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In 1850, if the population of the United States shall have increased, as is probable, in the same ratio as during the ten years ending 1840, the total number will be about 22,500,000, of which number the slaves will amount probably to not more than three millions, as no slaves are imported, and as the slave population has not increased in the same ratio as the free. The numbers of the male and female slaves at present are about equal. The following table exhibits the population of the several states up to the last

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[Under the head of agricultural statistics, will be found the estimate in detail, by the commissioner of patents, of the population of each state, in 1847, received too late to be inserted in its appropriate place.]

In connection with these statistics of population, we give the popular vote for President at the election of 1844, and the estimate of the electoral vote of the States in 1848.

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The number of the States of our Union is thirty, and when Wisconsin is organized and elects Senators and members of the House of Representatives, which will be shortly done, the Senate of the United States will be composed of sixty Senators, and two hundred and thirty Representatives will form the popular branch of Congress. Each State, in 1848, will be entitled to a Presidential electoral vote equal to the number of its Senators and Representatives in Congress.

The electoral vote of the States in 1848 will be as follows:

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Recapitulation of the popular Presidential vote of 1844.

Polk's majority over Clay, exclusive of S. Carolina
Majority of Polk and Birney over Clay
Majority of Clay and Birney over Polk

39,340

101,663

22,983

No. Electoral Votes for each Candidate or Party at the last five Presidential Elections.

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Note. In 1832, the electoral votes of Vermont (7) were given for Mr. Wirt, and those of South Carolina (11) for Mr. Floyd-all the rest for Jackson and Clay.

In 1836, the votes of Massachusetts (14) were given for Mr. Webster, those of Tennessee (15) and Georgia (11) for Mr. White, and those of South Carolina (11) for Mr. Mangum-all the rest for Harrison and Van Buren.

In 1828, 1840, and 1844, there were but two candidates.

STATISTICS OF COTTON.

The cultivation, growth, and uses of cotton have become more important than the production of any other raw material, except iron.

The use of cotton was not known in Europe until the tenth century. It is indigenous in Africa, but it was not woven into cloth until the fifteenth century. In Asia, its use was understood in the days of Herodotus. In America, it was cultivated before the discovery by Columbus, who exchanged with the natives, beads and brass for cotton yarn.Cortez sent from Mexico to Spain presents of "cotton cloth of exquisite fabric."

Cotton was not cultivated by Europeans in America as an article of merchandize until the middle or end of the seventeenth century. In 1726, it formed a staple export from St. Domingo. In 1733, it was raised in Surinam by the Dutch. Cotton patches were common in the settlements of Carolina about the end of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth century. In 1783, an American vessel carried to England eight bales of cotton of American production. In 1791, the export was sixty-four bales of 300 pounds each. In 1792, the cotton gin was invented by Eli Whitney, of Massachusetts, which gave a powerful impetus to the production of cotton. The following table shows the increase of the crop for several successive years

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The cotton crop of 1847, is estimated at 1,026,500,000 pounds, and worth about $75,000,000.

The exports of cotton from the United States to Great Britain from September, 1828, to September, 1829, were 498,000 bales, and to France, 184,821. Of the crop of that year, 120,593 bales were manufactured at home.

We present a statement of the value of the exports and amount consumed in this country since that period.

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The exports, up to the latest dates, have been as follows:

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The receipts at the ports named, were 1,617,302 bales, being 187,942 bales more than the prior season, and the shipments to the northern ports of the United States were 347,902 bales, being an increase of 6,317.

It is estimated that our manufacturers consume now about $12,000,000 worth of cotton, producing $84,000,000 worth of goods.

In 1845, Great Britain exported to the United States, £1,056,240 worth of cotton manufactures, including cotton yarn, and in 1846, £1,133,657 worth of the same articles.

The imports into Great Britain in 1847, 1846 and 1845, with the stock in the ports at the close of each year, are stated to be as follows:

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Exported from the Kingdom in 1847, 218,000 bales-ditto in 1846, 194,000

28,130 57,290

157,470

545,790

58,700 67,740 238,380 1,055,270

bales.

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