sive of the lands in Oregon, California, New Mexico, Utah, the Indian and Nebraska Territories, the entire area of the public domain is stated, after a careful examination, to have been 471,892,439 acres. Up to June 30, 1853, $142,283,478 had accrued from sales of land to that date. The aggregate outlay of every kind upon these lands to the same date, including cost of purchase, of surveying, and of selling, was $88,994,013, leaving as net profit to the government $53,289,465, or an annual average of nearly a million of dollars for the last fifty years. If there should be added to this, at the rate of $1.25 per acre, the value of the land granted for bounties, schools, internal improvements, &c., it would amount to more than double the above sum. There yet remain of the surveyed lands 96,940,709 acres, worth (net, after deducting cost of selling) $116,018,641, and of the unsurveyed lands 137,635,629 acres, worth (net) $161,873,263. Total, $277,891,904. The average cost per acre to the government of acquiring title, &c. to the lands is 14.41 cents; of survey, 2.07 cents; of selling and managing, 5.32 cents; in all 21.80 cents; while it receives $1.25 per acre, or a net profit on each acre sold of $1.032. The following table shows the sales of public lands and the proceeds thereof from the year 1833 to 1853, inclusive. The sales, however, by no means show the amount of public lands disposed of during the year; for there were during the year ending June 30, 1853, located with military bounty land warrants and other certificates, 6,151,787 acres, donated for railroads, 1,427,457 acres, and selected by the States as swamp lands, 16,684,253 acres. Full details of the present condition of the public lands, and of the various grants and donations thereof for purposes of education and of internal improvement, are given in the American Almanac for 1850, pp. 180 et seq. The Secretary of the Interior states "that the principle of granting alternate sections, and selling those reserved at double the ordinary price, has been found by experience to be most salutary." Quantity of Public Land sold, and the Amount paid for it, in each Year, from 1833 to 1853, inclusive. 3,856,227.56 4,972,284.84 1844 1834 4,658,218.71 6,099,981.04 1845 1835 12,564,478.85 15,999,804.11 1846 1836 20,074,870.92 25,167,833.06 1847 1837 5,601,103.12 7,007,523.04 1848 1838 3,414,907.42 4,305,564.64 1849 1839 4,976,382.87 6,464,556.79 1850* 1840 2,236,889.74 2,789,637.53 1851+ 1841 1,164,796.11 1,463,364.06 1852t 1842 1,129,217.58 1,417,972.06 1853+ 1843 1,754,763.13 2,207,678.04 2,621,615.26 1,756,890.42 1,605,264.06 2,016,044.30 Total, 78,135,917.45 100,212,193.20 The following table shows the number of land-warrants issued under the acts of 1847, 1850, and 1852; the number located; and the number now outstanding. XXVII. BANKS IN THE UNITED STATES. THE following abstract of the condition of the State Banks throughout the Union is taken from a letter of the Secretary of the Treasury to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, dated May 6, 1854, which is printed as House Document No. 102. The information was obtained in compliance with a resolution of the House adopted as long since as July 10, 1832. The following statement of the method of preparing the tables is taken from the "Letter." "In all the tables prepared in the Treasury Department, the following general rules have been observed: "1. The net amount of the capital of the banks has been given whenever it could be ascertained. So, whenever a bank appears to have bought shares of its own stock, that amount has been deducted from its gross capital. Bank stock thus bought in stands on the same footing as bank stock not paid in. "2. The capital is placed first, and next to it 'loans and discounts, stocks, real estate, and other investments,' to show at one view the whole investments of each bank supposed to yield income, and the ratio these investments bear to the capital paid in. "3. The next four columns, sums due by other banks, notes of other banks on hand, specie funds, and specie,' comprise all the immediate means of the banks. "4. The next three columns, 'circulation, deposits, and sums due to other banks,' comprise all the immediate liabilities of the banks. "Under the head of 'deposits' are included 'dividends unpaid,' and all other sums due on demand, as far as could be ascertained. "5. The four columns, 'circulation, deposits, sums due to other banks, and other liabilities,' include all the liabilities of the banks, excepting what is due to their own stockholders for capital paid in, and profits acquired. "6. From these general tables the items 'profit and loss, surplus and contingent funds,' &c., &c., are excluded; partly because they are, as Mr. Gallatin observes, merely balancing accounts,' and partly because they cannot be conveniently introduced on a sheet of the size of that on which the public documents are printed." In the following statements are included, it is believed, all the incorporated banks that were in operation in the beginning of 1851 and the beginning of 1854, a few scattering ones excepted, and these consisting chiefly of banks that had but lately commenced business. In the State of Texas there is one bank doing a small business, from which no returns have been received. In the States of California, Florida, Arkansas, and Iowa, and in the Territories of New Mexico, Oregon, Washington, Utah, and Minnesota, there are no incorporated banks. In the returns from some of the banks of Pennsylvania, and those of some other States, a considerable amount of specie is believed to be embraced under. the head of "specie fund," but the exact amount cannot be ascertained. 1. Comparative View of the Condition of the Banks in the different States in 1850-51, and 1853-54. Connecticut, April, 1850 41 April, 1853 New York, 53 Sept., 1850 197 Oct., 1850 6 15,917,429 22,844,911 121,414 2 9,907,503 15,607,315 5,147,741 10,663,627 974,895 20 842,000 Mississippi, 118,460 112,275 Tennessee, Jan., 1851 19 6,881,568 10,992,139 432,902 Kentucky, Jan 1851 5 21 7,536,927 12,536,305 694,962 26 10,869,665 21,398,386 802,124 Jan., 1854 1 5 Illinois, April, 1853 Indiana, Nov., 1850 13 2,082,950 4,395,099 Dec., 1853 31 13 5,554,552 Ohio, 7,247,366 3,257,064 8,718,366 17,059,593 2,200,891 8,013,154 17,380,255 2,808,337 Michigan, Jan., 1851 5 1 764,022 1,319,305 420,521 Jan., 1854 6 1,084,718 Wisconsin, None. 2,199,093 637,725 None. None. Jan., 1854 Comparative View of the Condition of the Banks in the different States in 1850-51, and 1853-54. 1,090,463 6,666,412 5,346,161 103,614 283,844 13,461 441,164 537,761 264,812 28,145 1,004,863 844,329 389,983 396,035 1,657,411 245,349 384,800 713,414 1,890,685 436,538 202,204 3,321,589 736,120 10,403,509 3,031,957 10,498,824 5,272,690 151,528 11,529,939 3,488,890 18,175,670 270,546 183,468 1,578,663 267,804 224,448 432,378 42,685 32,849 1,134,413 1,230,064 4,266,916 2,591,962 2,864,944 1,007,843 652,756 5,375,738 3,804,410 3,879,120 117.981 2,000 306,545 74,600 51,022 124,262 352,286 81,511 177,293 405,245 768 1,173,200 965,796 78,552 Maryland, Virginia, 756,551 321,007 28,256 1,681,036 158,827 1,595,092 199,848 North Carolina, 127,806 18,785 1,074,794 483,947 137,154 1,842,569 643,821 73,324 South Carolina, 338,429 266,205 5,020,998 810,895 306,909 645,639 Georgia, 7,195,063 2,377,715 3,117,466 535,593 141,300 8,176,932 712,950 1,735,422 603,957 247,852 63,865 362,084 111,296 Louisiana,. 2,255,169 2,042,149 2,225,896 1,200,000 Comparative View of the Condition of the Banks in the different States in State. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey,. Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky, Missouri, Illinois, . Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, 2,993,178 17,005,826 11,176,827 6,549,929 442,084 3,563,782 21,172,369 15,067,204 8,608,238 474,051 297,661 2,553,865 1,488,596 650,560 133,773 359,699 4,895,529 2238,856 1,062,615 362,729 640,622 5,253,884 2,395,311 468,768 38,961 1,145,857 10,224,441 3,542,935 716,770 829,581 10,045,330 26,415,556 50,774,193 21,873,928 2,984,727 14,169,905 32,573,189 75,554,481 20,227,967 5,848,627 622,855 3,046,658 2,411,861 373,453 805,533 4,917,412 4,133,454 486,561 4,327,394 11,798,996 18,484,779 5,857,740 156,878 4,331,656 17,420,348 22,747,991 4,640,970 159,773 833,960 502,755 170,873 133,367 1,286,933 860,947 107,075 2,709,699 3,523,869 5,838,766 1,923,206 5,669 1,456,778 6,814,376 1,917,757 61,638 10,000 1,983,790 6,821,836 2,200,922 108,470 447,425 2,794,351 7,643,075 2,323,657 1,256,589 100,807 4,596,249 13,573,510 3,102,159 2,809,031 1,198,263 2,522,500 1,098,981 76,280 937,835 2,487,580 1,313,744 None. None. 419,531 1,351,788 1,197,880 3,422,445 1,820,760 7,116,827 1,764,747 445,359 100,622 2,750,537 11,059,700 5,310,555 1,305,839 343,856 2,319,064 9,839,008 7,693,610 1,866,172 249,887 125,722 897,364 416,147 42,589 138,930 357,672 1,270,989 1,078,606 82,496 438,488 None. None. None. None. None. 182,482 485,121 654,423 710,954 For the totals see Tables 2 and 3. |