&c.-prey s. prà.-(pre is shut, in) preb'end, preb'endary, precedaneous, precedent, precious, precipice, pred'atory, pred'ecessor, pred'icable, pred'icant, pred'icate, predication, pref'ace, pref'atory, prefecture, pref'erable, pref'erence, prejudice, prejudicial, prel'acy, prel'ate, prel'ude (n.), prem'ises, preparation, preposi'tion, presbyter, presbyterian, presbytery, presence, pres'ent (adj.), presentation, presentée, pres'ently, preservation, pres'idency, pres'ident, press'gang, press'man, press'money, press'ure, pres'to, pret'tily, pret'tiness, pretty, prev'alence, prev'alent, (presage s. prês'-áje (n.), or pré-säje' (v.) 11. se, s. sè, in sea, seaboat, seaborn, seaboy, séachart, (sea s. sè in all its compounds) seal, sealingwax, seam, seamless, séarcloth, season, séasonable, seasonably, seasoning, seaward, secant, secrecy, sécret, sécretly, (see and sei s. se,) seed, seedcake, seedpearl', seedtime, seedling, seedsman, seedy, seeing sécsaw, séignior, séignory, seine, seize, séizin, seizure, sénior, sequel, séquence, séquent, séries, sérious, sériously, sérous, sérum, séton, secéde, secession, seclúde, seclusion, secréte, secrétion, secretory, secure, securely, security, sedan', sedáte sedátely, sedáteness, sedition, sedi'tious, sedúce, seducement, seducible, seduc'tive, seduction, sedúlity, select', selec'tion, senior'ity, sepulchral, sepulchre (v.), sequácious, sequa"city, seques'ter, seques'trable, seragl'io, seraph'ic, seréne, serénely, seréneness, serenity, setáceous, sevére, sevérely, sever'ity. (ser, s sår in ser'geant.-sew s. so.) sewer, s. so'år, one who uses a needle. sewer, s. sù'år, an officer who serves up a feast. in most other words the e in se is shut or joined to the next letter, thus-sec'ona, sec'retary, sed'ulous, sel'dom, sem'blance, sensation, ser'mon, ser'vitude, set' tlement, &c. 12. sky, s. skyi, sky, sky'ey, sky'colour, sky coloured, sky'dyed, sky'ed, sky' ish, sky'lark, sky'light, sky'rocket, (kind s. kylnd in) kind, kindly, kindness, unkind, unkindly, unkindness, gav'elkind, mankind, wom'ankind, húmankind. 13. su, s. su, in supine (adj.), supinely, supineness, suprem'acy, supréme, suprémely, supine (n.) 14. super, s. super, in superabun'dance, superadd', superan'nuate, superb', supercar'go, superceles'tial, supercilious, superem'inent, superex'cellent; superficies, superfine, super'fluous, superintend', superior'ity, supérior, super'lative, supernatural, supernumerary, superscrip'tion, superstitious, superven'tion, supervisor, súperable, súperfice, súperflux, &c. 15. th, s. th, in thane, thank, thankful, thank less, thanksgiving, theatre, the oc'racy, theod'olite, theologian, théory, thermom'eter, thésis, thick'et, thief, think' ing, this'tle, thorax, thor'ough, &c. (th s. TH in) than, that, the, their, them, then, thence, thence forth, thencefor'ward, there, there'about, thereby', there'fore, there from', therein', thereinto thereof', thereon', thereto, thereunto, thereupon', these, they, this, thith'er, thith'erto, thith'erward, those, thou, though, thus, thy, thyself'. (thyme s. time.) 16. thr, s. thr, in thrall, thral'dom, thrap'ple, thrash, thrash'er, thread'bare, threat'en, threefold, threescore, thresh'old, thrift'ily, thrift less, thrift'y, thrill, thrive, throat, throb, throe, &c. 17. trans, s. trâns, in transact', transcend', transcribe, transfig'ure, transfúse, trans'it, trans"ition, translate, transmit', transpire, tránsverse, &c. (transi s. trấn-shẻ in) transient, transiently, transientness. 18. un, s. un, in unalterable, unbound', uncer'tain, unconcern', undaunt'ed, undirect'ed, unequal, unexplored, unfortunate, ungen'erous, unhap'py, &c. (u s. ù before n in) unicorn, uniform, uniformly, union, unison, unit, unity, universe, unanim'ity, unan'imous, unifor'mity, unite, unitedly, uni'tion, univer'sal, universal'ity, univer'sally, univer'sity, univ'ocal, (unc s ång in) un'cle, unc' tion, unc'tuous. TERMINATIONAL SOUNDS AN acquaintance with the terminational sounds is important to all who are desirous of acquiring an elegant pronunciation. Teachers will find on trial, that these exercises are well calculated to initiate their pupils into the correct principles of the orthoepy of our language. 1. ic, or ick, at the end of words, sounds ik, in cúbic, somnif'ic, sudorif'ic, magic, lugʻic, pub'lic, angel'ic, academ'ic, astronom'ic, pan'ic, tyran'nic, fabric, rhetoric, emphat'ic, arc'tic, poet'ic, crit'ic, eclip'tic, elas'tic, domestic, &c. 2. d is pronounced like t when the ed is preceded by f, k, p, s, sh, ch, or any sharp consonant, thus, engraff'ed, quaff'ed, cuff'cd, puff'ed, ingulf'ed; creaked, cloaked, ran'sacked, attack'ed, deck'ed, frol'iced, shock'ed, rock'ed, creek'ed, ank'ed, frank'ed, link'ed, look'ed, embark'ed, remark'ed, help'ed, decamp'ed, cramp'ed, developed, clasp'ed, usurp'ed, crisp'ed, lisp'ed, grasped, depressed, oppressed, confess'ed, profess'ed, bless'ed, wit'nessed, address'ed, transgress'ed, repress'ed, possess'ed, guess'ed, cross'ed, discuss'ed, abash'ed refresh'ed, estab lished, published, fam'ished, diminished, finished, aston'ished, flour'ished, lan'guished, extinguished, blush'ed, rush'ed, crush'ed, impeached, encroached, detach'ed, stretch'ed, eurich'ed, branch'ed, search'ed, march'ed, catch'ed, match'ed, despatch'ed, fetch'ed, touch'ed, avouch'ed, &c. (blessed, when an adjective, is, in grave subjects, pronounced in two syllables, thus-a bless'-ed reward.) The ed is pronounced as a distinct syllable in learn'-ed, wing'-ed, when adjectives.The ed in aged always makes a distinct syllable, as an a'-ged man; but when this word is compounded with another, the ed does not form a syllable, as a full ag'd norse.-The ed is pronounced as a distinct syllable in the following adverbs, though it is contracted in the participial adjectives from which they are formed.--forcedly, enforcedly, unveil'edly, deform'edly, feign'edly, unfeignedly, design'edly, resign'edly, restrainedly, refinedly unconcern'edly, undiscern'edly, assuredly, advisedly, composedly, diffusedly, confusedly, unperceivedly, resolvedly, deser'vedly, undeservedly, reservedly, unreservedly, avow'edly, perplex'edly, fix'edly, amázedly. The participial termination ed must never be pronounced as a distinct syllable, unless preceded by d or t, except in the language of Scripture. 3. in ed, a verbal termination, the e is not sounded, and the d is joined to the pre ceding syllable, in mov'ed, prov'ed, approved, disapproved, improved, believed, disbelieved, imbibed, inscribed, transcribed, obliged, disobliged, engaged, convey'ed, survey'ed, delay'ed, plann'ed, mann'ed, crown'ed, frown'ed, mourn'ed, calm'ed, framed, blámed, tamed, skill'ed, toil'ed, referr'ed, deferr'ed, preferr'ed, raised, praised, procúred, secured, inúred, received, &c. 4. ed forms a separate syllable when preceded by d or t, in commended, recommended, moulded, folded, disband'ed command ed, expand'ed, brand'ed, avoid'ed, befriend'ed, offend'ed, defended, blend'ed, extended, suspend'ed, blinded, despond ed, rebound ed, surround'ed; hated, an'imated, abstract ed, affect'ed, limited, deposited, revolt'ed, anoint'ed, devoted, accepted, part'ed, tasted, act'ed, compact'ed, detract'ed, extract'ed, affect'ed, subject'ed, select'ed, collect'ed, direct'ed, protect'ed, convict'ed, deduct'ed, construct'ed, &c. 5. old, s. old, bold, blindfold, inföld, unfóld, behold, withhold, inhóld, uphold, retold, untold, mistóld. (old s. old) threefold, man'ifold, pin fold, marigold, freehold, house hold, thresh'hold, cop'yhold. (old s. âld in scaffold.) 6. ind, s. ind, in bind, behind, gav'elkind, mankind, wom'ankind, húmankind, unkind, pur'blind, remind, wind (v.) unwind. (ind s. ind in) abscind', rescind', prescind', discind', interscind, tam'arind, whirlwind, wind, or wind, (n.) 7. e final, s. è, in ac'me, epit'ome, extem'pore, sim'ile, apostrophe, hyper'bole, syn'cope, syndrome, synec'doche, tem'pore, sys'tole. 8. ibe, s. lbe, in imbibe, ascribe, misascribe, subscribe, describe, rescribe, prescribe, circumscribe, transcribe, inscribe, proscribe, superscribe, interscribe. 9. ice, s. is, in jaun'dice, cow'ardice, prejudice, ben efice, ven'efice, of 'fice, ed'ifice, or'ifice, pontifice, artifice, superfice, chatice, malice, complice, accom' plice, sur plice, pum'ice, cor'nice, precipice, au'spice, avarice, dentifrice, licorice, cic'atrice, matrice, practice, malepractice, poultice, prentice, apprentice, notice, ar'mistice, sol'stice, in'terstice, jus'tice, injustice, cre'vice, nov'ice, service. (ice s. lse in) ice, dice, bespice, entice, advice, device. (ice s. lze in) suffice' sac'rifice. (ice s. èès in) police' caprice'. (oice s. oys in) choice, rejoice', voice, in'voice, outvoice'.-juice s. jùse-ver'juice s. vêr'jús-sluice s. sluse. 10. ance,* s. âns, in disturb'ance, guidance, attend'ance, abund'ance, bal' ance, appearance, remem'brance, frágrance, en'trance (n.) obei'sance, úsance, ex pect'ance, reluctance, exorbitance, inheritance, repent'ance, accept'ance, import'ance, contrivance, allow'ance, &c. (ance accented, or in monosyllables, s. âns in) bechance', perchance', mischance', enhance', askance', romance', finance', entrance', disentrance', complaisance', advance;; dance, chance, lance, glance, prance, trance. 11. ence, s. êns, in in nocence,t acquies'cence, cadence, con'fidence, depend'ence, prúdence, defi"cience, effi'cience, insuffi'cience science, pre scien omnis'cience, con'science, obédience, experience, si'lence, excellence, in'dolence, op'ulence, commence', pref'erence, occur'rence, omnipresence, pen'itence, consist'ence, exist'ence, af'fluence, in'fluence, con'sequence, cl'oquence. 12. scence, s. sens, in quies'cence, coales'cence, invales'cence, convales'cence, adoles'cence, concres'cence, excres'cence, putres'cence, efferves'cence, &c 13. duce, s. duse, in tradúce, abdúce, obdúce, subdúce, edúce, dedúce, redúce, sedúce, indúce, superindúce, condúce, reprodúce, introdúce, prodúce (v.) prod'uce. 14. ide, s. ide, in bide, decide, incide, coincide, confide, backslide, deride, “ astride, bestride, aside, subside, beside, reside, preside, weakside, withinside, betide, springtide, noontide, misguide, divide, subdivide, provide, de'icide, re"gicide, hom'icide, parricide, matricide, fratricide, infanticide, suicide, broad'side, blind'side, in'side, out'side, twelf'tide, e'ventide, whit'suntide, coun'tertide. 15. lude, s. lude, in acclúde, reclúde, preclúde, seclúde, inclúde, conclúde, interclúde, exclúde, elúde, prelúde, (v.) allúde, illúde, collúde, prel'ude, in'terlude. 16. ee, s. è. in bee, fee, refugée appellée, assignée, epopée, decrée, agrée, disagrée, degrée, fricasée, foresée, oversée lessée, fusée, legatée, guarantee, grantée, absentée, presentée, patentée, devotée, repartée, trustée, settée, adVowée, coffee, feof fee, ap'ogee, tro'chee, spon'dee, prithee, ju'bilee, ped'igree, commit'tee, lev'ee. 17. age, s. idje, in cab'bage, herb'age, bond'age, cord'age, vas'salage, pillage, assemblage, dam'age, im'age, man'age, spin'nage, patronage, stop page, av'erage, courage, her'mitage, advantage, port'age, cottage, lan'guage, voy'age, pres'age (n), carriage, miscarriage, marriage, intermar'riage, &c. (age s. aje in) age, cage, incage', gage, engage', pre-engage', disengage', page, ti'tlepage, rage, sage, presage' (v.), stage, assuage', wage, ad'age. 18. dge, s. j, in trudge, grudge, judge, lodge, par'tridge, abridge', ridge, wedge, knowledge, sledge, pledge, fledge, hedge, edge, badge, &c. 19. arge, s. årj, in barge, charge, recharge', overcharge', surcharge', discharge', enlarge', overlarge. 20. able, s â-bl, in applicable, for'midable, com'mendable, peace'able, agréeable, perishable, sóciable, mag'nifiable, amiable, pitiable, es tímable, resumable, definable, sufferable, númerable, ven'erable, an'swerable, advisable, cred'itable, hab'itable, im'itable, suit able, notable, comfortable, &c. (able s. abl in) a'ble, fable, gáble, enable, unable, sáble, disáble, táble, stáble, instáble, unstable. 21. ible, s. é-bl, in evin'cible, invin'cible, do"cible, forcible, iras'cible, dedúcible, cred'ible, audible, le"gible, intelligible, fran'gible, discern'ible, terʼrible, vis'ible, defen'sible, comprehen'sible, pas'sible, impos'sible, plau'sible, com The learner should be required to give the meaning of the prefixes in, un, en, &c.—and terminations ance, ence, &c. See Exp. p. 24, 25, 26, &c. The pupil should be made to comprehend the difference between a compound and deri. vative word. patible, convert'ible, resist'ible, combustible, inflex'ible, &c. (ible s. ibl in bible. oible s. oy-bl in foi'ble.) 22. uble, s. ù-bl in sol'uble, indis'soluble, vol'uble. (ouble s. ubl in) double, redouble, semidou"ble, trouble. 23. ile, s. 1, in fa"cile, croc'odile, do'cile, a"gile, juvenile, feb'rile pu'erile, ten'sile, mis'sile, volatile, ver'satile, project'ile, duc'tile, mercantile, rep'tile, fer'tile, hos'tile, futile, sex'tile, ser'vile, flex'ile, &c. (ile s. ile in) rec'oncile, cham'omile, in'fantile, gen'tile, pen'tile, ex'ile, défile. (n.) awhile, some while, erewhile, oth'erwhile, compile, revile, beguile (v.) (ile s. ile in) profile. (ile s. èle in) mobile (ile s. èlè in) sim'ile, u'tile; when utile is used as an adjective, it is pronounced in two syllables, with the accent on the first. 24. stle, s. sl, in cas'tle, fore'castle, nes'tle, tres'tle, wres'tle, this'tle, whis'tle, epis'tle, bris'tle, gris'tle, jos'tle, thros'tle, bus'tle, jus'tle, nus'tle, rus'tle. (stle s. sul in pestle). 25. some, s. sum, in some, glad'some, whole'some, long'some, dark'some, some, toil'some, ran'some, bur'densome, light'some, cum'bersome, &c. 26. sume, s. súme, in absúme, desúme, consume, assume, reassume. (sume s. zume in) resúme and presúme. 27. ine, s. in-in sab'ine, med'icine, ima"gine, en'gine, amaran'thine, hyacin'thine, al'kaline, a'quiline, cor'alline, met'alline, chrys'talline, dis'cipline, mas'culine, fam'ine, jes'samine, exam'ine, re-exam'ine, cross-exam'ine, er mine, deter'mine, predeter'mine, exter'mine, ver'mine, jas'mine, relúmine, illúmine, fem'inine, her'oine, rap'ine, supine, (n.) nectarine, salaman'drine, Alexan'drine, per'egrine, doc'trine, cit'rine, pal'atine, adaman'tine, lib'ertine, asbes'tine, des'tine, predes'tine, clandes'tine, intes'tine, pris'tine, amethys'tine, sang'uine, ensang'uine, gen'uine, jac'obine, (ine s. ¡ne) wood'bine, col'umbine, carbine, con'cubine, mus'cadine, incar'nadine, brig'andine, con'fine, (n.) fe'line, out'line, cal'amine, car'mine, counter'mine, sat'urnine, por'cupine, sac'charine, fe'rine, vi'perine, brig'antine, val'entine, ser'pentine, tur'pentine, ves'pertine, combine, calcine, saline, decline, recline, incline, disincline, underline, interline, undermine, countermine, canine, repine, supine (adj.) divine, untwine, intertwine, moon' shine, outshine, define, refine, &c. (ine s. ènè in) fasciné, machiné, tambariné, mariné, ultramariné, submariné, transmariné, tabouriné, quarantiné, colbertiné, routine, magaziné. (essoine s. essoyn'). 28. ire, s. ire, in ire, dire, bemíre, quag'mire, aspire, respire, transpire, inspire, conspire, perspire, suspire, expire, desire, retire, entire, intire, attire, acquire, require, prerequire, inquire, esquire, wild'fire, bon'fire, em'pire, um'pire, ac'rospire, grand'sire. (ire s. Ir in) cam'phire, sapph'ire.-sa'tire or sat'ire-solitaire s. sôl-è-tárc. 29. sure, s. zhure, in pleas'ure, displeas'ure, meas'ure, outmeas'ure, treas'ure, intreas'ure, incis'ure, exposure, press'ure, impress'ure, sciss'ure, fiss'ure, commiss'ure, rásure, leisure, clósure, enclosure, disclosure, composure, discomposure, disposure, cen'sure, compress'ure, coun'terpressure, express'ure, ensúre, unsúre, assúre. 30. ture, s. ture, in júdicature, féature, créature, ligʻature, min'iature, abbre'viature, entablature, legislature, na'ture, sig'nature, illnáture, tem'perature, literature, curv'ature, manufacture, conjecture, lec'ture, ar'chitecture, picture, stric'ture, junc'ture, forfeiture, furniture, hor'ticulture, adven'ture, pas'ture, mix'ture, mature, prematúre, immature. 31. re, preceded by a consonant, s. êr, in sabre, fibre, om'bre, a'cre, wise'acre, mas'sacre, lúcre, théatre, amphith.e'atre, elec'tre, spectre, métre, pe'tre, saltpétre, mitre, nitre, centre, scep'tre, lus'te, accou'tre, livre.-parterre', s. par-tare. 32. ise, s. lze, in criticise, circumcise, ex'ercise, ex'orcise, mer'chandise, meth'odise, cat'echise, mon'archise, eter'nalise, nat'uralise, disnaturalise, e'qualise, syuon omise, com'promise, epitomise, man'umise, recognise, tyranise, col'onise, patronise, glut'tonise, modernise, eter nise, authorise, disauthorise, tem' porise, contem'porise, en'terprise, up'rise, (n), like'wise, length'wise, nówise, otherwise, slant'wise, demise, premise, surmise, presurmise, despise, rise, arise, sun rise, reprise, comprise, surprise, misprise, uprise (r.), advertise, cnas tise, advise, devise, revise', disguise, supervise, weath'erwise. (ise s. Iz in) franchise, affran'chise, enfran'chise, disfran'chise, amor'tise. (ise s. is, in) prom'ise, break'promise, tor'toise, trea'tise, prac'tise, diver'tise, mor'tise. (ise s. Ise in) par'adise, impar'adise, precise, rise* (n.), concisé. (oise s. oyz in) noise, poise, équipoise, counterpoise, overpoise. (aise s áze in) chaise, appraise, dispraise. -chevaux-de-friesé s. shev-ó-dè-frèze. 33. ciate, s. sheate, in glaciate, conglaciate, emaciate, depreciate, offi'ciate, provin'ciate, enun'ciate, annun'ciate, consociate, (v.), associate (v.), dissóciate, crúciate, excrúciate, consóciate (n.), associate (n. or adj.) 34 lute, s. lute, in salúte, elúte, dilúte, pollute, ab'solute, res'olute, irres'olute, dis'solute. 35. ue is silent in league, colleague, intrigue, fatigue, harangue, ped'agogue dem'agogue, syn'agogue, di'alogue, cat'alogue, prologue, opaque, antique, bur lesqué, mosque, &c. (ue s. à in) ague, ar gue, vai'ue, undervalue, overval'u av'enue, revenue, ret'inue, continue, discontin'ue, stat'ue, vir'tue, unglúe, (ue 88 in) rue, congrue, true, untrue, construe, miscon'strue, iss'ue, tiss'ue. 36. ive, s. iv, in give, forgive, ol'ive, outlive, evasive, suásive, dissuásive, adhésive, decisive, repul'sive, expan'sive, defenʼsive, apprehen'sive, pen'sive, osten'sive, explosive, corrósive, subver'sive, extor sive, pas'sive, transmis'sive, precur'sive, abúsive, conclusive, amúsive, vindic'ative, commúnicative, rec'reative, neg'ative, palliative, talk'ative, rel'ative, appel'lative, contemplative, super'lative, em'ulative, affirm'ative, prepar'ative, demon'strative, disputative, abstrac'tive, disjunc'tive, defin'itive, inquisitive, incep'tive, distrib'utive, dimin'" utive, &c. (ive s. ive in) five, hive, bee hive, live (adj.), alive, connive, over drive, derive, deprive, arrive, contrive, revive, connive, survive. 37. g before n in the same syllable is silent in imprégn, campaign, champaign, arráign, condign, sovereign, for'eign, malign, benign, subsign, design, resign, en'sign, consign, countersign, assign, impúgn, propúgn, oppúgn, expúgn. 38. ing, s. ing, in amazing, dy'ing, say'ing, knowing, deserv'ing, last'ing, writing, blessing, hearing, mourning, morn'ing, opening, alarm'ing, changeling, lord'ling, breathing, accord'ing, understanding, building, bid'ding, trading, réading, pleading, leading, facing, piercing, &c. 39. inging, s. ingin, in cling'ing, fling'ing, ring'ing, spring'ing, stringing, wring'ing, singing, sting'ing, wing'ing, swing'ing, sling'ing, bring'ing. 40. ong, s. ông, in thong, dipthong, triphthong, along, oblong, headlong, end long, belong, side'long, erelong, live'long, prolong', o'verlong, furʼlong head'strong, e'vensong. (ong s. ung in) among', amongst 41. ough, s. d, in furlough, bor'ough, thor'ough, although', (ough s. ow) bough, plough, slough, a deep mire; (ough s. ôf in) cough, hooping-cough' chin'cough, clough, an allowance in weight; trough. (ough s. if in) enough rough, tough-ough s. 38 in through-ough s. up in hic'cough. 42. th, s. th, in death, heath, breath, wreath (n.) path, breadth, zenith, here with', therewith', wherewith', forthwith', forsooth', betroth', az'imuth, &c. (th s. TH in) sheath (v.) unsheath', beneath', underneath', with, smooth, sooth` (v.) mouth (v.) 43. cial s. shâl in special, judicial, beneficial, official, artifi"cial, super fi'cial, provincial, social, commer'cial, fidúcial, &c. 44. tial, s. shâl, in ini"tial, solsti"tial, substan'tial, circumstan'tial, creden'tial, den'tial, prudential, pestilen'tial, reveren'tial, essen'tial, peniten'tial, poten'tial, nuptial, mar'tial, partial, impartial, &c. (tial, preceded by s, sounds tsheal in) bes'tial, celestial, subceles'tial, superceles'tial. 45. ful, s. fül, in dread'ful, need'ful, hand'ful, peace'ful, graceful, changeful, venge'ful, revenge'ful, guileful, tuneful, hopeful, careful, grateful, spiteful, wasteful, wish'ful, faithful, slóthful, plen'tiful, boun'tiful, thank'ful, mournful, won'derful, delightful, &c. * Those words are pronounced according to Walker. |