HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ON A PLAN ADAPTED TO THE CAPACITY OF YOUTH, AND DESIGNED TO AID THE MEMORY BY SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT AND BY CHARLES A. GOODRICH. ILLUSTRATED BY ENGRAVINGS AND COLORED MAPS. TO WHICH ARE ADDED THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES, AND THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. REVISED FROM FORMER EDITIONS, AND BROUGHT DOWN TO THE PRESENT TIME. BOSTON: HICKLING, SWAN AND BREWER. CLEVELAND: INGHAM & BRAGG. 1858. Educ T708.58,415 HARVARD COLLEGE LIBRARY GIFT OF GEORGE ARTHUR PLIMPTON Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1852, by CHARLES A. GOODRICH, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the District of Massachusetts. INDEX TO MAPS. No. 1, MEXICO, GUATIMALA, AND WEST INDIA ISLANDS,. faces p. 14 No. 2, EASTERN STATES, No. 3, CANADA, NEWFOUNDLAND, NEW BRUNSWICK, NOVA SCOTIA, &c. No. 4, MIDDLE STATES, No. 5, SOUTHERN AND WESTERN STATES, 66 172 No. 6, MEXICO, PREFACE. THE School History herewith presented to the public has undergone such alterations as nearly to justify the announcement of it as a new work. The original division into periods, however, has been retained; the experience of teachers, for more than twenty years, having decided that, in this respect, it scarcely admits of improvement. And, in confirmation of the correctness of this judgment, it may be stated that every School History of the United States, published since the date of Goodrich's first edition, has been written, without exception, it is believed, upon the same general plan; and, in some instances, so nearly identical with his, as in the estimation of some to justify a question of legality. The following are the principal alterations and improvements now introduced: 1. Upon the recommendation of an experienced teacher, the two sizes of type used in former editions are dispensed with; and all matters by way of explanation, or in respect to which simply reading is deemed sufficient, are reduced to notes. 2. The individual and separate history of the several colonies founded prior to the "French and Indian War," declared in 1756, is given to that period; and thence unitedly, as their histories from that time naturally blend together. 3. As to chronology, the New Style has been adopted in relation to all events prior to 1751, the time when the English Parliament adopted the Gregorian reformation. 4. A manifest improvement the author thinks he has made in his mode of treating the several administrations; namely, by giving the pupil an early and distinct ENUMERATION of the principal events by which each one was distinguished. 5. The author anticipates the approbation of intelligent and experienced teachers for one feature of the work, if for no other, the omission of minor events, which would serve to embarrass and discourage the pupil, while an attempt is made to give due prominence to such events as are of obvious importance, and which should be firmly riveted in the memory. This want of discrimination has often sadly marred our historical school-books. 6. A series of questions is now appended to the volume. It is scarcely necessary to add - what every author has found a source of no small perplexity- that, in regard to the date of numerous events in our history, authorities differ, and so widely, sometimes, as to render it difficult, if not impossible, to determine the precise truth. Should positive errors be discovered, the author will esteem it a favor to be informed, that the needful corrections may be made. CHARLES A. GOODRICH. Hartford, 1852. INTRODUCTION. THE study of History presents the following advantages: 1. It sets before us striking instances of virtue, enterprise, courage, generosity, patriotism; and, by a natural principle of emulation, incites us to copy such noble examples. History also presents us with pictures of the vicious ultimately overtaken by misery and shame, and thus solemnly warns us against vice. 2. History, to use the words of Professor Tytler, is the school of politics. That is, it opens the hidden springs of human affairs; the causes of the rise, grandeur, revolutions and fall of empires; it points out the influence which the manners of a people exert upon a government, and the influence which that government reciprocally exerts upon the manners of a people; it illustrates the blessings of political union, and the miseries of faction, the dangers of unbridled liberty, and the mischiefs of despotic power. 3. History displays the dealings of God with mankind. It calls upon us often to regard with awe his darker judgments; and, again, it awakens the liveliest emotions of gratitude for his kind and benignant dispensations. It cultivates a sense of dependence on him, strengthens our confidence in his benevolence, and impresses us with a conviction of his justice. 4. Besides these advantages, the study of History, if properly conducted offers others,- of inferior importance, indeed, but still not to be disregarded. It chastens the imagination, improves the taste, furnishes matter for reflection, enlarges the range of thought, strengthens and disciplines the mind. 5. To the above it may be added, that the History of the UNITED STATES should be studied, 1. Because it is the history of our own country. 2. Because it is the history of the first civil government ever established upon the genuine basis of freedom. 3. Because it furnishes lessons upon the science of civil government, social happiness, and religious freedom, of greater value than are to be found in the history of any other nation on the globe. 4. Because it presents uncommon examples of the influence of religious principle. 5. Because an acquaintance with it will enable a person better to fulfil those duties which, in a free government, he may be called to discharge. GENERAL DIVISION. THE History of the United States of America may be dividea into Sixteen Periods, each distinguished by some striking characteristic, or remarkable circumstance. PERIOD FIRST extends from the Discovery of America by Columbus, 1492, to the first permanent English settlement in America, at Jamestown, Virginia, 1607, and is distinguished for DISCOVERIES. PERIOD SECOND extends from the Settlement of Jamestown to the "French and Indian War," 1756, and is distinguished for SETTLEMENTS. PERIOD THIRD extends from the French and Indian War, 1756, to the commencement of the American Revolution, in the Battle of Lexington, 1775, and is distinguished for the FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR. PERIOD FOURTH extends from the Battle of Lexington, 1775, to the disbanding of the American Army at West Point, New York, 1783, and is distinguished for the WAR OF THE REVOLU TION. PERIOD FIFTH extends from the Disbanding of the Army, 1783, to the Inauguration of George Washington as President of the United States, under the Federal Constitution, 1789, and is distinguished for the FORMATION AND ESTABLISHMENT OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION. PERIOD SIXTH extends from the Inauguration of President Washington, 1789, to the Inauguration of John Adams, 1797, and is distinguished for WASHINGTON'S ADMINISTRATION. PERIOD SEVENTH extends from the Inauguration of President Adams, 1797, to the Inauguration of Thomas Jefferson, 1801, and is distinguished for ADAMS' ADMINISTRATION. |