other, physically, intellectually, and socially. They are complements of each other. Neither is complete alone. The one makes good the deficiencies of the other. Physically, man is characterized by compact muscular development, indicative of power; woman, by bending and varied lines, gracefully rounded limbs, and smooth surfaces, indicative of delicacy and grace. He has more of the motive temperament; she, more of the vital. Mentally, he excels in the intellectual powers; she, in the social affections. He is logical, she is intuitive.

"For contemplation, he, and valor formed;

For softness, she, and sweet, attractive grace."

All discussion in reference to equality, superiority, or inferiority, in connection with the sexes, is decidedly out of order. Man is superior in his distinguishing qualities—in those special endowments which constitute him a man; and woman is superior in her special line of development—in those gifts which constitute her a woman. We may properly compare two men with each other, with reference to their natural capacities and powers, or two women, and pronounce one the superior of the other; but not a man and a woman. She is best and highest in her place-he in his. Each attains the full measure of power and efficiency only in union with the other,

That the difference between the sexes is not a mere matter of bodily form is shown by the shape of the cranium in each. The male head rises high from the opening of the ear to Firmness. In the social region, Amativeness is the dominant organ. Pride, energy, self-reliance, and intellectual capacity are indicated. A well-balanced female skull is fine, smooth, and even. The social group of organs, as a whole, is more fully developed than in the male, but Amativeness is less prominent. At Benevolence and Veneration the female is relatively more developed, but less so at Firmness and SelfEsteem.

THE SOCIAL AFFECTIONS.

Marriage naturally grows out of the requirements of man's social nature, represented by what we are accustomed to call the Domestic Propensities, These are grouped together in

the posterior region of the brain, and comprise the following

organs:

AMATIVENESS;

FRIENDSHIP;

PARENTAL LOVE;
INHABITIVENESS; AND

CONJUGALITY, OR UNION FOR LIFE.

A brief exposition of the functions of these organs will serve to show how essential marriage is to their full and harmonious action, and how certainly any other relation of the sexes must lead to their abuse and perversion.

1. Adhesiveness.-First in the order of development is Adhesiveness, or Friendship, giving a desire for companionship and affection-for something to cling to-and the impulse to embrace and fondle. This feeling manifests itself even in infancy. The child appreciates the mother's caresses at a very early stage of its existence, and shows itself pleased and disposed to return them. At a later day, brothers, sisters, playmates, dolls, and pets of various kinds help to call it out still further and widen its sphere.

Adhesiveness gives the sentiment of general friendship, without distinction of sex. It may, and often does, exist between a man and a woman, but it does not take sex into account. Girls manifest more of this feeling than boys, and show it in their actions-their clasping of the hands, their entwining arms, and their frequent embraces. The poet happily describes the action of this organ when he says:

"The heart, like a tendril accustomed to cling,

Let it grow where it will, can not flourish alone;
But will lean to the nearest and loveliest thing

It can twine with itself and make closely its own."

But while Adhesiveness of itself has no relation to sex, and simply seeks to give and receive affection, it co-operates harmoniously with Amativeness and Connubial Love, strengthening and elevating the affection existing between husband and wife. It may exist between a man and a woman who experience no stronger feeling toward each other; but where both this feeling and those of love and connubiality are in exercise toward the same person, each gives strength and

intensity to the other. Love does not necessarily involve Friendship, but it by no means excludes it.

2. Amativeness.-The function of this organ is to manifest sexual feeling-to give the desire to love and be loved, and to find love's fruition in the most intimate union. Its primary end is the perpetuation of the species. It responds to the Divine command to "increase, multiply, and replenish the earth;" but it has, incidentally, a most powerful refining and elevating influence upon both sexes-making man courteous, polite, attentive, charitable, and forbearing; and woman kind, tender, winning, gentle, and confiding. Combined with the higher sentiments, and properly controlled by them, its action leads to the most beneficial results, physical, social, intellectual, and moral. It is only in its perversion that it becomes gross and indelicate, or leads to degradation and crime.

It is this faculty that inclines mothers to love their sons more than their daughters, and fathers to become more attached to their daughters than to their sons; and in propor tion as a young man is dutiful and affectionate to his mother, will he be fond of his wife and faithful in his love; and the young girl who manifests true devotion to her father and her brothers may safely be trusted as a wife.

3. Conjugality.-Conjugality, or Union for Life, represents the mating propensity or instinct of permanent union. It is closely related to Amativeness, and works in conjunction with that faculty, but is distinct in function and independent in action. It often comes into exercise before Amativeness, and leads to the choosing of mates before the promptings of sexual love are felt. Boys and girls sometimes become attacked to each other, even in childhood, tacitly plight themselves, and afterward marry and remain faithful through life.

4. Parental Love.-Parental Love, or Philoprogenitiveness, as its name implies, is the peculiar feeling which watches over and provides for offspring. Its primary function is to impart love for the young, and especially for one's own children; but it also leads, as an incidental manifestation, to a general fondness for pets.

Parental love in man implies marriage-a permanent union

of the father and mother; for in no other way can the proper care be given and the necessary provision be made for offspring. The child needs the protection of the father, the tender offices of maternal love during its earliest years, and, later, the teachings and guidance of both, in a well-ordered and happy home.

5. Inhabitiveness.-The Love of Home is one of the elements of domestic happiness, and it is the function of Inhabitiveness to impart it and to create a desire to have a permanent place of abode-a "homestead" of one's own-to adorn, beautify, and make attractive. Where this organ is large, there is a strong love of place, domicile, and country, and great aversion to a change of residence, with a liability to homesickness when absent from the beloved familiar scene.

We have thus completed the circle of the domestic propensities the faculties which make man a social being and demand that relation of the sexes called marriage. If there be any truth in physiology and phrenology, then, as it seems to us, is the permanent union of one man with one woman in accordance with the divinely instituted order of nature.

II.

Qualifications for Matrimony.

Mens sana in corpore sano-A sound mind in a sound body.

The social enjoyments of the marriage relation depend upon the capacity for them which exists in the mental organization.—Anon.

PHYSICAL AND MENTAL SOUNDNESS.

F it be in accordance with the laws of nature that men and women should marry, it must also be intended that they shall be physically and mentally

sound, and fitted to fulfill every requirement of the matrimonial relation. Marriage was instituted, primarily, for the perpetuation of the race. It implies, therefore, the necessary physical completeness and bodily health in both the man and the woman to become the parents of sound, well-organized, healthy children. This is the law. This is according to the intentions of nature. We may consider in another place what exceptions, if any, may be made-what indulgence permitted, in view of the present state of ignorance, weakness, and undevelopment in which the race is sunk.

In connection with a body fully developed in all its organs and parts, and with every function in healthy activity, there must be a sane mind-a reasoning intelligence, capable of forethought and of adapting means to ends. We have not right to propagate disease, idiocy, or mental obliquity. Persons afflicted with incurable diseases, or whose minds are deranged or hopelessly imbecile, are utterly unfitted thereby for marriage, or, at least, for becoming parents. Such persons not only bring misery upon themselves by their disregard of the prohibition of nature, but they transmit the terrible legacy to their children. Society abounds in heart-rending illustrations of this solemn but little regarded truth. Continual