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mass in many things not only hath no foundation of Christ's Apostles or the primitive Church, but is manifestly contrary to the same, and containeth many horrible abuses in it. And although many, unlearned or malicious, doth report, that Mr. Peter Martyr is unlearnede, yet, if the Queen's Highness will grant thereunto, I with the said Peter Martyr and other four or five which I shall choose, by God's grace will take upon us to defend, that not only the Common Prayers of the Church, the ministration of the sacraments, and other rites and ceremonies, but also that all the doctrine and religion set out by our late Sovereign Lord King Edward VI, is more pure and according to God's word, than any other doctrine that hath been used in England these thousand years: so that God's word may be the judge, and that the reasons and proofs on both parties may be set out in writing; to the intent, as well that all the world may examine and judge therein, as also that no man shall start back from his writings. And where they boast of the faith which hath been in the Church these thousand years, we will join with them in this point: for that doctrine and usage is to be followed, which was in the Church fifteen hundred years past. And we shall prove, that the order of the Church set out at this present in this realm by Act of Parliament, is the same that was used in the Church fifteen hundred years past. And so shall they never be able to prove theirs.

[This report had been circulated, and contradicted by Cranmer two years before. See Answer to Gardyner, vol. iii. p. 308. and Answer to Smythe, vol. iii. p. 12.]

(4)

Foxe, Acts, &c. vol. iii.

P. 44.

[Disputation at Oxford with Chedsey and others, April, 1554.]

About the tenth of April, Cranmer Archbishop of Canterbury, Ridley Bishop of London, and Hugh Latimer BiApril 10. shop also sometime of Worcester, were conveyed as prisoners Dr. Cran- from the Tower to Windsor; and after, from thence to the mer, Dr. Ridley, and University of Oxford, there to dispute with the divines and Mr. Lati- learned men of both the Universities, Oxford and Cambridge, about the presence, substance, and sacrifice of the sacra

mer sent

down to

Oxford to dispute.

a

[This Disputation is taken from Foxe. Four notaries (two on each side) were appointed to report it, and Jewell and Gilbert Mounson acted in that capacity for Cranmer. Yet, notwithstanding this apparent fairness, Bp. Hoper and his friends, in their reasons for declining a similar disputation at Cambridge, expressed their fears, not only that they should be stopped from prosecuting their arguments, but also "that the censors and judges at their pleasure would put to and take "from that which was written by the notaries; who can not or must "not have in their custody that which they write, longer than the dis"putation endureth, as their doings at Oxford declareth." . . . " Yea, "if any man was seen to write, as the report is, the same man was sent "for, and his writings taken from him." Foxe however, as Strype relates, "by his diligence procured many and divers copies" of the proceedings, (among which probably was one written from memory by Cranmer himself,) and he may be supposed to have compiled his account from such as he considered the most copious and correct. The greater part of these are now lost; but there still exist in manuscript, the official report from Weston the Prolocutor, to Boner, (Harl. MSS. 3642;) some short notes of the chief arguments, in the Library of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, (340. art. 13;) and some longer ones, in the Public Library of the same University, (Kk. 5. 14.) None of these documents enter so fully into detail as Foxe, but they are of considerable use in confirming his statements. They have been consulted for this purpose, and some parts of them also have been extracted; particularly Cranmer's two Explications or Answers in the original Latin.

Several of Foxe's logical remarks have been removed from the text to the notes; some portions of his narrative have been omitted; and many errors have been corrected in the quotations. In other respects, it is hoped, his report of the Disputation will be found to have been faithfully reprinted. See Preface; Foxe, Acts and Monuments, vol. iii. pp. 44. 100; Strype, Cranmer, p. 340; and compare Strype's Grindal, p. 18, with the marginal note of Foxe, vol. iii. p. 56.]

ment. The names of the University doctors and graduates TheUniverappointed to dispute against them were these: of Oxford, appointed sity doctors Doctor Weston, Prolocutor, Doctor Tresham, Doctor Cole, to dispute against the Doctor Oglethorpe, Doctor Pie, Master Harpsfield, Master Archbishop Fecknam. Of Cambridge, Doctor Yong, Vice-Chancellor, and his felDoctor Glin, Doctor Seaton, Doctor Watson, Doctor Sedgewicke, Doctor Atkinson, &c.

consulta

On Saturday, being the 14th of April,... they went all to Another St. Mary's Church; and there, after a short consultation in tion of the a chapel, all the Commissioners came into the quire, and sat doctors and priests. all on seats before the altar, to the number of thirty-three persons and first they sent to the Mayor, that he should bring in Doctor Cranmer, which within a while was brought to them with a number of rusty billmen.

Cranmer

doctors and

ry's Church.

The reve

rend humi

of the Arch

Thus the reverend Archbishop, when he was brought be- Archbishop fore the Commissioners, reverenced them with much humi-brought belity, and stood with his staff in his hand, who, notwithstand-fore the ing having a stool offered him, refused to sit. Then the high priests Prolocutor, sitting in the midst in a scarlet gown, began at St. Mawith a short preface or oration in praise of unity, and espe- The cially in the Church of Christ; declaring withal his bring-lity and ing up, and taking degrees in Cambridge, and also how he behaviour was promoted by King Henry, and had been his counsellor, bishop beand a catholic man, one of the same unity, and a member fore them. thereof in times past; but of late years did separate and cut off himself from it, by teaching and setting forth of erroneous doctrine, making every year a new faith: and therefore it pleased the Queen's Grace to send them of the Convocation, and other learned men, to bring him to this unity again, if it might be. Then showed he him, how they of the Convocation-house had agreed upon certain Articles, whereunto they willed him to subscribe.

The Archbishop answered to the preface very wittily, The answer modestly, and learnedly, showing that he was very glad of of the Archbishop to an unity, forasmuch as it was "conservatrix omnium rerum Dr.Weston. "publicarum, tam ethnicorum quam Christianorum ;" i. e. "the preserver of all commonwealths, as well of the hea

"then as of the Christians;" and so he dilated the matter with one or two stories of the Romans' commonwealth. Which thing when he had done, he said, that he was very glad to come to an unity, so that it were in Christ, and agreeable to his holy word.

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When he had thus spoken his full mind, the Prolocutor caused the Articles b to be read unto him, and asked if he would grant and subscribe unto them. Then the Bishop of Canterbury did read them over three or four times, and touching the first Article, he asked what they meant by these terms, "Verum et naturale;" i. e. "true and natural.” Do you not mean,' saith he, Corpus organicum;' i. e. 'a 'sensible body? Some answered, 'Idem quod natum est ex Virgine;' i. e. the same that was born of the Vir'gin;' and so confusedly some said one thing, some anThe Arti- other. Then the Bishop of Canterbury denied it utterly; cles denied and when he had looked upon the other two, he said they by the Archwere all false, and against God's holy word: and therefore he would not agree, he said, in that unity with them c. Which done, the Prolocutor, first willing him to write his mind of them that night, said moreover, that he should dispute in them, and caused a copy of the Articles to be deto dispute. livered him, assigning him to answer thereunto on Monday next; and so charged the Mayor with him again, to be had to Bocardo, where he was kept before; offering moreover unto him to name what books he would occupy, and should have them brought unto him. The Archbishop was greatly

bishop.

Scarborough warning

given to Cranmer

[The following are the Articles, as given in the official report mentioned in the preceding note.

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"1. In sacramento altaris virtute verbi Domini a sacerdote prolati, præsens est realiter sub speciebus panis et vini naturale corpus Christi conceptum de Virgine Maria. Item, naturalis ejusdem sanguis.

2. Post consecrationem non remanet substantia panis et vini, neque alia ulla substantia, nisi substantia Christi, Dei et hominis.

3. In missa est vivificum Ecclesiæ sacrificium pro peccatis tam vi"vorum quam mortuorum propitiabile." Harl. MSS. 3642.]

[In the above-named official report, it is said, that Cranmer "primo "eosdem articulos in forma verborum qua concipiuntur veros non esse “asseruit, nihilo minus aiebat, quod si copiam eorundem articulorum "et tempus perpendendi eosdem concederemus, redigere vellet in scriptis ejus ad eosdem responsum, nobisque in crastino tunc consequente die transmittere." Harl. MSS. 3642.]

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commended of every body for his modesty; insomuch that some Masters of Art were seen to weep for him, which in judgment were contrary to him.

On Sunday after, Mr. Harpsfield preached at St. Mary's, the University Church, at nine of the clock, where were divers of the doctors of the University in their robes, and placed accordingly. After the sermon they went all to dinner to Magdalen College, and there had a great dinner. They supped at Lincoln College with the Prolocutor, whither Doctor Cranmer sent answer of his mind upon the Articles in writing.

ceptores

Cranmer

On Monday, being the 16th of April, Mr. Say and Mr. April 16. SubscripWhite, notaries, went about in the morning to the Colleges, tion. to get subscriptions to the Articles. And about eight of the clock the Prolocutor with all the doctors and the Vice-Chancellor met together at Exeter College, and so they went into the Schools; and when the Vice-Chancellor, the Prolocutor, and doctors were placed, and four appointed to be Excep- Four Extores argumentorum set at a table in the midst, and four argumennotaries sitting with them, Dr. Cranmer came to the An- torum. swerer's place, the Mayor and aldermen sitting by him; set in the and so the Disputation began to be set a work by the Pro- Respondlocutor with a short præludium. Dr. Chedsey began to Dr. Cranargue first, and ere he left, the Prolocutor divers times, mer closed Doctor Tresham, Oglethorpe, Marshall, Vice-Chancellor, Pye, Mayor and Cole, and Harpesfield did interrupt and press him with their aldermen for running arguments; so that every man said somewhat, as the Pro- away. locutor would suffer, disorderly, sometime in Latin d, some- Disputers against the time in English; so that three hours of the time was spent Archbiere the Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge began, who also was shop.

[The official report states the previous arrangement to have been, that the Disputation should take place “scholastico more, atque con"cisis argumentis, et sermone Latino." It appears from the MS. in the Public Library at Cambridge, that Cole first departed from the regulations. (MSS. Kk. 5. 14.) Respecting the unfair and disorderly conduct of the disputation, see Cranmer's Letter to the Council, vol. i. Lett ccxcvi. Ridley's Report, in Foxe, Acts, &c. vol. iii. p. 90. Hoper's Letter to Farrar and others, ibid. p. 159. Declaration and Confession of Faith by divers godly preachers, ibid. p. 100.]

ent's place.

in by the

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