as usual, is put into the cylinder and roasted until to her majesty, and a corresponding petition was ac- In the house of commons, on the 24th of July, Mr. Wetherell moved for the prosecution of the editor of the Western Luminary, for a libel on the queen. His language was, “shall a woman who is as notoriously devoted to Bacchus as to Venus-shall such a woman as would, if found on our pavement, be committed to Bridewell and whipped, be held does. It is not worth while to spend further time in explaining this process-it is so simple that every one must, at a single glance, discover the whole operation, and see that the aromatic qualities of the coffee, which hitherto flew off and evaporated in air, are retained and passed into the rye, or other grain used, in part, as a substitute for coffee, by its being confined in the cylinder, containing the cof fee and rye. The whole process, and minute instructions, will be found in the printed directions accompanying each roaster. Foreign Articles. GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. London dates to the 27th July. Witnesses of the greatest respectability, in favor of the queen, were daily expected from Italy-nobles and persons of the first rank, male and female. A lady has addressed a note to the editor of the Times, as follows: "SIR-having observed in your paper this morning, an article signed "an Italian," censuring, as illiberal, the speech of sir R. Fergusson, and having myself been two years in Italy, I can state, from my own observation and knowledge, that for 20 dollars I could obtain the affidavit of any servant in the country, and I take upon myself to aver that no English lady or gentleman, who has travelled through that country, will deny this fact." A very severe altercation appears to have taken place between Dr. Lushington, the new counsel for the queen, and lord Castlereagh; but we have not the particulars of it. A royal proclamation has appeared postponing the coronation indefinitely. Additional troops are called to the metropolis. If they should happen to act like the soldiers of Spain and Naples, it will be a very convenient thing, and prevent much trouble and bloodshed. Addresses continue to be offered to the queen. Among them one from "the females of Nottingham." The secret committee of the house of lords consists of four of the king's ministers, seven ministerial peers, two bishops, and one person only who is not pledged, as it were, to condemn the queen. While It is said that the queen, apprized at Milan of this committee were preparing the report on the secret mission, caused four women to be dreswhich the late bill of degradation and divorce was sed in male attire, and that some of those persons founded, the queen's counsel handed in certain pa- may make an important figure on opening the pers which they stated were important to the vin-"green bag." Some say the witnesses against her dication of her fame, but they were returned uno. pened! Public attention in England is still engrossed al most exclusively by the approaching trial of the queen. Her advocates speak confidently of her in nocence, and in one of the answers to the various addresses presented to her, she says, will amount to 200-these are to be drilled at the British minister's house at the Hague. An unlucky politician travelling in a boat on the Tyne, spoke freely of the queen; on which a sailor present threw him into the river and held him there until he was nearly drowned. The king has been pleased to appoint Stafford "I feel no inquietude about the result of the pre-Canning to be his majesty's envoy extraordinary sent attack upon my honor and my peace. The and minister plenipotentiary to the United States of charges against me in 1806 had no other origin than America. malice, and no other support than perjury. The charges against me in 1820 will be found to be equally destitute of proof." Four men were digging for the site of the new church, in the new church yard at Chelsea, in July last, and found water about ten feet from the The house of lords adjourned on the 26th of July ground, of which they drank. They were soon afto the 15th of August; and the house of commons ter taken ill and are since dead. One man was seizto the 21st of August. Every lord is to be special. Jed with delirium, ran about the ground, throwing ly summoned to attend, and they will be fined 1007 the spades and other implements at his fellow workper day for the first three days, and 507. per day men, and soon after dropped down dead. It is afterwards, for non attendance: no excuses to be supposed the water was in a high state of putrefacallowed, unless for persons over 70 years of age, or tion. sick, or being out of the realm on the 10th day of July. The hall was to be prepared to accomino. date 300 lords more than usual, on the trial of the queen. There is no doubt, in the event of the house of lords proceeding with the discussion of the bill of pains and penalties, that her majesty, as was the Case with queen Catherine, will attend in person during the whole investigation. The common council of London passed their resolutions on the 17th of June against the mode of proceeding commenced in parliament with respect An attempt was made to assassinate the duke of Athol on his estate in Scotland-for a cause not stated. The villain was taken into custody. The affairs of the Ionian Islands are to be enquired into. Edwards, the spy, was said to be in Dublin. Two persons have been convicted of high treason at Glasgow, and were to be hung and then be beheaded. Several persons were lately executed at the Old Bailey. The king appears to be severely afflicted with the gout. The persons accused of high treason at Sterling | repeated that this petition was at least reasonable: (Scotland) have plead guilty, and thrown themselves and he begged the house not to consider that they were done with all the analogies in point of law as on the mercy of the court. The queen had been for applicable to this case. six years in various parts of Europe; and it would be impossible for her to defend herself from the charges, which in that great period of her life might be brought against her. She had no opportunity of cross-examining the witnesses, unless the prayer of her petition were granted. He begged them to pause before they dishonored the country, by destroying its character for honor and justice. Timber, fit for naval purposes, will be admitted into England and Ireland, free of duty, from the king's colonies in N. America, antil March, 1821. Great destruction among the dogs had taken place at Manchester, in consequence of a number of cases of hydrophobia-up to the latest dates, 231 had been killed. It appears by a letter from Hamburg, quoted in the Paris papers, that the duchess of Albany, widow of the late "pretender," has assumed the stile and title of queen dowager of England. It seems, by the statement of porter brewed by the eleven principal houses in London, to the 5th of July lást, that the quantity is 125,066 bbls. less than the preceding year. But what his lordship said availed nothing. The house refused to do, in respect to the queen, what the meanest person in the realm has a right to demand, and must be furnished with. Stocks. July 28-3 per cent. consols, 69 5-8. American 6's, 1024 a 104. U. States bank shares, 221. 5s. 6d. British ministers. Lord Liverpool, first lord of the We mentioned last week the case of Olivia Ser- Lord Eldon, lord chancellor: (h. of 1.) Cato-street conspiracy. A late English paper well observes-"Ministers were congratulated by their friends at their miraculous escape; and even some of the ministers went to church to offer thanks for the interposition of Providence. This reminds me of a story I heard in Germany, which was, that a man saw his shirt, which was hung out to dry, fall from the window into the street. He was so pious that he immediately went to church, fell on his knees, and thanked God for his narrow escape, alleging, that, had he been in the shirt, he would have fallen with it and have broken his neck!!! This was an escape truly! and I believe our ministers were as far from being assassinated by the assemblage of Cato-street, as the man who happened not be in his shirt when it fell out of the window! Indeed, for many weeks before the wretches were apprehended, ministers were acquainted with their machinations." Viscount Sidmouth, secretary of state for the home department: (h. ofl.) T Viscount Castlereagh, secretary of state for foaffairs: (house of commons.) Earl Bathurst, secretary of state for the colonies and war: (h.ofl.) Right hon. Nicholas Vansittart, chancellor of the exchequer: (b. of c.) Lord Melville, first lord of the admiralty: (h. ofl.) Duke of Wellington, master-general of the ord. nance: (h. of l.) Right hon. George Canning, president of the board of controul: (h. of c.) Right hon. Charles Bathurst, chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster: (h. of c.) Right hon. William Wellesley Pole, master of the mint: (h. of c.) Right hon. Fred. John Robinson, treasurer of the navy and president of the board of trade: (h. of c.) [These, with the earl of Mulgrave, (h. of 1.) form the cabinet.] Marquis of Cholmondeley, Jord steward: (h. of 1.) Marquis of Hartford, lord chamberlain: (h. of 1.) Duke of Montrose, master of the horse: (h. of l.) Viscount Palmerston, secretary of war: (h. of c.) Right hon. Charles Long, paymaster of the forces: (h. of c.) Right hon. Thomas Wallace, vice president of the board of trade: (h. of c.) Earl of Chichester and the marquis of Salisbury, postmasters-general: (h. of 1.) London. When the propriety of some proceedings on the queen's case was to be decided in the common hall by the livery of London, the present loyal mayor so managed it as to have a parcel of soldiers in readiness. Taxed with it boldly, he meanly denied it, and great confusion ensued. The livery Right hon. Wm. Huskisson, first commissioner of ought to have thrown the fellow out of the window. The Trafalgar, of 120 guns, was launched at Chat-the land revenue: (l, of c.) ham, 26th July. In the house of lords, July 24. Lord Erskine said, he had to present a petition on the part of her majesty, which he considers just and reasonable, to the followiug effect:-"CAROLINE REGINA-the queen laments that the house of lords had not thought proper to furnish her with a list of the witnesses to be produced against her. She now acquaints the house that she cannot safely go to trial without being made acquainted with the places where, and the periods at which criminal acts are charged against her. These she prays to be furnished to her attorney-general, and to be heard by her counsel in favor of this petition." He Sir Hildebrand Oakes, lieut. general of the ord nance. Sir Robert Gifford, attorney general: (h. of c.) Ireland. Earl Talbot, lord lieutenant of Ireland: (h. of l.) Right hon. Sir G. Fitzgerald Hill, vice treasurer: (h. of c.) Right hon. Wm. Saurin, attorney-general. Chas. Kendal Bushe, esq. solicitor-general. London, July 9. An official return to an order of the house of commons, states the total amount of bank notes and bank-post bills in circulation, in the week ending the ninth of May last, at 24,339,6301. and in the week ending the 27th of June, 22,933, 1007. It is stated that the king has issued a decree authorizing the friars, of whom there are about 100,000 in Spain, to assume the clerical office, and forbidding any person hereafter from entering into a The new bank note. The preamble of the bill in-noviciate. troduced in the house of commons, for the further Madrid, May 24. A considerable number of prevention of forging and counterfeiting bank Spaniards, refugiated in France, have lately adnotes, furnishes a general description of the new dressed the following letter to the minister of war, note which is about to be issued by the bank of the marquis de Latour Maubourg: England. It recites that, "Excellent Sir--The remembrance of that hospi As well for the prevention thereof, as to facili-tality so nobly exercised towards us by France, and tate the detection of the same, the governor and those consolations she has not ceased to grant us, company of the bank of England have, after great even at the period of her own straits, urges us to consideration, labor and expense, formed a new publish our acknowledgments before we return plan for printing bank notes, in which the ground to our country: praying your excellency to lay this our respectful homage of thanks, before the throne of his most christian majesty, whose paternal solicitude has watched for our existence in the days of work of each bank note will be black or colored, or black and colored line work, and the words 'bank of England' will be placed at the top of each bank note, in white letters upon a black sable, or dark ground, such ground containing white lines intersecting each other, and the numerical sum of each bank note will be printed in black and red register work, and the back of each note will distinctly show the whole contents thereof in a reverse impression.” The exclusive privilege of using this plan of printing notes is given to the bank of England, and the governor and company are further authorized to cause the names of the persons intrusted by the company to sign bank notes in their behalf, to be impressed by machinery upon bank notes, instead of having them subscribed in the hand-writing of such persons respectively. FRANCE. The communication between Paris and Naples is said to be cut off-the ministers of Louis probably feel uneasy at what has happened in the latter. The French army has been augmented by 46,712 July. The king of France has had several interviews with M. Hyde de Neuville, minister to the United States. On the 7th of Feb. a petition was referred by the chamber of deputies at Paris to the minister of the interior, from a certain Peter Huet. This is an old man of more than 113 years of age: he knew Louis XIV. circumnavigated the world with Bougainville, and was at the battle of Fontenoy. His health is now declining, and he is confined to his bed the last three months, and is taken care of by his wife, aged 79. misfortune. In a short time, we shall relate the facts to our fellow-citizens, relations, and friends, who are already informed, by the testimony of prisoners of war, of the virtues of this enlightened generous nation. Happy, indeed, could we contribute to tie the knot that should unite two nations intended for mutual esteem and concord!!! May heaven hear our invoked vows, that this holy political maxim be re-established. Now there are no Pyrenees! In concluding this letter, permit us, excellent sir, to pray you to have it published, with the consent of his most christian majesty; wishing, by every means possible, to do justice to a sacred obligation, that the world may witness the expression of our feelings. This additional favor we pray of your excellency, whose personal worth is well known to many of us." Answer of the pope to Ferdinand the 7th. To our most dear son of Christ, Ferdinand, Catholic king of Spain-Pope Pius the 7th: "Most dear--We have received the letter written to us, on the 23d of last month, by your catholic majesty, in which you inform us that in consideration of the distressed state of your people, and your ardent desire to render them happy, you had yielded to their wishes and sworn to the constitution promulgated by the general and extraordinary cortes of the nation, held in Cadiz in 1812, during your captivity. You have judged rightly of us, most beloved son of Christ, in supposing that we are deeply interested in the tranquility and welfare of those whom Divine Providence has placed under your charge: we trust your majesty will believe that, amidst all our cares, they are objects which principally claim our attention. We have always professed, and still do profess, particular love to your majesty, and have at all times held the Spanish nation in high esteem, as well for its excellent qualities, as more especially for the constancy which it has ever displayed in the observance of the catholic religion; therefore our desires for the tranquility and prosperity of a nation so glorious, are not less ardent than those manifested in your maWe regret to hear that a decree has issued pro-jesty's letter; and it being the great wish of our hibiting the printing of the constitution, except at the national printing house-and that, by another, St. Theresa is set up as the patroness of old and new Spain! In the French chamber of deputies, M. Cuvier, in making some remarks on the state of education, observed that elementary instruction was for the most part given gratuitously, or at small expense. That "one million seventy thousand five hundred children learn at this moment to read and write in the minor schools of France, under the care of 28,000 masters; and that 46,400 youths are admitted into the colleges, each paying a small tax of from 15 to 40 francs to the state." SPAIN. heart that this holy religion should be preserved and extended throughout the dominions of the Spanish monarchy, we hope, in the Father of Mercies, that the renowned Spanish nation, which has The king of has announced it to the cortes that been so faithful to the religion of its fathers, may he had deemed it necessary to secure the persons guard, as its inheritance, in all ages and under all of the sixty-nine individuals who had signed the circumstances, the purity of the faith, the sanctity address to his majesty against the constitutional of customs, and the exact observance of the ecclesystem in 1814, and that they were confined in va-siastical laws. rious convents. And animated by this hope, we bestow on you, most affectionately, beloved son of Christ, and on all your royal-family, our apostolic benediction. Granted in Rome, April 30th, 1820, and 21st year of our pontificate. The following decree bas been issued by the king: the Spanish people, whose happiness has never ceased to be the object of my sincerest wishes. My heart thus indissolubly united with the hearts of my subjects, who are also my children, the future presents to me only agreeable images of confidence, love and prosperity. "With what satisfaction must the grand spectacle be contemplated, hitherto unexampled in history, of a magnanimous nation, which has passed from one political state to another without convulsion or violence, subjecting her enthusiasm to the guidance of reason, under circumstances which have covered with mourning, and inundated with tears, other less fortunate countries! The punishment of whipping, imposed by the laws on certain offences, having been regarded Ly the ablest writers on criminal law, as but little conformable to public decency, and apt to root from the heart those principles of honor, which might lead him again into the path of virtue, even after having been guilty of crime; and such punishment not being necessary, the general and extraordinary cortes considered it as a symbol of barbarism, and "The general attention of Europe is now directed a disgraceful relic of paganism, and, by their de- to the proceedings of the congress which reprecree of the 8th of September, 1813, they abolished sents this highly favored nation. From it are exit throughout the whole of the territory of the pected prudent indulgence for the past, and enlightSpanish monarchy, extending the prohibition to the ened firmness for the future; and that at the moment public houses of correction, to the seminaries of which confirms the happiness of the present and learning, and to the curates of provinces beyond succeeding generations, the errors of the preced; sea, who applied this mode of chastisement to the ing epoch may be buried in oblivion It is also Indians: I, therefore, order the said decree, in its hoped that multiplied examples will be displayed, fullest extent, to be observed in all the Spanish do- of justice, beneficence, and generosity; virtues minions. which always distinguish Spaniards; which the con. stitution recommends; and which, having been religiously observed during the effervescence among the people, ought to be still more strictly practised in the congress of their representatives, invested with the circumspect and tranquil character of legislators. You will so understand it, and give the necessary orders for carrying it into effect. Signed by the king's flourish, in the palace, May 28, 1820. To Don Manuel Garcia Herreros. Meeting of the Cortes in Madrid, July 9, 1820. The extraordinary Gazette of Madrid gives an "It is now time to undertake the examination of interesting account of the proceedings of this me- the state of the nation, and to commence those lamorable epoch in the establishment of the rights of bors indispensable for the application of remedies a great nation. The king proceeded to the hall of suitable to the evils produced by ancient causes, the cortes at ten in the morning, accompanied by and augmented by the invasion of the enemy, and the queen and the infantas. They were received by the erroneous system of the succeeding period. by two grand deputations of the national represen- "The account of the public revenue which the tatives. When his majesty entered all the mem-secretary of state, to whom that department be. bers stood up, as well as the diplomatic corps in the longs, will present, will show its diminution and tribune on the right of the throne. The counsellors embarrassment, and will excite the zeal of the cortes of state, generals and magistrates, occupied the to seek and select, among the resources still posother tribunes; the immense multitude which filled | sessed by the nation, those best suited for meeting the galleries could not restrain themselves, burst- the engagements and indispensable charges of the ing forth into loud acclamations and virus! The state. This enquiry will serve more and more to king took his seat on a magnificent throne, on the confirm the opinion, that it is essential and argent sides of which was displayed the royal insignia. As to establish public credit on the immutable basis soon as the king had seated himself, the queen, the of justice and good faith, and the scrupulous obinfantas, the president of the cortes, and all the de- servance and fulfilment of all engagements which puties, also sat down. After a short pause, the pre-give satisfaction and tranquility to creditors and sident rose, and, with the secretaries, proceeded to capitalists, native and foreign, and relief to the receive the king's oath, which was taken in the treasury. I fulfil one of the most sacred duties manner prescribed by the constitution. The pre-which the royal dignity and the love of my people sident, don John Espiga, archbishop elect of Seville, impose on me, in earnestly recommending this im then addressed the king, who immediately after-portant object to the serious consideration of the wards read the following speech: "Gentlemen deputies, "At length has arrived the day, the object of my ardent wishes, on which I see myself surrounded by the representatives of the heroic and generous Spanish nation, and in which a solemn oath has completely identified my interests and those of my family, with the interests of my people. cortes. “The administration of justice, without which no society can exist, has hitherto depended almost exclusively on the honor and probity of the judges; but now made subject to known and established principles, it affords to the citizens new and stronger grounds of security; and still greater improve ments are to be expected, when our codes, carefully improved, shall attain that simplicity and perfection which the knowledge and experience of the age in which we live are capable of giving.. "When excess of evils produced the clear manifestation of the voice of the nation, formerly obscured by lamentable circumstances which ought to be erased from our memories, I immediately de- "In the interior administration, difficulties are termined to embrace the desired system, and to experienced, which proceed from old abuses, agtake the oath to the political constitution of the gravated during these latter times. The persevermonarchy sanctioned by the general and extraor-ing application of the government, and the zeal dinary cortes in the year 1812. Then did the crown, as well as the nation, receive its legitimate rights; my resolution being no less spontaneous and free than conformable to my own interests and those of with which its agents, and the provincial authorities, labor to establish the simple and beneficent municipal system adopted by the constitution, are lessening the obstacles, and will, in time, perfect department of the state which has an essential fil and bring to perfection this great and salutary influence over the public welfare and prosperity. enterprise, after humbly imploring the aid and guid. "The army and the navy call more particularly ance of the Author of all Good, I require the acfor my attention and solicitude. It will be one of tive co-operation of the cortes, whose zeal, intellimy first cares to promote their organization, and gence, patriotism, and love of my royal person, lead establish them in the manner most convenient for me to hope that they will concur in all the necessathe nation, combining, as far as possible, the advan-ry measures for the attainment of such important tages of forces so important with an economy which ends, thus justifying the confidence of the heroic is indispensable, and relying on the patriotism and nation by which they have been elected." good will of the people and the wisdom of their The president replied:representatives, to whom I shall always have re. course with entire satisfaction. "The cortes had heard with singular satisfaction the wise address in which your majesty has expres sed your noble and generous sentiments, and described the state of the nation. The cortes presents to your majesty its most respectful thanks for the ardent zeal with which you promote the generai prosperity, and promises to co operate with your majesty's intelligence, and to contribute by all pos sible means to the attainment of the important objects for which it has been convoked." "It is to be expected that the re-establishment of the constitutional system, and the flattering prospect which that event presents for the future, may, by removing the pretexts of which malignity has been able to take advantage in the ultra-marine provinces, smooth the path to the pacification of those which are in a state of agitation or disturb. ance, and render unnecessary the employment of any other means. The examples of moderation The ceremonies of this august solemnity being and the love of order given by Peninsular Spain, the just pride belonging to so worthy and generous anation, and the wise laws which are promulgated conformable to the constitution, will contribute to this object, to the oblivion of past evils, and will draw closer all Spaniards around my throne-sacrificing to the love of their common country all the recollections which might break or weaken those fraternal ties by which they ought to be unit ed. ended, their majesties and the infantas withdrew from the cortes with the same retinue with which they had entered; repeated cries of viva el Rey y les Cortes! resounded through the hall, and all returned to the palace. The streets through which the procession passed were lined with the different corps of the garrison of Madrid, and the national militia, both cavalry and infantry. The presence of their majesties and the infantas-the splendor of the retinue-the applause of all classes of persons, enthusiastically exclaiming, Viva el Rey! viva la constitution! viva el Rey constitutional, &c.-and, above all, the recollection of the object of the magnificent ceremony-all concurred to render this day the most glorious to Spanish nation, and to present a spectacle which will be the eternal admiration of future ages. In our relations with foreign countries the most perfect harmony in general prevails, with the exception of some few differences, which, though they have not disturbed the existing peace, have given rise to discussions, which cannot be terminated without the concurrence and intervention of the cortes of the kingdom. Such are the differences pending with the United States of America respect- The tranquility and order which remained in the ing the Floridas, and the marking out the bounda- hall of the cortes, as well as throughout the streets, ries of Louisiana. Contests likewise exist, occa- served to confirm more than ever the good opinion sioned by the occupation of Monte Video, and other that is entertained of the character of the inhabiSpanish possessions on the left bank of the river tants of this capital, who, on the great day of Spain, Plata; but, though a complication of various circum-gave the most convincing proofs of their noble senstances has hitherto prevented the adjustment of timents, their loyalty and love of the king, and their these differences, I hope that the justice and mode-adherence to those constitutional laws in which the ration of the principles which guide our diploma- happiness of all is centred. tic operations, will produce a result suitable to the nation, and conformable to the pacific system, the preservation of which is now the general and decided maxim of European policy. The regency of Algiers has given indications of a wish to renew its old system of restlessness and aggression. To avoid the consequences which may arise from this want of respect of existing stipulations, the defensive treaty, entered into in the year 1816 with the king of the Netherlands, stipulated the union of the respective maritime forces in the Mediterranean, destined to maintain and secure the freedom of navigation and commerce. The sitting of the cortes was continued after his majesty's departure; and on the proposition of the deputy count de Toreno, a committee was appointed to draw up an address in answer to his majesty's speech; and for this purpose were elected the deputies count de Toreno, Torrero, Martinez de la Rossa, Tapia, Temes, and general Quiroga. With this, the solemn acts of the opening of the cortes concluded. ITALY. on the birth of a baby called a prince. A famous chief of a band of robbers, on the confines of Naples and the Roman states, has recently been slain; 500 dollars were given for his head. Jerome Bonaparte has bought the Pasti palace at Trieste for 105,000 florins. The son of the widow of Murat has asked permission to emigrate to the U. "Thus, as it is the duty of the cortes to consoli-S. and been refused! A great fuss is made at Turin date general happiness through the medium of wise and just laws, and thereby to protect religion, the rights of the crown, and of the citizens; so also it belongs to my office to watch over the execution A letter from Paris says accounts have been reand fulfilment of those laws, and especially of the fundamental law of the monarchy, in which the ceived from Milan, of the 13th of July, which speak hopes and wishes of the Spanish people are cen- of a gathering storm in that part of Italy. Several tred. This will be my most grateful and most con-arrests have recently been made, and the Austrian stant duty. To the establishment, and to the en- government have had information of a secret societire and inviolable preservation of the constitution, ty, composed of nearly 200 officers, who served unthe power which that constitution grants to the der Bonaparte, and the greater part of whom are royal authority will be devoted, and in that will al- now living in Piedmont. The Austrian resident, at so consist my duty, my delight and glory. To ful-Sesto Callenda, has been instructed to allow no |