,' by Mr. W. de Kerlor, and reviews. Open Court, DECEMBER, 10 cents. Chicago, Open Court Publishing Co. Features of this issue are Count Zeppelin in Alsace in 1870,' by Mr. Karl Klein, and Lessons of the War,' by Mr. Paul Carus. Glory of Belgium (The), Illustrations in colour by W. L. Bruckman, 20 / net. Hodder & Stoughton 66 a sketch of some of The letterpress, giving the relics of mediaval Belgium," is by Mr. Roger Ingpen. Lenygon (Francis), DECORATION IN ENGLAND FROM 1660 TO 1770, 40/ net. Batsford The writer's aim is "to show the characteristics of Interior Decoration in a series of comparative illustrations. The volume contains 133 plates with numerous other illustrations. Thomson (W. G.), TAPESTRY WEAVING IN ENGLAND FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE END OF THE XVIIITH CENTURY, 30/ net. Batsford A history of the manufacture of English tapestry, forming part of the Library of Decorative Art." The illustrations are a notable feature. Vasari (Giorgio), LIVES OF THE MOST EMINENT PAINTERS, SCULPTORS, AND ARCHITECTS, newly translated by Gaston du C. de Vere, Vol. VIII., 25/ net. Lee Warner This volume covers the period 1511-74, from Bastiano to Taddeo Zucchero. Victoria and Albert Museum, Department of Textiles: GUIDE TO THE BAYEUX TAPESTRY, 6d. Stationery Office A full-size photographic reproduction of the tapestry, coloured by hand, is exhibited in the Museum. This illustrated guide-book has been prepared by Mr. F. F. L. Birrell. 6 DRAMA. Four Plays of the Free Theater, translated, with an FOREIGN. Guerre (La) de 1914, 1fr. Paris, 'La Vie' Offices A special number of the review La Vie, which has suspended its regular publication during the war. The contents include A la Clarté de la Guerre,' by M. André Ménabréa, and' L'Angleterre et la Guerre,' by M. John Charpentier. Kruisinga (E.), A HANDBOOK OF PRESENT-DAY ENGLISH: VOL. I. ENGLISH SOUNDS, 4/ net. Utrecht, Kemink & Zoon A second edition, revised. Montenovesi (Ottorino), IL CAMPO SANTO DI ROMA, 3 lire. Rome, L'Universelle Imprimerie Polyglotte The history and description of the burialground of Rome, with a general plan and 29 illustrations. Revue Historique, 6 fr. Paris, Alcan The contents of the September-October number include a Foreword on 'L'Appel des Allemands aux Nations Civilisées' ; Les Artisans et leur vie en Grèce,' by M. Pierre Waltz ; • Lettres inédites de Sismondi,' by M. P.-N. de Puybusque ; and Publications relatives à l'Histoire Byzantine,' by M. Louis Bréhier. Το SLEEP. "the Child in us that trembles before SAY hast thou never been compelled to lie Death is a way; and dost thou fear to die? Nay, were it this, just this, and naught Nay, were it this, just this, and naught beside Merely the calm that we have anguished for, DR. INGRAM BYWATER. We regret to notice the death on Thursday in last week, at the age of 73, of Dr. Ingram Bywater, a Greek scholar of the first rank, and of international reputation. Educated at University College and King's College Schools, he went on to Queen's College, Oxford, as a scholar, and after taking firsts in the two classical examinations became a Fellow of Exeter in 1863, and a tutor in that College for some years. Appointed Reader in Greek in 1883, he became Regius Professor in 1893, and held the chair till 1908, when he retired. At Oxford he played an active part as a delegate of the Press; the weekly meetings of the Oxford Aristotelian Society in his rooms are remembered with gratitude; and in his younger days he was a keen crosscountry runner. Dr. Bywater had that wide and commanding erudition which is typical of an earlier age than the present, and that highly critical taste which prevents some scholars from giving the world an adequate representation -at least, in the permanency of print-of their skill and knowledge. His books are few. Apart from his work on the Fragments of Heraclitus' in 1877, and an edition of the works of Priscianus Lydus for the Berlin Academy in 1886, his publications are confined to Aristotle. In 1890 he published a revision of the text of the Ethics,' and two years later a supplementary pamphlet on the same subject, including an elaborate account of the Laurentian MS., to which he assigned the first place in importance. 1897 he published his critical text of the Poetics, which he had been studying for A second edition of this many years. appeared in 1911, embodying in brief form In the results he had dealt with at length in his full commentary on the 'Poetics,' with introduction and translation, published in 1909. This was marked throughout by erudite and accurate scholarship and fine critical judgment. On the philological side the work leaves little to be desired. The translation, however, has the freedom of paraphrase, and makes no attempt to rival that of S. H. Butcher. It should be added that Dr. Bywater was one of the editors of The Journal of Philology, and in former years a reviewer in our own columns. He never sought publicity, and lived largely in his library, being a keen collector of early printed and rare Greek books. was to be expected, FitzGerald's Omar' has been pressed into the service of parody. Mr. St. John Hamund has made adequate use of his opportunities in The Rubaiyat of William." The sixth quatrain— Indeed, indeed, when no one thought of War, Reims MESSRS. DUCKWORTH & Co. will publish shortly With the Allies,' Mr. Richard Harding Davis's account of his European experiences. The book, which will beillustrated by a number of photographs, describes the bombardment of Cathedral, of which he was an eyewitness; the burning of Louvain; the entrance of the Germans into Brussels; the Battle of Soissons; and the author's arrest on the charge of being an English spy. ONE of the earliest books to appear in 1915 will be The War: its Origins and Warnings,' by Mr. Frank J. Adkins, which Messrs. George Allen & Unwin will publish on January 4th. A new author for the New Year is announced by the same publishers in Mr. Eric Leadbitter, whose novel, Rain: before Seven,' will be published on January 11th. WE notice the appearance in Paris of 'L'Appel des Intellectuels Allemands: Textes Officiels,' translated by M. Louis Dimier, who has supplied also a Preface expresses aptly the famous paradox of and commentary to the German claims. Euripides ἡ γλῶσσ ̓ ὀμώμοχ ̓, ἡ δὲ φρὴν ἀνώμοτος, and the eighth and ninth give good record Now the Young Turk reviving old desires, While the strong hand of Enver to the plough Puts forth, and Mehmet on the throne perspires; while the serious and fateful note of the original is well caught in the final quatrain, with its last words " Turn down an empty Throne." The design at the foot of the page on which the thirty-fifth quatrain figures is eloquent of the Turkish situation. MESSRS. STANLEY PAUL are publishing in January Vols. I. and II. of The Memoirs of the Duke de St. Simon,' translated and edited by Mr. Francis Arkwright; a translation by Lady Theodora Davidson of Juliette Drouet's LoveLetters to Victor Hugo, edited with a biography of Juliette by M. Louis Guimbaud; and 'Life and Letters in the Italian Renaissance,' by Christopher Hare.. All the three books will be illustrated. of Our Library Table' for short notices which cannot be conveniently arranged. which cannot be conveniently arranged. in the front part of the paper. NEXT YEAR we shall revert to the use announced in the New York Nation of MR. MADISON CAWEIN, whose death is the 10th inst., was one of the most prolific American poets of the day, and produced over twenty volumes. His work was especially appreciated in his own state of Kentucky. His Kentucky Poems' were introduced to English readers by Mr. Gosse in 1902, and recently his own selection of his verse was published with a Foreword by Mr. W. D. Howells. |