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well. With these items included, the overall resources to the Nation's Library would be $458.3 million.

DR. BILLINGTON WELCOMED

We welcome today Dr. James Billington, the esteemed Librarian of Congress. I know you have a number of people here on the staff you want to introduce. We particularly want to thank John Hemperley, your Budget Officer, along with Chuck Turner, for working closely with this committee. They are highly respected professionals, and we are glad to have the cooperation from them that has made it possible for us to work closely with the Library for a number of years.

Jim, would you introduce all the others you would like to present to us, and then make whatever comments you want to make? We are going to place your formal remarks in the record.

INTRODUCTION OF WITNESSES

Dr. BILLINGTON. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

Well, we do have a fairly large group. I should mention that Daniel Mulhollan, who is the new Acting Deputy Librarian of Congress, came from CRS.

Mr. FAZIO. I want everyone up here to know who these individuals are; if they would raise their hand.

Dr. BILLINGTON. Winston Tabb, our new Associate Librarian for Collections Services who had previously been Acting Deputy Librarian of Congress; Don Curran, Associate Librarian for Constituent Services; Mary Kathleen Price, head of the Law Library; John Cole, who is the Acting Associate Librarian for Cultural Affairs. He is about to be succeeded in the position of Associate Librarian by Carolyn Brown, who has been our head of educational programs at the Library. Rhoda Canter the Associate Librarian for Management and Acting Associate Librarian for Special Projects; Bill Ellis, Associate Librarian for Science and Technology Information. He also came from CRS. Ralph Oman, the Register of Copyrights; Joseph Ross, the Director, Congressional Research Service. Herbert Becker Director, Information Technology Services, the automation world. Herb, you know from past years. Frank Kurt Cylke, Director of National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped. Alan Jabbour, Director of American Folklife Center.

James R. Trew, Director of Integrated Support Services.

Kenneth E. Harris, Director of Preservation and National Preservation Programs. Eric Schwartz Policy Planning Adviser, Copyright Office. He has been working on the Film Preservation Board. John D. Webster, Director of Financial Services; and we have others from the Library from our unions and John Hemperley you already introduced. I think those are perhaps the key ones.

Mr. FAZIO. We will have our outside witnesses following. Typically most of the testimony is about the Library in one aspect or an

LIBRARIAN'S STATEMENT

Dr. BILLINGTON. I appreciate the opportunity to be here once again, Mr. Chairman, to discuss our budget request for fiscal year 1993.

The Library of Congress is the world's greatest and most usable repository of human knowledge, not only now but any time in human history. It is becoming an even more important asset for meeting the needs of our Nation in an age of keen international competition; and where the growths in the economy depend on the information base.

So we can better use the limited resources we have done extensive planning over the past several years and will take a new look next year I want to give you some advance notice of all existing programs from the bottom up, to assess their long-term value and make recommendations to Congress for any necessary funding changes that might be needed in our fiscal year 1994 budget.

For fiscal year 1993, we are requesting only those funds necessary to provide the best possible research and reference service to the Congress, to continue aggressively with our priority task in reducing the backlog of unprocessed materials, to maintain our traditional core of services to the Nation, and to begin to modernize our capacity to deliver scientific and technological information to the Congress and to the country.

This request totals $357.5 million, a net increase of $27.7 million, or 9 percent, over fiscal year 1992.

Given the information demands on the Congress and the country, which the Library of Congress is in a unique position to address, this is, we think, a frugal budget request.

Nearly two-thirds of the requested increase is required to keep pace with inflationary costs, over which we have no control, and are legally obliged to deal with. Of the remaining $10.7 million, the largest single item is for storage space for our collections.

The next largest item is for the safety and ergonomic needs of those personnel who spend 50 percent or more of their time in front of computers.

The Library of Congress maintains a collection that will sometime later this year pass 100 million items, many of them irreplaceable, in over 450 languages and most formats of transmission of human knowledge and creativity.

The Library provides impartial analytical research and information to the Congress on public policy issues, answering more than half a million Congressional requests a year; and, of course, includes the Law Library and unique other collections which are especially accessible to the Congress.

SERVICES TO THE NATION

As you know and as our map indicates, this massive information resource also serves the entire country in a variety of ways, which are shown on the map that Mr. Turner is holding for you.

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Research Libraries

Cooperative Cataloging

Sites for the National Library Service for

the Blind and Physically Handicapped (Regional)
Sites for the National Library Service for the

Blind and Physically Handicapped (Subreg

(also includes Guam)

Sites for Traveling Exhibits

State Centers for the Book

★ American Memory

JLC Chamber Music Broadcast Series

*Foreign Acquisitions Program Participants

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On-Line Computer Access Sites (LC Direct)
Reference Correspondence Agreements

Research Libraries: Exchange of Cataloging Information
X Interlibrary Loans (also includes Guam)

Surplus Books Donations (also includes Guam)

XXX Global Libraries (includes number of cable network cities)

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XXX Cataloging Services to the Nation's Libraries - Savings of $387 million

JAN 29, 1992

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SERVICES TO THE NATION CONTINUED

Dr. BILLINGTON. The Library supplies bibliographic products to libraries and bibliographic utilities in all 50 States, cataloging that would cost America's libraries in excess of $370 million annually if they had to do the work themselves.

The Library makes available to researchers vast information resources in virtually all formats, subjects and languages, serving more than 900,000 readers here, and responding to more than 1.5 million information requests a year.

The Library—also performs a national referral service in that many of those requests are referred immediately back to the local libraries in the communities which can respond using local re

sources.

The Library also provides on-line access to automated information files containing more than 25 million records for Congressional offices, and for libraries throughout the Nation.

The Library also answers more than 35,000 requests a year from all States for interlibrary loan, which we give without charge, unlike most libraries.

The Library's Copyright Office administers U.S. copyright laws and actively promotes international protection of intellectual property created by U.S. citizens, processing more than 650,000 claims for copyright legislation, and 380,000 requests for information annually.

The Library manages a free national reading program for 700,000 blind and physically handicapped people and circulates more than 20 million items annually through 147 regional and subregional libraries and multi-State centers.

CENTER FOR THE BOOK

In addition, the Library of Congress promotes reading and literacy through 25 State affiliates of the Library's Center for the Book Program; last year the Center had more than 100 other organizations connected with it, so the multiplier effect of all these things is considerable.

The Library manages the Nation's leading collection of folk music and folklore, promotes the preservation of folk culture throughout the U.S.; and coordinates and administers a cost-effective procurement program for nearly 1300 other Federal libraries.

LINKS TO THE WORLD

Now, besides those services providing links to the Nation which, after serving Congress, of course, are our highest priority, I think it is interesting to note that the Library is an increasingly important link to nations overseas, providing at low cost substantial benefits to American libraries, universities, law schools and other institutions.

A number of these is illustrated on this other map, including purchasing materials through six overseas offices, not only for the Library of Congress, but also for 97 other major American research libraries.

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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS LINKS TO THE WORLD

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