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guished from Cæsarea Anazarba, and Cæsarea Mazaca, as Cæsarea Germanicia, as may be seen on coins of the time of Severus and of Pescennius. It is said to have been at this city that the latter assumed the purple.

It is, however, most celebrated in ecclesiastical history as the country of Nestorius, and the seat of the episcopacy of Eudoxius, both rude innovators of the primitive church doctrine. The first Crusaders captured this city, which was, at that epoch, called Maresia. It was afterwards a Turkoman principality, till the time of the Sultan Suleïman I., about 1520, when it fell under Osmanli dominion. The celebrated Ferhad Pasha took the city by stratagem, after destroying the last of its princes, called Sheh Suwar Oghlu. In the campaign of Suleiman, the ensuing year (1553), when he reduced Baghdad, Musul, and Van, under Osmanli rule, his son Selim wintered at Marash. The Turkomans rebelled, however, on many occasions since, more particularly under a chieftain, of the name of Kalendah Oghlu, the Turkomans of noble family always adding "son of," to their name, and who preserved his independence, till reduced by the Wuzir Koja Murad Pasha, in the reign of Ahmed I., A.D. 1603.

The chief Turkoman tribes, occupying the country just traversed, from Adana to Marash, are the Melanjinah Oghlu, who enjoy the government of Adana, the Ramadan Oghlu, Karsan Oghlu, Tekeli Oghlu, and Kusin Oghlu. Ibrahim Pasha devastated the country of the latter of these tribes while we were in Syria, but without reducing them to acknowledge his supremacy. It is a mistake to name the Bulgar Tagh, and other portions of Taurus, as is still done in all maps, after the Turkoman tribes which inhabit them. It is a curious fact, that, till our visit to this city, within Taurus, that it was not known where to place it on the map. Theodoritus (ii. cap. 25) says, correctly enough, that it was situated on the confines of three provinces-Cilicia, Syria, and Cappadocia—and, to be more minute, it was a city in the province of Commagena, afterwards, and in the middle ages, called Euphratensis.

At Marash, the pasha was visited; and, in return, we were assailed by the whole household, from kawass, and kawatchi bashi, or head constable, and head coffee-maker, down to the scullion, in search of the perpetual bakshish, or present. The colonel, becoming anxious about the progress-making at Port William, started from hence, in advance of the remainder of the party, who left on the day following. On this occasion, the road lay across the plain of Marash, and then ascended, by a wooded range of hills, covered with snow, and from whence we descended into the valley of the Ak Su, or white water, a tributary of the Pyramus, which has its sources from a group of lakes, situated immediately below Pelvereh, the ancient Perre. A Roman road led from Germanicia to this latter place, which was the connecting point in the Antonine Itinerary and Theodosian tables between the routes to and from Cappadocia, Commagena, and Mesopotamia. We rested for the night in the valley of the Ak Su, in a Turkoman tent, where we were received with customary hospitality.

The next day's ride led us over a stony and woodless range of rocky hills, on which the snow lay deep; and by evening, we gained the great valley, called Araban Owahsi, which is watered by a tributary

to the Euphrates, and, in part, cultivated, with many villages, on its northern side. We were surprised, on arriving at one of these, for the night's halt, to find the Kurd peasants in a state of considerable excitement, and meeting us in far greater numbers than was usual. Their conduct, even after we had obtained a room, was rude and importunate to a degree; and after bearing with it a long time, and making useless endeavours to effect a clearance, we rose suddenly, by a preconcerted signal, and, making a simultaneous rush, ejected the crowd from the apartment and closed the doors. We afterwards found, that the night before, the colonel had lodged in this same village, and had, from the annoyance which he experienced, started without his baggage, which was lying in the village at the time we were there, and which they at first thought we came to reclaim; but gaining courage, on finding out their mistake, they began to consider the possibility of adding a little more to their previous perquisites. The colonel's baggage was, however, ultimately regained, through the Pasha of Marash. It was in this same valley of Araban Owahsi, that the Kurds first began to harass, by their desultory fire and attack upon stragglers, the Turks, whom I had the misfortune to accompany, in their retreat from the field of Nizib.

In the same valley, was an artificial tel, indicating an ancient site, and which, from the number of valuable coins found there, has obtained the name of Altun Tash, or the Golden Stone.

From the Araban Owahsi, we advanced, by a wooded and stony range of hills, upon which we observed a Roman arch in the distance to the left, to Rum-Kal'eh, or the Castle of the Romans, situate upon the Euphrates, and consisting of a considerable walled-in space of various architecture, but chiefly Saracenic, and within which were sundry ruinous dwelling-houses and castellated remains. Mr. Wood, now consul at Damascus, and a companion, were imprisoned in this place, as spies, on our arrival on the Euphrates; but were liberated, through the active intervention of the colonel. We visited the scene of their confinement, which was in the higher part of the castle, and having gone beyond this, to the very summit, in order to obtain a round of bearings, this brought a host of kawasses, like hornets, about our ears, and who came to order us down, as we overlooked the governor's harem.

This castle is peninsulated by a stream, which joins the Euphrates at the same point, flowing through a deep fissure in the rock, while a few houses line the opposite bank, giving to the whole site a picturesque appearance. Although surrounded by a bleak, barren, and stony country, and situated at a point of the river, where its waters are hemmed in by precipitous cliffs, and containing but a dozen or two of houses, there are some rich Turks, to judge by the bright colours of their flowing garments, who reside at this spot, the peculiar advantages of which, except as a stronghold on the river, I could not make out.

From Rum-Kal'eh, we had but a ride of some eighteen miles, amid the varied and pleasant scenery of the banks of Euphrates, to that little scene of European activity already familiar to us as Port William.

THE REBELS: A TALE OF EMMETT'S DAYS.

BY MRS. WHITE.

PART II.-THE LOVERS.

To throw a light upon the bad feeling entertained by Hugh Perring towards his cousins, it will be necessary to give an outline of their domestic history. Both Mrs. Perring and her sister had married men of good fortunes, and of an equal position in society; and during the childhood of their families, nothing could exceed the unity and affection subsisting between them. But, unfortunately, a jealousy arose between Mr. Perring and his brother-in-law, in consequence of some official place becoming vacant at the Castle, for which they both made application, and which the former obtained. After his decease, the sisters renewed their intercourse; but Hugh Perring perpetuated in his own breast the variance felt by his father, and long after death had set his seal on the dissensions of both parents, he continued to his unoffending cousins this feeling of jealous animosity.

Douglas Hewitt, the eldest of his uncle's sons, though equally highspirited, was of a more forgiving and generous disposition; or, perhaps, the great secret of his forbearance to his haughty cousin was, the love with which Hugh's gentle sister Norah had inspired him. As children they had played together, and even then Norah found that her brothers were not half so gentle as cousin Douglas-dear cousin Douglas, who thought nothing of climbing the highest branches of the mountain ash to procure her the most gorgeous of its scarlet treasures, and afterwards of wreathing them amongst her dark and shining hair, till she looked like some little Indian princess, with coral circling her head.

It had never occurred to Hugh Perring that his sister's childish preference for her cousin Douglas should continue to influence her in after years; so that it was with no little surprise and chagrin that he learned that the good-looking young man in regimentals, whom he had seen on duty in the castle-yard on the day of his arrival, was no other than the plain and rather awkward-looking stripling whom he had left two years before in his trencher-cap and gown, at Trinity-and the now affianced husband of his sister. The very profession Hewitt had chosen, seemed like a display of opposition; for the republican principles of the Perrings were no secret among their fellow-collegians, between whom debating parties existed, where the politics of the period were discussed. This new, and closer connexion, therefore, Hugh determined should never take place; but as Norah's fortune was at her own disposal, he knew this was only to be compassed by some underhand machination.

Now, nature had not intended Hugh Perring for a villain, and the task he had proposed to himself was too repugnant to his feelings to allow him to go through with it. He therefore contented himself with exhibiting his unequivocal dislike of Douglas in such a manner as he hoped would lead the latter to resent it, and thus occasion a decided rupture between them. His cousin, however, for Norah's sake, determined to avoid everything that might give a pretext for his malevolence. And so the affair continued, until the unfortunate occurrence VOL. VI.

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of Sydenham's death afforded a sufficient plea for Hugh to put a decided veto on the marriage. He forbade Douglas the house; and, by alternate threats, entreaties, and cruel representations of the light in which her conduct would be viewed if she ever became the wife of her cousin, endeavoured to force Norah into a promise of discarding him; but her love had become a portion of her being, and she felt it would be easier to part with life than with the object of her affection.

Amidst this tumult of suffering, the tide of time swept on. It was a summer evening, and Norah sat alone in the little room that, in her mother's lifetime, had been the scene of so many hours of affectionate intercourse and light-hearted mirth. Her brother's frequent and prolonged absences left her now, more than ever, the prey of regretful memories. She had watched the sun's setting, and the after rising of the moon, and at length, with a feeling of almost faintness from the depressing reaction of overwrought anxiety, turned away from the window. Hours passed on-twelve, one o'clock came, and still she lingered in the room, without lights or companion. At this time, the figure of a man might be seen, not keeping the open path leading to the house, but stealing cautiously beneath the shadow of the trees. As the person drew near the windows of the sitting-room, he paused, and looking anxiously around, placed himself where the shade cast by a group of shrubs prevented the likelihood of his being discovered, and yet admitted of his perceiving the interior of the apartment. The heavy foliage of a few scattered trees in front of the windows formed the shadow of the picture, and between these, as they swayed to and fro in the night-wind, the bright, clear moon gleamed through, illuminating a portion of the apartment in which, at the open instrument, Norah Perring sat; but though her fingers occasionally touched the keys, the sounds produced were wild, unconnected, and sometimes dissonant, proving the utter abstraction of the player. As the breeze freshened, the waving of the branches became more irregular; and as the shade they caused sometimes fell upon the open music-page, or darkened the keys, she once or twice started, as if a living thing beside her had occasioned the shadow.

For a short time, Douglas remained within his hiding-place; but unable to contain himself longer, he rushed forward, tapped against the window, and the next moment held to his bosom the scarcely sensible form of Norah, who, overcome by tenderness for her lover, and terror at the possibility of her brother's return, could only weep forth her alarm and pleasure.

The

The brief and agitated discourse that ensued between them, was broken by a slight noise, as if the window had rebounded from a sudden pressure of the casement. Associating every fear with the presence of her fierce, remorseless brother, Norah trembled with apprehension as Douglas left her side to discover its cause. young man gazed forth, but could see no one. The wind had gone down, and the trees stood still as if in sleep-the ramifications of each stately branch being traced against the clear sky with unerring fidelity -while the gravel-paths that intersected the flower-beds looked white and distinct in the moonshine.

"We are both nervous," said the young man, smiling. And he

beckoned her towards the window, where they stood looking out upon the lovely scene before them.

Just as Norah was restored to a state of comparative tranquillity, her fears were again excited by remarking that an old woman with a red handkerchief on her head, and wrapped in a grey cloak, crept cautiously from beneath the bushes near the window, and peering about for a moment, moved stealthily away. The bent form, and shuffling gait, discovered at once the mendicant Ansty Connelly.

Douglas was endeavouring to quell his fair cousin's uneasiness, when a bright flash of light suddenly shot up above a dark and distant part of the city, and was followed by a loud report that shook the window at which they were standing.

"My God!" exclaimed the young man, hastily. "They have risen -the city is attacked-and I am here! Let me go, Norah. I may yet save your brother. You have no need to fear; his party will not harm you, and the soldiery dare not. Farewell!" And he burst from her, before she half comprehended the fearful meaning of his words. When she did comprehend them, her first impulse was to follow him; and she ran wildly out upon the lawn, and down the avenue leading to the road, when something like a huge grey ball, just within the gate, opposed her progress. She stood still: it uncurled itself; and, throwing back the hood of her cloak, Ansty Connelly stood before her.

"Did a gentleman pass you just now, good woman?" inquired Norah, trembling with fright.

"I am surprised at sich a question from the likes of you, Miss Norah Perring. Is it watching your gates I'd be at this hour of the night?" answered the old woman, evasively.

"Perhaps he went the other way," said Norah, utterly unmindful, in her anxiety, of the covert sarcasm of Ansty's reply; "hasten to the road, good woman, and meet him as he passes. I will reward you for it."

"Find another arrant woman for yourself," exclaimed the old crone, sharply; "the time is coming whin Ansty Connelly 'ill be as good as any of you. An', signs by 'ont I make the Orange lads know it! My two fine boys at Ballyholan !-och hone! och hone! Did ye never hear your mother, Miss Norah-may the heavens be her bed!-talk ov the big fight at Ballyholan? and how the anchient Britons kilt Ansty Connelly's two sons? 'Tis that made me so fond ov the moonlight, avich! in hopes the good people 'ed take me out of my throuble, and give me my two fine boys again."

"Poor thing!" ejaculated Norah, who now remembered to have heard it said, that Ansty, was subject to fits of mental alienation. "Poor thing! what a sad example of these past times of terror! Alas! perhaps the consequences of to-night may be to make me equally desolate! Go home, Ansty; or come with me up to the house. This is no place for you, in the damp night air."

"Och! not a dhrop of the blessed dew falls on me, asthore! The fire in my ould head an' heart dhries it all up. Never mind for Ansty, the crater! the night's us't to her; an' the moon 'ed miss her, if she'd stay within."

So saying, Ansty again covered her head with her cloak; and rock

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