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in New Mexico, Kanzas, and Nebraska, and donations to actua settlers therein, making provision for Postal Service in California, Oregon, and Washington, to graduate and reduce the price of the Public Lands to actual settlers and cultivators, to increase the pay of the rank and file of the Army, and to carry into effect the Reciprocity Treaty between the United States and Great Britain. The tabular view of the railroads in the country is continued from the last volume: and the comparative view of the debts, property, and general financial condition of all the States, has been corrected with great care from the latest official returns. The information concerning the Individual States is as full as in former years. It is believed that nowhere else can be found such full details respecting the Executive and Judiciary, the finances, schools, charitable institutions, and pauperism and crime, of the several States. Should any one note inaccuracies or deficiencies therein, he is urgently requested to correct them. The European part of the work, revised from the best authority to late dates, gives the several States of Europe, with their form of government, the name, title, and date of accession of the reigning sovereigns, the area and population of the several countries. It also gives the Royal Family, the Ministry, and the Judiciary of England. The Ministry of France is added. A Foreign Obituary for 1853 and 1854 is given, which it is intended to continue hereafter. The obituary notices and Chronicle of Events have been prepared with care. The space is so limited, that many names and events which otherwise would be given are necessarily omitted.

The thanks of the Editor are particularly due to the Heads of Department at Washington, and to his many contributors and correspondents, to whom the work is indebted for a great part of its value. A continuance of their favors is respectfully solicited. A work embracing such a multitude of facts must necessarily contain errors; persons who may detect any are earnestly requested to communicate them to the Editor. It is particularly desirable that these communications should not be anonymous. It is frequently a source of regret to the Editor, that he cannot suitably acknowledge the valuable hints and assistance of anonymous correspondents. It is a matter of some public interest, that a periodical which circulates so widely, both in Europe and America, and which is so universally trusted as a manual for reference, should be rendered as accurate as possible; and this end can be obtained only by the co-operation of many individuals. Communications should be addressed to the "Editor of the American Almanac," Boston.

Boston, Mass., December, 1854.

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No. of Post-Offices, &c., since 1790,.. 167
Foreign Mail Service,

Receipts and Expenditures for Con-
tract year, in detail,

Do. under old and new Laws,.

Revenue under Postal Treaties,

Compensation of Postmasters,

Rates of Postage in United States,.. 172 29. Fineness and Value of certain Foreign

Privilege of Franking,
Rates of Foreign Letter and News-
paper Postage, &c.,........

Governments of North America,...
West Indian Governments,

Reigning Sovereigns of Europe,
States of Europe,.

...

236 25. Michigan,

...............

240 26. Indiana,.

251 28. Missouri,

243 27. Illinois,

253 29. Iowa,

....... 258 30. Wisconsin, ...............

... 259 31. California,.

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313

313

313

313

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Apportionment of U. S. Representatives
Appraisers at Large...
Appropriations, U. S., for 1854, 1855.. 127,
Army List.

Army Officers, Pay of..................
Army Pension Agents.

127 Engineers in Navy, Pay of.....

PAGE
107

352 Envoys Extraordinary, &c. ........ 116, 120
275 Ephemeris of the Sun..................................... 47-52
323 Eras, &c...

215 European States

315 Events, General, in 1853.
285

66

1854.

3

346

188 Executive Government of U. S........... 87
88 Expenditures of U. S. for 65 years...... 150
128 Expenditures of each State ............ 195
100 Exports of each State for 1852-53
...... 162
110 Exports, Value of, in 1850-53 .......... 157
98 Exports to Foreign Countries........... 159
141 Exports for 63 Years.

........ 152

Army, Act to increase pay of rank & file of
Arsenals in the United States........... 102 Federal Representative Population...... 188
Assistant Treasurers
88 Festivals of the Church ..............

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Atmospherical Electricity..................................... 65 Finances of the States.....

Attorneys of U. S. Courts..

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Banks in the United States
Banks. See the several States.
Barometrical Observations
Cabinet, Officers in the

Calendar: January, &c...............
California.

California Gold.

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.76-83 Foreign Goods imported in 1852.... 153-156
87 Foreign Mail Service ..

8-31 Foreign Ministers, &c., in U. S......... 120
310 Foreign Nations, Intercourse with...... 115
190 Foreign Obituary.

.....

California Land Claims, Commission ....
Capitals of States...

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........

.......

336

90 Foreign Trade, Countries of........159-161
192 France.

............

323

188 Franking Privilege .......................................... 173
3 General Events in 1853

Census of U. States (Seventh)
Celestial Phenomena, Signs, &c. ........
Chronicle of Events.
• 343

Chronological Cycles

Church Festivals

....

Circuit Courts.

4 Georgia

66

1854................ 345
272

5 Government, Seats of, in different States. 192
110, 111 Governments, Annual Expenses of State. 195
Cities, Principal, Population of.. .... 189 Governors of States, &c. Terms and Salaries 193
Clerks of Circuit Courts of U. S......... 113 Great Britain.
Clerks of District Courts of U. S......... 113 Illinois.
Clouds and Winds in 1853 ........... 76-83 Imports, Value of, in 1852-53.......... 153
Coinage of Mint since 1792.
... 191 Imports for 63 Years...

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Coins, Fineness and value of certain foreign 217 Imports of each State for 1852-53...... 162
Collectors of Customs.
93 imports paying ad valorem Duties...153-156
196 Imports free of Duty

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Commercial Agents in Foreign Countries 117 Supervising Inspectors of Steam-vessels. 99
Commercial Marine of the U. S.
163 Intercourse with Foreign Nations....... 115
Commissioners, U.S., in Foreign Countries 116 Interior, Department of the ............. 89
Congress, Thirty-Third, 2d Session 179-185 Iowa..
Connecticut

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.............. 258 Land-Office, Registers, Receivers, &c. 95

Department of the Interior................................. 89 Lands, Public

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208

88 Lands, Public, Act to graduate and reduce
Departments, Officers in the ......... 88-90 Price of
141
112-115 Latitude and Longitude of Observatories 41
District of Columbia .................. 315 Latitude and Longitude of Places.... 42-46

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Mail Service, Foreign...
Maine....
Marine, Commercial, of the U. S.. ......
Marine Corps.
.........
Mars and Venus, Discs of....................................
Marshals, U. S....
Maryland

Massachusetts

..........

168 Public Lands, and Sales of.

208, 209
219 Public Lands, Surveyors-General of... 96
163 Public Laws, Titles and Abstracts of..... 127
109 Public Resolutions of Congress.......... 143
39 Railroads in New England...
202-204

142

113 Railroads in Construction in New England 204
259 Railroads in the U. S.........
202-208
229 Receivers and Registers of Land-Office.. 95
Massachusetts, Railroads of............ 202 Reciprocity Treaty, Act to carry into Ef-
Medical Schools
201 fect
Meteorological Information.......... 76-83 Religious Denominations
.................................................. 294 Representatives, Alphabetical List of.... 185
Military Commands. ............................................... 101 Representatives, House of........
Military Posts

Michigan

........

Militia Force of the U. S. ............
Minnesota Territory.

...

Ministers of U. S. in Foreign Countries..
Ministers, Foreign, in U. S...

Mint.

Mint, Officers of, Coinage, &c.
Mississippi...
Missouri..

...

.....

192

... 182

102 Representatives, State, No. of, and Terms 193
104 Representatives, U. S., Apportionment of 188
313 Resolutions, Public, of Congress......... 143
116 Revenue and Expenditure.
144-152
.......
120 Revenue, U. S., for 65 Years............ 15
189 Rhode Island..

........ 190 Saturn's Rings

............................................. 278 School Fund of States..

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Navigation.

160, 164 Senate of the U. S.

Navy Department.

................

Navy List

....

89 Senators, State, No. of, and Terms....... 193
106 Slaves in the U. S.

Navy Officers, Pay of.................. 107 Smithsonian Institution....

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187

201

268

207

317

314 Specific Duties. See Imports.
132 State Department.....

88

222 State Elections, &c....

192

251 State Finances, Debts, &c. .........
313 Steamboat Inspectors

194, 195

99

47-52

64

110

96

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New Jersey.......

New Mexico Territory

New York..

................

Newspapers, Postage on............172-178 Sun, Ephemeris of the ...........

New York, Railroads in......

North Carolina....

..........

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Obituary, Foreign, in 1853 and 1854

Observatories, Latitude and Longitude of

Occultations

Ohio..........

Oregon Territory

243 Sun's Parallax in Altitude.......
205 Supreme Court, U. S........................................
267 Surveyors of Land-Office..

38 Theological Schools..

....... 290 Tides, Height of Greatest, in 1855........
...... 313 Titles and Abstracts of Public Laws...... 127

Oregon Territory, Postal service in...... 138 Tonnage of the U. S.....

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Pamphlets and Magazines, Postage on.... 178 Tonnage, Comparative View of, for 39
Parallax in Altitude of the Sun..........
Pennsylvania..

Pension Agents, Army and Navy....
Planets, Signs of the.....

...

253 Trade, Foreign, Countries of.
98, 99 Treasurers, Assistant,.

Pole Star, Apparent Places of the .......
Population of the Globe..
Population of the U. S.

53 United States, Seventh Census.........
316 Utah Territory

163

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3 Treasury Department

88

188

............

313

....

Population of Chief Cities in U. S....... 189 Vermont
Postage, Rates of Inland..

187, 189 Venus and Mars, Discs of..............

39

226

172 Vessels and Tonnage from 1815-1853 163-164
.....174-178 Vessels of War in U. S. Navy

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Postage, Foreign.

Postage to Oregon and California, Foreign 174 Virginia..
Postmasters in Chief Towns and Cities... 90 War Department
Postmasters, Compensation of.. 135, 167, 171 Warehousing System, Act concerning,
Post-Office Department.
90, 164 Washington Territory,

314

208

87 Wisconsin.
..............

167 West Indian Governments.............
169 Winds and Clouds .................. 76-83
308

316

Post-Office Distributing Offices........90-93 Washington Territory, Postal Service in.. 138
Post-Office Rec's and Expend's in 1852, '53 169 Western Railroads
Post-Office Statistics since 1790..
Post-Office Revenue......
Presidents of the U.S..
Property of States.....
Public Lands, Act to graduate and reduce
Price of.....

....

195 Young's Refractions........................................... 63
Zodiac, Signs of the............

141

.......

4

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