American Tough: The Tough-Guy Tradition and American Character

ACT values aggressive Amer American culture American toughness attitudes behavior belying device boys British chap Christopher Lasch classless competitive concern with toughness consumer corporate cult Daniel David Riesman democratic Despite dime novels dynamic early economic effeminacy especially essay Eugene Burdick fear feminization fiction football frontier Gamesman groups hard Harvey Wheeler hero historical ican idea images individual industrial John John Dizikes Kennedy laconic language less Lonely Crowd Maccoby machismo male manly masculinity mastery military modern moral movie myth Nathan Todd ness nineteenth century notions of toughness novels organization paperback physical political popular produced prowess public school puritan Richard Rip Kirby roles Rupert Wilkinson self-reliance sexual society soft strength Strenuous stress styles term theme Theodore Roosevelt tion Tom Wolfe tough-guy twentieth century Ugly American upper-class urban versus virility Western World World War II writers York