may be applicable, except limiting the number of times a Senator may speak, and except that the ayes and noes shall not be taken.

60.

SUSPENDING AND CHANGING RULES.

No standing rules or order of the Senate shall be rescinded or changed without a vote of two thirds of the members-elect, and one day's notice being given of the motion therefor; but a rule or order may be suspended temporarily by a vote of two thirds of the Senators-elect except that portion of rule 29 relating to the final passage of bills. by the Assembly. All proposed amendments to these rules shall be referred to the Committee on Rules, without debate.

EXECUTIVE SESSION.

61. On a motion, made and seconded, to close the doors of the Senate on the discussion of any business which may, in the opinion of the Senate, require an executive. session, the President shall require all persons, except the Senators, President of the Senate, Secretary, Sergeant-at-Arms, and Doorkeeper to withdraw, and during the discussion of said motion the doors shall remain closed; and every member and officer of the Senate shall keep secret all such matters, proceedings, and things whereof secrecy shall be enjoined by order of the Senate.

MESSENGERS, WHEN INTRODUCED.

62. Messengers may be introduced at any stage of business, except while a question is. being put, while the ayes and noes are being called, while the ballots are being counted, or while a Senator is addressing the Senate.

SMOKING.

63. No smoking shall be allowed within the Senate Chamber.

SAN FRANCISCO DELEGATION.

64. Members of the Senate from the city and county of San Francisco shall constitute.

a standing committee, to be known as the San Francisco Delegation.

LEAVES OF ABSENCE OF MEMBERS OF THE SEN

ATE VISITING PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS.

65. No leave of absence shall be granted any committee, special or standing, to visit any public institutions of the State or for any other purpose. Whenever any committee shall report to the Senate that it is desirable that such committee receive information concerning any public institution, the Senate may, by a two-thirds vote of all its members, grant a leave of absence to not more than three members of such committee, to be designated by the Chairman thereof. Application for a leave of absence of such members of a committee shall be made to the Senate in writing by the chairman thereof, and such application shall give the name of the institution or institutions to be visited and briefly recite the occasion and necessity for visitng the same, together with the names of the committeemen designated for that purpose. Such application shall immediately, and without debate, be referred to the Committee on Rules, with instructions to report upon the same on the next legislative day. Said members shall be allowed their actual expenses.

CASES NOT PROVIDED FOR, CUSHING TO Govern.

66. In all cases not provided for by these rules, the Senate shall be governed by the laws and practices as laid down in Cushing's Law and Practice of Legislative Assemblies.

1. Twenty-one votes to pass all bills (except No. 2).

2. Two-thirds vote of members elect to pass a bill increasing number of Superior Judges.

3. Two-thirds vote of members-elect to suspend the Constitution in case of urgency.

4. Two-thirds vote of members-elect to pass Constitutional Amendment.

5. A majority vote of those voting to amend a Constitutional Amendment.

6. Twenty-one votes to pass concurrent resolution ratifying a City Charter or amendment thereto.

7. Two-thirds vote of members-elect to pass a bill over the Governor's veto.

8. Three-fifths vote of members-elect to increase the number of attachés and employés.

9. A majority of those voting to pass all other resolutions.