"In fulfilment of the engagements which I contracted by the treaty of quadruple alliance, I have afforded to the queen of Spain the co-operation of a part of my naval force, and I continue to look with unabated solicitude to the restoration of that internal peace in Spain, which was one of the main objects of the quadruple treaty, and which is so essential to the interests of all Europe. The "I am happy to be able to inform you that my endeavors to remove the misunderstanding which had arisen between France and the United States have been crowned with complete success. good offices which for that purpose I tendered to the two governments were accepted by both in the most frank and conciliatory spirit, and the relations of friendship have been re-established between them in a manner satisfactory and honorable to both parties. "I trust that this circumstance will tend to draw still closer the ties which connect this country with two great and friendly nations. "I have regarded with interest your deliberations consider the state of the dioceses of England and upon the reports of the commission appointed to Wales, and I have cheerfully given my assent to the measures which have been presented to me for carrying into effect some of their most important recommendations. "It is with no ordinary satisfaction that I have learned that you have with great labor brought to maturity enactments upon the difficult subject of tithes of England and Wales, which will, I trust, prove in their operation equitable to all the interests concerned, and generally beneficial in their results. the subject at the last session, to enlighten the pub- sion which is now about to be closed, taken into "The assurances of friendly dispositions which I lic mind, both at the south and north, in relation to consideration many of the subjects recommended receive from all foreign powers enable me to conit, yet in conceding the right to abolish slavery in to their attention by your majesty's most gracious gratulate you upon the prospect that peace will the District and territory, and establishing the prin- speech from the throne at its commencement. continue undisturbed. ciple that congress was bound by the constitution, The commons have passed a measure for the com- "I lament deeply that the internal state of Spain to receive abolition petitions, every thing had been mutation of tithes in England and Wales, after long still renders that country the only exception to the yielded to the incendiaries, for which they could and anxious deliberation. It is a question beset general tranquillity of Europe, and I regret that have hoped. He saw in these concessions, the with many difficulties; but your majesty's com- the hopes which have been entertained of the tercause of increased activity and exertion on their mons have grappled with them, and have passed an mination of the civil war have not hitherto been repart, and danger on our. As yet, the enlightened act in which the rights of property have been care-alized. of all parties at the north with little exception were fully respected, and due caution has been taken to sound; but with the ample means possessed by the protect those rights with sufficient safe guards. It abolitionist-ample funds-complete organization is a measure calculated to remove all cases of disan energetic press-the young, the thoughtless and sention between pastors and their flocks, and to the enthusiastic would receive the poison. The give security and certainty to the income of the whole section, if nothing should be done to arrest clergy, as well as to afford free scope and encouthe progress of the disease, must become infected, ragement to agricultural skill and labor. Even if when consequences such as all must deplore, it shall hereafter be found that particular provisions would follow. Mr. C. stated also, as his impres- in the act require revision and alteration, still your sion, that we had nothing to hope from the north; majesty's commons entertain a confident hope and that nothing effectual would be done there to arrest belief that this measure is based on principles the danger; and that we must look to ourselves. which will ultimately be found satisfactory and beFortunately, he said, the constitution left ample neficial. In entering on the examination of the means in our hands to protect ourselves, as has reports of the commissioners appointed to inquire been fully shewn, during the session. All that we into the state of the established church in England wanted, were union and concert, and spirit to apply and Wales, your majesty's commons have proceedthem; and, in his opinion, the sooner applied the ed with that respect which was due to the high aubetter, both for ourselves and the nation. He con- thority from which these reports emanated, and cluded this part of his remarks by saying, that the with that cautious feeling which was so necessary situation of the slaveholding states was new and when changes and alterations were about to be extraordinary; that they were exposed to dangers of made in those ancient institutions which have so unexampled magnitude; but great and novel as long commanded the reverence and respect of a they were, our means of meeting and overcoming large portion of your majesty's subjects. The act them were ample, provided we should prove to which your majesty's commons have passed with have the sagacity of seeing in time, the danger, reference to this subject, by providing for a more with the remedy, and spirit to make the applica- equal distribution of episcopal duties and revenues, tion. He said the destiny that awaits us is no or- is most materially calculated to weaken, if it do dinary one. If we successfully meet the perils that not wholly remove, the motives for the translation surround us, we would be among the first and of bishops, and by recognizing the principle and greatest people of modern times; but if not, our lot earnestly keeping in the mind the due proportion would be worse than that of the savages we have and balance between the amount of duties to be driven out, or the slaves we command." performed, and the extent of emolument to be reMr. C. resumed his remarks on the present pros-ceived. Your majesty's commons believe that the perity of the country. I foresee, said he, in the measure will add to the efficiency and usefulness of midst of this prosperity, a danger of no small mag- the church, and will tend to strengthen its hold on nitude, symptoms of which I fear are already visi- the affections of the people. While your majesty's ble. If we be not on our guard, the love of gain commons have accordingly passed two acts-one will overspread the land to the absorption of every which makes considerable alteration with respect other passion and feeling. In the eager pursuit of to the celebration of marriages; while the other wealth, we are in danger of forgetting the struggle provides for a more complete registration of births, by which our prosperity was won, as well as the deaths and marriages all classes of your majesty's principles on which it rests; and of forgetting al- subjects, must feel deeply interested in the sucinost that there is a government in existence, on cessful operation of these measures, which bear so whose movements our destiny so much depends. strongly on the various relations of domestic life, I rejoice to see the spirit of industry, activity and and on the safe transmission of property. The pro"It has been to me a source of the most lively enterprize now awake in the land. We of the visions of these acts have been framed in a liberal south have had, heretofore, too little of this spirit. spirit, with an ardent desire to remove just causes gratification to observe the tranquillity which has I shall say nothing to repress it when within proper of complaint, and with the hope of rendering the prevailed, and the diminution of crimes which has hounds. His object was to warn against its ex-law generally acceptable, by making it equal and lately taken place, in Ireland. I trust that persevercess, to the neglect of higher objects than the mere impartial, and manifesting a becoming respect for ance in a just and impartial system of government acquisition of wealth. In the spirit in which he the feelings and conscientious opinions of those will encourage this good disposition, and enable made these remarks, he would offer the following who dissent from forms of the established church. that country to develope her great national resourIt has been highly gratifying to your majesty's The people of the south-May they not forget in commons, that such is the prosperous and flourish"Gentlemen of the house of commons: I thank you the midst of their ardent pursuit of gain, that virtue, ing state of the public revenue, that while they for the liberality with which you have voted, not patriotism, honor and intelligence, and not wealth, have provided with liberality for the ordinary ex- only the ordinary supplies of the year, but the adare the only certain and durable foundation of na-penses of the public service and also for some ex-ditional sums required to provide for an increase in tional prosperity and greatness. traordinary exigencies which circumstances render my naval force. "I am also gratified to perceive that you have necessary, in order to meet engagements formerly PROROGATION OF PARLIAMENT. contracted for the most generous and honorable made provision for the full amount of the compenHouse of lords, Saturday, Aug. 20. purposes, your majesty's commons have yet been sation awarded to the owners of slaves in my coloThis day parliament was prorogued with the able to make a considerable remission of taxation. nial possessions, and that the obligations entered usual formalities by his majesty in person. The In the settlement of duties to be regulated and into by the legislature have thus been strictly fulmuster of female beauty of fashion was more than taxes to be removed, your majesty's commons have ordinarily numerous. The attendance of peers taken care that the relief should be so applied as to "The increased productiveness of the public was rather scanty. The members of the corps di-give the greatest aid in cases where there was the revenue has enabled you to meet those charges, plomatique filled completely, and indeed somewhat most unequal pressure, or where the enforcement and at the same time to repeal or reduce taxes, of inconveniently, the space set apart for their recep- of the existing law was found to be vexatious. By which some were injurious in their effects upon my tion. The body of the house presented a very ani- the equalization of the duties on sugar, the benig-people, and others unequal in their pressure upon mated and interesting scene. The coup d'eil from nant influence of an enlightened legislation will be various parts of my dominions abroad. the gallery was extremely beautiful. felt by some of the inhabitants of your majesty's "The present condition of manufactures and Soon after 12 o'clock the lord chancellor took most distant possessions. I have now only to pre-commerce affords a subject of congratulation, prothe woolsack. sent to your majesty the two last bills of supply-vided the activity which prevails be guarded by that the one for applying the sum of £4,000,000 out of caution and prudence which experience has proved the consolidated fund to the service of the year to be necessary to stable prosperity. 1836, the other for raising the sum of £14,007,950 "My lords and gentlemen: The advanced period by exchequer bills for the service of the year of the year, and the length of time during which 1836." you have been engaged in public affairs, must render you desirous of returning to your respective counties. You will there resume those duties which are, in importance, inferior only to your legislative functions; and your influence and example will greatly conduce to the maintenance of tranquillity, the encouragement of industry, and the confirmation of those moral and religious habits and principles which are essential to the well being of every community." sentiment: Prayers were read by the bishop of Bristol. At 20 minutes after 2 his majesty entered the house, attended by the great officers of state. The sword of state was borne by viзcount Melbourne, the cap of maintenance was borne by the earl of Shaftesbury. The royal assent was then given to sundry bills. His majesty then delivered the following most gracious speech: KING'S SPEECH. His majesty having taken his seat on the throne, the gentleman usher of the black rod was directed to command the attendance of the commons forthwith to hear the royal assent given to the number "My lords and gentlemen: The state of the pubof bills, and to witness the prorogation of parlia- lic business enables me at length to relieve you ment. The speaker, in his state robes, accompanied by a large body of members, soon after appeared at the bar, when the right hon. gentleman addressed his majesty in nearly the following words: "Most gracious sovereign: Your majesty's faithful commons have, during the progress of the ses from further attendance in parliament; and in ter- and for marriages in England has afforded me much ces. filled. The lord chancellor then, in the usual form, declared it to be his majesty's will and pleasure that the parliament should stand prorogued to Thursday, the 20th of October next. It is said that the bodies of the right rev. bishop FOREIGN CHRONICLE. was in an erect position, with its roots fixed several The Baltic trade. The Russian government has feet deep in the soil below. The trunk is about 36 White and Robert Morris, the financier, now repose published an ukase by which foreign ships proceeding inches in diameter. It is intended to be sent to the in the same vault in Christ church burial ground. Beets and banking in New Jersey. Notice is given from one part of the Russian provinces on the Baltic gallery of natural history at the garden of plants. to another part of the same province to complete or A sloop of war named the Triomphante, construct-in the Paterson Intelligencer that "an application will trade in their cargoes, shall be free from the double na-ed upon a new plan, is at this moment being got ready be made to the legislature of this state, at their next vigation duty imposed for the benefit of the treasury and custom house officers, and shall pay duty only in the first port in which they enter, like ships with a cargo. Rail road iron. Bills have passed parliament this season for 1,100 miles of rail roads, which will require a total of 290,000 tons of iron, to be supplied within the next four years. When this is taken in conjunction with the demands for rail road iron from the U. States, it is obvious we shall have to be thrown upon our own resources, and commence the manufacture at our own works. We think we have iron of quality as good as any in England. Sir Frederick Adam has resigned the government of Madrass. The following announcement may possibly be interesting to somebody. Married at Torgul, on the bank of the Ghutaprabha river, on the 7th of March, the young rajah of Akulcote, to the daughter of Luxoomun Rao Sinday of Torgul. Mr. Drisbrow's plan of boring for water has been adopted, it seems in Calcutta. In one boring, at the fort, the rods had been carried to the depth of 120 feet, and the water had risen to within fourteen feet of the surface. A similar experiment was in progress at Delhi. A steamboat called the Banian is plying between Calcutta and Singapore, Penang, Malacca, and other places near the straits of Malacca. session, to incorporate a company for the purpose of for the sea at Cherbourg. Her guns are arranged in the Jews. It appears by the calculation of a Spanish writer that the annual produce of the English coal mines, is 18 millions of tons bringing a revenue of 450,000,000 of francs while the gold and silver mines of America yield but 220 millions leaving for the coal a difference of more than double. Color of flowers. It is said in the last number of the Scientific Tracts, that out of 435 species of plants and flowering shrubs indigenuous to our soils, in New England, including nearly all the most common species, bearing conspicuous flowers, 180 species bear white flowers, and 117 yellow. Only 90 are red, and 48 blue; and of the former, only about three or four bear proper scarlet, or brilliant red flowers; and there are said to be none native in England. In the above colorless), and inconspicuous flowering plants had estimate, the green, (or, in the language of botanists, been included, the proportion of showy flowers would appear much more inconsiderable, Bost. Trans. Galloway bey. A young man who bore in Egypt Silk print works. The Philips mills at Lynn, the title of Galloway bey, the second son of Alexan-Mass. have recently been purchased by Henry A. der Galloway, esq. of London, died on the 3d of July, Breed, esq. and thoroughly repaired. A new brick at Alexandria. He had devoted his talents and inbeen erected for the printing of silks and ginghams. dustry in the service of the pacha of Egypt, as his building, 88 by 40 feet and five stories high has also chief engineer, for the last twelve years, and as a re- The goods put up at this establishment are said to surA man named Robertson has been making a bal-ward for these services, two years ago, he received the Many families, chiefly Irish, are already in the emloon ascension from Calcutta. Being the first ever at- above title. He only left England in February last, pass in beauty any thing of the kind in this country. tempted there, it excited immense wonder among the for the purpose of carrying into effect the gigantic ployment of the proprietor, and we learn he is about work of directing the execution of the rail road from forming a company, with a capital of $100,000, for natives, who came in some instances 40 and 50 miles Cairo to Seuz, for which he came to Europe to make the energetic prosecution of this branch of the silk to see it. The public were very eager for another, all the arrangements on behalf of the pachia, with his which Mr. R. professed his willingness to make, pro- father and brothers. His decease was caused by a liver vided he were paid 10,000 rupees in advance. complaint. occasioned by the climate. The rail road will still be carried into effect, and the executing of it will devolve upon the bey's brothers, two of whom are in Alexandría. Lord Auckland is endeavoring to introduce the culture of the cochineal insect into India. The subject of steam communication with Europe appears to excite great interest in every part of British India. Petitions to the British government for measures to promote it were in circulation, and obtaining vast numbers of signatures. Miramichi a free port. We have much satisfaction in being enabled to state that a letter has been received by the last British packet from our persevering and indefatigable provincial agent, H. Bliss, esq. stating that the petition sent from this place, we believe in June last, praying that Miramichi might be made a free port, has been complied with; and that the necessary instructions for carrying the same into effect will be forwarded by the September packet. [Miramichi Gleaner. A Bible that was once the property of Charlemagne, was recently sold at auction in London for £1,500. This extraordinary volume, perhaps the most extraordinary in the world, is entitled in the catalogue "Biblia Sacra Latina ex versione Latina Sancti Hieroymi. Codex membranaceus sæculi VIII, scriptus maru celeberrimi Alcuini et Carolo Magno donatus, die quo coronatus fuit." It is a magnificent folio bound in velvet, the leaves are of vellum, and the writing is in double columns. It contains 449 leaves. Prefixed is a richly ornamented frontispiece in gold and colors. It is enriched with four large paintings exhibiting the state of the art at that early period; there are, moreover, 34 large initial letters, painted in gold and colors, and containing seals, historical allusions, and emblematical devices, besides some smaller painted capitals. This rare book is in fine preservation: it is understood not to contain the disputed passage at the commencement of St. John, and not to contain the passage of St. Luke, "Get thee behind me, satan.” business. Harvard college. The Plymouth (Mass.) Memorial, in noticing the recent centennial celebration at Harvard college, says "Of the class of 1778, there were two present, viz: rev. Dr. Brancroft, of WorThe London Court Journal speaks of the fact, as acester, and rev. Mr. Willis, of Kingston. These, it remarkable aet of condescension, that the duke of is believed, were the oldest classmates who met to Portland worked at the pump to save himself from congratulae each other on the occasion.” sinking in his yacht, off the coast of Norway during a violent storm. DOMESTIC CHRONICLE. White blackberries. The Augusta (Geo.) Courier states that there is a fine patch of white blackberries, growing on the plantation of col. Joseph Taylor, in Anderson district, S. C. The fruit grows on a bush similar to the common blackberry, but it is much sweeter. Bridge over the Ohio. The corner stone of the first bridge ever built over the Ohio, was laid with much parade, and with appropriate ceremonies, at Louisville on the 5th ult. The burnt district in New York. Almost every trace of the frightful conflagration with which New York was visited last winter has been obliterated. A statement is published in the Journal of Commerce, from which it appears that the buildings on 419 lots were consumed, and their present situation is as fol lows: The following states have already prohibited their The Bank of the U. S. have established a branch at banks from issuing any notes under five dollars: New New Brighton, Beaver county, and appointed Wm. H. York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Georgia, Louisiana, [Pittsburgh Her. Indiana, Alabama, New Jersey, Maryland, North CaDenny, late of this city, cashier. Eight hundred and fifty-three buildings have beenrolina, Tennessee, Kentucky and Maine. erected in New York from the 1st of May to the 15th ult. being a period of less than six months. A paragraph is extensively circulated in the papers, in which it is stated that the Salem and Boston Stage Coal. We learn from the New York Journal of company has failed, and that its debts are said to Commerce, that the high price of coal this year has amount to $600,000. The Salem Gazette corrects induced the board of assistant aldermen of New the error by stating that the whole liabilities of the York to appoint a committee for the purpose of in- company are only about $20,000, and that they have quiring into the expediency of petitioning congress to a stock which cost, and which would be worth to the repeal the duty on foreign coal. The price of anthra-company to carry on the business, $45,000. cite coal in New York is $10 per ton. Fire. A very destructive fire occurred at Quebec on the 10th ult. which destroyed ten dwelling houses and six warehouses or stores. The Catholic church A stone coffin was recently discovered in the church in the market square was several time on fire and was yard of Hamel Hempted, on the lid of which is an saved with much difficulty. The total loss is estimatinscription partly effaced by time, yet still sufficiently ed at from $260,000 to $300,000-about half insured. legible to prove it contained the ashes of the celebrated Offa, king of the Mercians, who rebuilt the Abbey of St. Alban's, and died in the eighth century. The tion of tobacco is about to be erected in New Orleans. coffin is very curiously carved, and altogether unique It will be 4,000 feet front 4,000 feet deep, and capable of containing 25,000 hogsheads. of the kind. The porte and Mr. Churchill. The Liverpool correspondent of the New York Express says Value of a dog. The ship Michigan, arrived at 15th ult. would have run into an English brig, but New York from Liverpool, when off Tuskar, on the for the barking of a dog, (the other hands being asleep), which no doubt preserved their lives. Referring to the notice in the London papers of the death of bishop White, and the comparative mediocTobacco. A building for the storage and inspec-rity of his salary, the U. S. Gazette beautifully and yond a monarch's command-his daily income was truly says-"Bishop White enjoyed a revenue bebeyond human computation. If he went forth, age paid him the tribute of affectionate respect, and children 'rose up and called him blessed."" Steamboat explosion. The last "accident" of this kind that we have seen noticed, was on board of the The porte has agreed to make the amende honorable boat Commerce on her upward passage from Louisto Mr. Churchill. The director of the prison at Seu-ville, Ky. She had been running a race with the Paul tari is dismissed; the sultan grants Mr. Churchill an Pry, and stopping at night to land some passengers, indemity of £2,000; the reis effendi grants him and instead of letting off her steam increased it. The his family some exclusive commercial privileges. On consequence was, an explosion of the boiler as soon July 23d, all the English merchants in Constantinople as she got under weigh, by which three persons lost gave au entertainment on this amicable adjustment, and lord Ponsonby attended. Lately, in the coal mines of Anzin, at 1,100 feet below the surface, a fossil palm tree was found. It their lives. The grand jury refused to find a bill against the captain of the steam-ferry boat which ran down the boat gen. Jackson in the harbor of New York. A metal has been recently discovered, that is said to combine all the qualities of real silver, at less than half the price. Mr. Hopkins, acting professor of chemistry at West Point, after various experiments, has certified that it may be used with safety for any purpose to which silver is usually applied in a family. In the three counties of Barnstable, Plymouth and Norfolk, in Massachusetts, embracing nearly the entire territory of the old Plymouth, and a population of more than 100,000 souls, there is not a single licensed retailer of ardent spirits. FIFTH SERIES. No. 6.-VOL. I.] BALTIMORE, OCTOBER 8, 1836. The president of the United States returned to Washington on Saturday last, much improved in health by his visit to Tennessee. THE PAST-THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE. EDITED, PRINTED AND PUBLISHED, BY WILLIAM OGDEN NILES, AT $5 PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. This decision will again open the boundary ques- ARKANSAS. The legislature of the new state of We present returns of the election which Arkansas assembled on the 12th ult. S. C. ROANE took place in Maryland on Monday last; from which was elected president of the senate, and JOHN it will be seen that the whigs have elected sixty, WILSON was chosen speaker of the house of repreand the friends of Mr. Van Buren nineteen members sentatives. On the first day of the session, a bill of the house of delegates. This result is considered was introduced in the house (twice read and referan expression of the opinion of the people of Mary-red to a committee) to provide for the election of land in reference to the conduct of the nineteen re- electors of president and vice president: The vote cusant members, and is claimed as a triumph by for governor was ascertained, and was as follows: both parties to the question. The contest was con- for JAMES S. CONWAY, 5.338; for ABSALOM Fowducted with much spirit, and the result may be LER, 3,222. considered a fair criterion of the strength of parties BANK OF THE U. STATES. Cornelius W. Lawin those counties where they were arrayed in opposition. In Frederick the Van Buren delegate tick-rence of N. York, Henry D. Gilpin of Philadelphia, et was withdrawn on the ground that, as it had been and John White of Baltimore, commissioners apdetermined to hold a convention in Annapolis on pointed by the secretary of the treasury to arrange the 3d Monday of the ensuing month, to make pro- the affairs of the government with the bank of the visional arrangements for the continuance of the go- United States, after sitting for some days in Philavernment, until the old constitution is amended or delphia with a committee on the part of the bank, a new government instituted, it was not necessary have adjourned for a short time. The business, to elect delegates to the assembly. What effect thus far, "has been conducted with the kindest feelthis decision of the people will have upon the re-ings on both sides." The National Gazette says "the bank is ready to cusants cannot yet be ascertained; it is, however, stated that John S. Sellman, esq. of Anne Arundel, account with government for its stock at the rate one of the number, regarding the late election in of $111 47 for each share-the periods of payment, his county as an instruction from his constituents, as in the case of the other stockholders, to be reguhas entered the college and qualified as an elector-lated by the gradual winding up of the affairs of the thus making twenty-two members now in session. institution." SURPLUS REVENUE. Treasury department, 6th DEATH OF MR. GOLDSBOROUGH. The hon. Robert H. Goldsborough, one of the representatives of October, 1836. In compliance with the resolution the state of Maryland in the senate of the United of the senate of the United States, passed July 1st, States, died at his residence, near Easton, on Wed- 1836, directing that "during the ensuing recess of nesday last. The distinguished virtues of the de-congress the secretary of the treasury cause to be ceased had endeared him to a large circle of friends, and his talents, acquirements and experience rendered him a valuable representative of his native state, which had for the second time placed him in the senate of the United States. It cannot be otherwise than gratifying to the friends of the administration to see this department, which has been the occasion of so many unmerited [Globe. charges, placed on such elevated ground. It promises an honorable close to the glorious administra tion of Andrew Jackson. According to a statement in the "Globe" of Wednesday last, fifty-two fines have been imposed upon mail contractors for failures in their contracts during the last quarter. These fines vary from two dollars to four hundred and ninety-three, and were imposed for various delinquencies-such as failure in the time of delivery-failures of a dayomissions of Sunday mails in some instances-delivery of wet mails-sending bags of newspapers posed is thus stated: by the wrong coaches, &c. The heaviest fine im Four hundred and ninety-three dollars and fifty cents, the amount of fare (ten dollars and fifty cents each) for forty-seven passengers from Wheeling to Cincinnati, to be deducted from the pay of J. A. 1,465; it having been proved that the said passenBryan & Co. contractors on routes No. 1,451 and gers were seen in the mail stage on return trips, within the first and second quarters of 1836, in violation of the contract of said Bryan & Co. THE LATE TREASURY CIRCULAR. The late treasury circular has caused great complaint in the The "Globe" speaking of the postmaster general's determination to punish delinquents saysThere have lately been many shameful failures on published at the commencement of each month a the southern line, which will be followed up with statement of the amount of money in the treasury daily fines; and if they do not put an end to them, subject to draft, and also the amount standing to he will annul the contracts and try new men.the credit of disbursing officers," the undersigned There is now no excuse for failures, and they are hereby gives public notice that "the amount of undoubtedly caused chiefly by overloading the mail money in the treasury subject to draft," as shown stages with passengers. Contractors must think GEN. GAINES' letter to the governor of Tennes- by the running account of the treasurer, was, on more of their obligations to the department. see, justifying his call upon that functionary for the 1st instant $11,283,654 98; and "the amount troops to aid in the defence of the western frontier, standing to the credit of disbursing officers," is published in the present sheet. It is a curious as shown by the latest returns received, was document, and will be quoted as another evidence $5,326,476 79. that "passive obedience" is not always found among those who teach it. The authority under which The coinage of gold commencthe general acted is clearly established-but he has overlooked the fact that the government only differed ed in 1795, and from that period till 1833, as we from him on the question of expediency, and justly decided that treaty obligations ought not to be vio-learn from the "Globe," there were struck, 132,592 lated on grounds of mere conjecture. Precaution eagles, 2,069,863 half eagles, and 141,562 quarter equal in value to about twelve millions of dollars, is the parent of safety-but the power to punish eagles, amounting to 2,344,127 pieces of gold, and Even if the govern-(to be precise, 11,965,715 dollars.) ment had committed itself in its instructions to gen. Gaines, the manner in which it redeemed itself was full of dignity and self-respect. sometimes invites aggressions MILITARY COURT MARTIAL. The Georgetown Metropolitan states that the president has ordered a court of inquiry, to consist of major general Macomb as president; brigadier generals Brady and Atkinson, members; and captain Samuel Cooper, as judge, advocate and recorder; to be held at Frederick, Maryland, as soon as the state of the service will permit; of which the president of the board will be the judge, to investigate the causes of the failure of the campaign in Florida under general Scott and general Gaines, and of the delay in prosecuting the campaign against the Creek Indians in Alabama. THE FRENCH MINISTRY. By our abstract of foreign news, it will be seen that M. Thiers has retired from the French ministry, which, it is said, has been dissolved, in consequence of the conflicting views of the king and his ministers as to the policy of a forcible intervention in the affairs of Spain. LEVI WOODBURY, secretary of the treasury. GOLD COINAGE. west, and is bitterly denounced as the source of much embarrassment. From the following it may be inferred that it is intended to modify or rescind some of its requisitions. From the Louisville (Ky.) Advertiser. It is reported, on what we believe to be good authority, that some of gen. Jackson's political friends directly, strongly expressing their settled conviction that the late treasury order, unless speedily rehave addressed letters to him, either directly or in The coinage of silver commenced also in 1796, scinded, will produce the most disastrous conseand up to 1835, the number and value of the seve-quences throughout the whole western country.— We know that many of the general's leading friends ral pieces coined were as follows: disapprove the circular, and anticipate from its opeNumber of pieces. 1,439,517 $1,439,517 00 ration the very worst results, not only to the people Whole dollars, 77,721,973 38,760,986 50 in general, but to their party in particular, and we 1,241,907 25 can therefore the more readily believe that they are 1,063,010 10 making a strong and concerted effort to procure its 551,151 05 repeal. Half do Dimes, Quarter do Total, The Buffalo Journal of the 1st inst. contains the following paragraph in relation to the subject. New treasury order. We learn from a gentleman of respectability, a Jackson man, who arrived in Copper. Of this coin there have been struck in this city from Chicago this morning, that an order cents and half cents, 75,244,515 pieces, equal in had emanated from the treasury department at value to $717,238 53. This has been great work Washington, making certain safety fund notes of to the mint, and great expense to the United States; this state equivalent to specie, in the payment fof for the copper has to be purchased as well as coin-lands in some of the land offices in Illinois and Ined, and all with little or no advantage to the public. diana. MICHIGAN. The editor of the New York "Courier and Enquirer" has received a letter from Detroit, dated on the 28th ult. which states that the This amount is rapidly increasing, and will confinal vote had been taken in the convention, in session at Ann Arbor, on the proposition to admit tinue to increase, for some months, before arrangeMichigan into the union on the condition that she ments can be perfected for its judicious expendiwill assent to the boundary line fixed by the act of ture. Indeed, so unexpectedly rapid has been the VOL. LI-SIG. 6. MEXICO AND TEXAS. Advices from Matamoras to the 27th August state that, on the 20th, gen. Texians and Americans, grounded on the supposiURREA issued a violent proclamation against the tion that the United States government had acknowledged the independence of Texas, and sent troops to its assistance. A few days subsequently, having learned the falsity of these rumors, he endeavored to call in the proclamations. The MexiMessrs. TEAL and CARNES, the Texian can army at Matamoras consisted of about 3,500 men. commissioners, were still in close confinement. and west, to the amount of about two millions; and the capital invested and employed by our forwarding in lake and canal navigation, is estimated to amount to nearly or quite three millions of dollars. [N. Y. Daily Ad. THE U. S. SCHOONER DOLPHIN. This little MINISTER TO FRANCE. We learn from the SHOCKING RAIL ROAD ACCIDENT. The follow-be quite as much from 1835 to 1836. Advances "Globe" that the hon. Lewis Cass resigned his coming account of a most painful accident on the Co- were made here last year on property passing east mission as secretary of war on Tuesday last, and lumbia rail road, was left at our office by a friend, left Washington for New York preparatory to his who, it will be seen, was a witness of the painful departure for Europe,-for which he will sail on scene which he describes. the 16th instant in the packet ship Quebec. The "Fairview, Sunday, about 3 o'clock. National Intelligencer, in noticing the departure of "This afternoon, as the train for Lancaster was Mr. Cass, says-We should do injustice to our feel- approaching Fairview, the axle of the forward car, ings, and we are sure, to the general sentiment of or car next to the baggage broke, which immediatethis city, in which governor CAss has so long resid-ly precipitated the body of the car upon the railed, if we did not say, that he carries with him the way, the fragments of the axle ripping up the botgood wishes of all who have enjoyed an opportuni-tom of the car in which was a Mr. Gibson of Philaty of appreciating his estimable personal character, delphia, bound to Cincinnati with his wife and and that of his most amiable family. children. His wife and child fell through and nearMr. Van Ransselaer, of New York, having, from ly the whole train passed over her body. I cannot urgent family reasons, declined the appointment of picture to you the heart rending scene that ensued secretary of legation, for which he was confirmed by when Mr. Gibson was called to the spot where his the senate, that place has been given to Charles E. wife lay a mangled corpse, with the child, about 18 Anderson, esq. of New York, who, from a long re-months old, by her side, covered with the blood of sidence in France, is said to be well qualified to its dead mother. The top of her head was cut off, discharge the duties of the situation. and the brains lay on both sides the rail; the body, The attorney general, the hon. B. F. Butler, will feet, arms and legs broken to atoms. Heavens! perform the duties of the department, as acting se- what a sight! the distracted man tenderly dragging cretary of war until the close of the present admi- from the spot the remains of his Julia,' calling upnistration. He is at present absent from Washing on her in frantic exclamations, but she could only ton, but is expected to return about the 15th inst. answer by an expiring look of agony. He next In the meantime the department will be in charge picked up his babe, and believing it too was dead, of C. A. Harris, esq. the commissioner of Indian ran around among the crowd imploring assistance, when it was impossible to afford him the least consolation. The child was miraculously preserved. I was next called to witness another scene which beggars description. affairs. VERMONT. Since our publication of the result of the congressional election in Vermont, we have seen it stated that Mr. Everett was not elected.— The Claremont (N. H.) Eagle states, on the authority of a letter from Woodstock, (Vt.) that Mr. Everett is re-elected to congress, by a majority of from 10 to 50 votes. All the towns in the district have been heard from, giving Mr. Everett a clear majority of about 200 votes over Partridge and Flint, which was reduced to between 40 and 50 by about 150 scattering votes. FORTIFICATIONS IN THE HARBOR OF NEW YORK. From the following, which we find in the New York Commercial, it would appear that the fortifications in the harbor of New York are neither prepared to welcome a friend or repel an enemy. Division orders. The salute. It is now established as a fact, by two experiments, that forts are not of much use, except perhaps in the way of passive resistance, unless they be provided with inen and cannon. The principal use of the fortifications in our harbor, for some years past, has been to return salutes when vessels of war came into our waters, but at present they are not equal even to this exertion, thanks to the Creeks and Seminoles, who have called away all the troops, and to the poverty of the war department, which has made necessary the removal of the guns to be used at other positions. Twice has the duty of saluting devolved upon general MORTON and his division; and we are hapby to say that in both instances it has been performed with a degree of spirit-we may say heroism-worthy of the gallant troops and their veteran commander. The promptitude of the service has not, indeed, been remarkable, but this could not be helped, we suppose, the general not being informed in season that a salute was intended. Hereafter we hope that some better arrangement will be made to give the division reasonable notice when their services will be required. The following order was promulgated this morning through some of the papers: First division New York state artillery. Division orders, New York, October 3, 1836. His Britannic majesty's frigate Belvidere, captain Burroughs Strong, arrived in our harbor, and fired a salute at the Narrows, and also one on coming up to the city. Of the intention of firing the latter salute, the major general was not apprised. These national courtesies are gratefully received, and are with pleasure reciprocated. The salute of the frigate will be returned to-day, and general Sanford will order a detachment from his brigade to fire a national salute from the battery, at noon, and will direct the city flag to be displayed at the same time. By order of major general Morton: S. D. JACKSON, division inspector. gem of a vessel is now lying at her ease opposite the battery, preparatory to her sailing for the coast of Africa in a day or two. We went aboard on Saturday to take a view of her. The commander, W. E. McKenney, esq. the lieutenant, Mr. Ogden, and her surgeon, doctor J. Vaughan Smith were aboard. With the characteristic politeness of our gallant navy, we were shown every curious thing about this craft. She is perfectly new, carries ten 24-pounders, and looks wicked enough for any species of mischief with her raking masts and biting broadside. She is to be manned with 92 men, and the economy with which every bit of room between decks is appropriated is not the least novel part of her construction. She is about 200 tons, strongly built, and intended to go through the water like a racer of the first blood. This craft is intended to look after the pirates and slave traders on the coast of Africa, in the neighborhood of Liberia, Monrovia and Sierra Leone. We wish her much success. [N. Y. Herald. THE CHANGES IN THE BED OF THE LOWER "A black man, who had vainly attempted to leap vive. "A gentleman in the forward car had his left arm broken and breast much injured, but it is possible he will recover. "The train was propelled at the rate of fifteen to eighteen miles per hour at the time of the accident, and ran not more than the length of the train, or fifty yards, ere it brought up. "I was with my family in the next car to the one which Mr. Gibson was in, and the fragments over which we passed tore up the bottom without injury to any of its passengers. It was a miracle that we escaped-one of our wheels was spokeless, nothing but the naked rim left to give assurance it ever was a rail road wheel. Even the rails, for a considerable distance, were torn from their fastenings, and some broken." This seems to be one of those accidents against which it is difficult to guard, unless by some new arrangement of the wheels and axles of the cars, or perhaps by a thicker flooring to the cars. It is mentioned to us that the engine and one car In the hope of conveying the wounded towards Since the above was in type we have learned TRADE OF BUFFALO, N. Y. During the year 1825, there were steamboat arrivals at Buffalo 720 Clearances the former, which is so low. The tendency has Louisiana and Mississippi, particularly the delta of been towards the east, probably from the diurnal motion of the sun. By a direct route from Red river, leaving New Orleans 100 miles to east, the Mississippi might reach the Gulf 150 miles nearer than it does. The Grand Gulf Advertiser, from which the above facts are taken, adds: By cutting about ten miles, at an expense not exceeding $50,000, the river between New Orleans and the mouth of Arkansas, which is 160 miles above, may be shortened more than 100 miles. A line of 360 miles, drawn due north from New Orleans, will pass within six miles of Jackson, in this state, and Memphis, in Tennessee. From the latter town it is 720 miles, by water, to New Orleans. Many of the bends alluded to are some dozen or 20 miles around, and only a mile or two, and sometimes only a few rods, across. Thus the editor says: Grand Gulf bend, in which our town is situated, is 9 miles round and 2 across; which gives the advantage of being aware of the approach of steamboats an hour before their arrival here. Palmyra bend ends above the one just named, is 17 miles round, and only a mile across, through which a sluice passes in high water. It is but 16 miles from Grand Gulf to Warrenton by a road passable ten months in the year; yet it is 40 by the course of the river. Vicksburg bend, commencing 4 miles above, and ending 8 below, is 12 round, and but 300 rods across, which was passed over by a ferry boat, in 1828. Warland's bend is 14 miles round, and 50 rods across. The following are some of the cut-offs commencing with the earliest on record. 720 1. About 1699, it is supposed that the Yazoo cut-off took place, and Old River was formed; 1,440 saving miles, 20 2. First Homochitto cut-off in 1720, which 920 saved a distance of 30 miles-previously the 920 river washed the highlands of the present county of Adams; 1,840 During the same time there were arrivals of sloops, Total of arrivals and clearances of steamboats, brigs and sloops, 3,280. The average tonnage of steamboats was 280, which makes an aggregate 403,200 tons. of The average tonnage of brigs, schrs. and sloops, is estimated at SO, which gives an aggregate of 3- Point Coupee cut-off, made in 1721, on the grant of M. de Meuse, where tobacco was then planted by the colonists-saved 4. Great Cut Point. This cut-off is the one above latitude 33, and was made about the year 1747, and shortened the river 5. Second Homochitto cut-off, in 1779. This 147,200 tons. burst through in one night, while a boat, ascending the stream, lay just above it, 550,400 tons. 6. New cut-off, in 1817, The whole number of clearances upon the canal for 1835 was 5,125. Increase from 1834, 1,118. Total The increase from 1834 to 1835, in all kinds of business, was nearly or quite 25 per cent. It will 7. Red river cut-off, in 1831, saved Total extent of these cut-offs, 30 GEOLOGICAL CHANGES IN GREAT BRITAIN. EARLY SNOW. The Catskill and Alleghany city, it appears that in 1830 the population of the That the face of the globe has successively under-mountains are covered with snow. There was city was 61,381, in 1835 it was 75,603, showing an gone total changes, at different remote epochs, it is a fall of snow at Utica, N. Y. on the 25th ult. that increase of 17,222 in five years. According to this now a fact beyond dispute, as also that long ante-covered the ground-and the Charlestown (Va.) rate Boston, in 1840, will contain more than 100,000 rior to the creation of man this world was inhabited Free Press says that the houses and streets of that inhabitants, and in 1860, something like 250,000. by races of animals to which no parallels are now to town were on Tuesday last' clothed with winter's be found; and those animals themselves only made gayest livery. VIRGINIA SLAVES. The Virginia Times saystheir appearance after the lapse of ages during which "We have heard intelligent men estimate the numno warm blooded creatures had any existence. It COLONIZATION. The executive committee of ber of slaves exported from Virginia within the last has been further remarked by zoologists, that the the colonization society of the city of New York, twelve months at 120,000, each slave averaging at animals which first appeared in these latitudes were encouraged by the favorable intelligence received least $600, making an agregate of $72,000,000-of analogous to such as now inhabit tropical regions from their colony at Bassa Cove, in Africa, have the number of slaves exported, not more than oneexclusively; and that it was only at a period imme-resolved to make arrangements for sending another third have been sold, (the others having been cardiately antecedent to the creation of the human race expedition as soon as practicable. ried by their owners who have removed) which that species similar to those of the existing era bewould leave in the state the sum of $24,000,000 gan to appear in northern latitudes. Similar pecuarising from the sale of slaves!" liarities have been also found to mark the vegetation of corresponding periods. It would hardly be credited by persons unacquainted with the evidence on which such facts repose, that in the most dreary and desolate northern regions of the present day, there are found groves of tropical plants, or coniferæ, like the Norfolk and Araueariran pines, of bananas, treeferns, huge cacti and palms; that the marshes were filled with rush like plants, fifteen or twenty feet high, the coverts with ferns like the undergrowth of West Indies. READING TASTE. The direction of the British mind, and the sort of intellectual food it pefers for its digestion, may be in some measure judged of by the following tabular view, in which it will be perceived, what might have been anticipated, that the more solid and substantial commodities among our British kindred, take the precedence of the light and frothy. WOODEN PAVEMENTS. They are now paving the streets of Buffalo, N. Y. with wooden blocks. The delay of the contractor was occasioned by the difficulty he experienced in preparing the wooden blocks with the broad axe and cross-cut saw-which induced him to put in operation a steam saw mill for sawing them, with a guillotine knife for dressing them; all which he has completed, and by their aid can furnish blocks, perfectly dressed and ready to lay down, sufficient for fifty yards of pavement per day. The following description of the wooden pavements in St. Petersburgh, furnished by a correspondent of the New York American, will be found interesting, as giving a good idea of the mode in which they are laid and the manner in which the blocks are fastened or pinned together: HON. ALEXANDER PORTER was tendered a public dinner by the Irishmen of Louisville, Ky. which he was forced to decline. In their note the committee say: "From the high estimate in which are held your worth, talents and patriotism, many citizens other than Irishmen will be present, without regard to politics." And in his reply Mr. Porter makes the following just remarks: The following toast was given by judge WHITE at a dinner lately given to Mr. BELL by a portion of his constituents, at which the judge was present as a guest: "I am extremely grateful, gentlemen, for this mark of attention, and would gladly have enjoyed the gratification of meeting you, did not my immediate departure from this city render it impossible for me to do so. The honor you have conferred on "The streets, like our own, are paved with small me, and the pleasure it has communicated, are round pebbles, and some of the leading ones have a heightened by the information, that this evidence carriage way paved with blocks of wood, very de- of regard comes from men of different politics. In lightful to ride on. These blocks are about eight the high excitement of party, which now pervades Reading taste. The following is a list of the inches diameter, and the same in length; they are the country, no compliment to the motives which number of volumes in the different departments of of pine, and all hexagons. This form is given them have actuated my conduct in public life, could be literature consulted by persons attending the read-as being a greater economy of wood than squares; more acceptable to me. And may I add, gentleing rooms of the British museum for three months the blocks are first sawed to a length, from logs of men, that it augurs well for the duration of our in the year 1835, as delivered in to the committee about nine inches diameter-then they are shaped noble institutions, when in the heat of the civil of the British house of commons:-science 2,713; in a machine which stamps them out several hun-conflicts to which they give rise, men are found, history, 2,167; topography, 1,286; theology, 1,190; dred per hour, by forcing each one endwise through who can distinguish between opinions and motives, poetry and the drama, 1,187; law, 945; reviews, a steel six sided ring, by means of a huge pis- and where our zeal of party, founded on a warm magazines and modern periodical literature, 870; ton, which is placed vertically over the ring, and love of country, can respect and make allowances voyages and novels, 777; classics, 763; biography, is worked by steam power. The experiment, how- for the same feeling in others. It is by the mutual 707; art, 624; romances, novels and annuals, 495; ever, of the wooden pavements has not yet perfectly exercise of this charity that the republic can be antiquities, 481; encyclopædias, dictionaries and succeeded; in the first attempts, the blocks were maintained. grammars, 421; and genealogy, 153; making a to-only supported by the bare ground, well rammed, tal of 15,761 volumes, including in addition, 1,725 but very soon they became uneven, from the unemiscellaneous. qual resistance of the foundation; lately, however, there appears to be a better mode adopted, which is first to lay down thick planks lengthwise, and then stout boards crosswise, covering them with a coat of tar; on this substructure are placed the blocks: I observed that each block has inserted in two sides a small wooden pin, about one inch diameter, and the same in length, and has two holes on two other sides, corresponding with the pins of other blocks, and by which the whole mass is bound together.The mode of repairing said pavement appeared to me to be simple and expeditious. In our wooden country, I think this kind of pavement might succeed well in Broadway, as we have at present no scarcity of excellent hard wood, and can afford to lay them with simply four square blocks, and of twice the length of those above mentioned. I have endeavored to be particular, as I am aware that We believe, however, that all their efforts will your public spirit, and that of your talented sons, prove unavailing. The combination engaged in might have some influence at the court of Gotham, the demoralizing and illegal business of "land steal- and that I might, perhaps, find some of our leading ing," is too extensive and influential, to be reached streets regenerated, which would be decidedly preby ordinary means. The power given to the court ferable to being jolted over their present wretched is not sufficient to bring the numerous offenders to surface, which endangers life and limbs, and tends justice, and that the proposed investigation will be much to the destruction of wheels, springs, and involved in immense difficulties, any one conver-horses' feet." sant with Creek affairs cannot for a moment doubt. CREEK FRAUDS AND CREEK HOSTILITIES. Under our advertising head will be seen the "rules and regulations" of the commissioners appointed by the president of the United States to examine the frauds alleged to have been committed in the sale of the Creek lands, and into the causes of the late hostilities of the Creek Indians. We are pleased to perceive that the commissioners are about to proceed with alacrity to the discharge of the duties assigned to them by the president. From their well established character for business, and as gentlemen of the strictest integrity, we hope that they may be enabled so to discharge the trust reposed in them, as to acquit their own consciences, and to restore confidence in the community. The pres "The constitution-May the people preserve it by exercising the powers reserved to themselves, and by prohibiting all others from the exercise of powers not granted to them." UNEARNED PREMIUMS. It is well known that after the fire of the 16th and 17th of December last, a very large number of unexpired policies of insurance were surrendered to the insolvent companies to be cancelled, in order to facilitate the closing of their affairs, and the distribution of their assets among their creditors. The question however arose, whether the companies were bound to return the whole of the unearned premium, or only a pro rata amount-the same as paid to the other creditors. The vice chancellor has recently decided the question, and we now present his opinion for the benefit of all concerned. [N. Y. Jour. of Com. In chancery. Before the vice chancellor, Sept. 27th, 1836. In the matter of the petition of William W. Campbell, Jonathan Goodhue and others, vs. The Traders' Insurance company in the city of New York. Under existing circumstances, in our humble THE NEW YORK MONEY MARKET. The vice chancellor-"The statute authorises opinion, there is but one kind of court that could sure that has been felt during the last and present receivers to procure outstanding policies to be canavail any thing at all calculated to advance the weeks, is mainly to be ascribed to the large amount celled by refunding to the assured such portion of public welfare, and that would be a committee of withdrawn from circulation by reason of paying the premium as may be considered unearned, and intelligent members of congress, clothed with the in the entire capital of the bank of the state of New the amount thus refunded they are authorised to authority and dignity of the nation, and vested with York, $2,000,000, minus the $200,000 paid in as the most ample powers to compel the attendance deposite, on the applications for stock. The baof witnesses. Such a tribunal as we have descrip- lance of $1,800,000 is to be paid in to-morrow, and ed, might answer a good purpose, but nothing the necessity of providing so large a sum has nashort of an inquisition of the kind could stir up the turally tended to check the ordinary flow of the "charnel house" of corruption and ferret out offend-money current. The bank goes into operation on ers. Tuesday next, and as its issue will be $5,000,000, The truth is, the government has per nitted the important time for the investigation of the frauds to pass by. The alleged causes should have been inquired into, previous to the emigration of the Indians, when they could have had an opportunity of The board of aldermen will take into considerameeting those who had wronged them, and of con- tion, on Monday evening next, the subject of the fronting their oppressors. Had such a course have six million loan, with especial reference to its issue been adopted many who now wear "a stolen live-in such manner as shall bring it withi'a discount ry," and like Cazar's wife, appear "above suspi-line. cion," would this day have been condemned as enemies of the human race. [Montgomery (Ala.) Advertiser [N. Y. Com. INCREASE OF BOSTON. By the official returns of the census just taken of the population of this retain before making any dividend among the creditors. The equity of the statute applies as well where the policy has been surrendered to the officers of the company and cancelled before the appointment of receivers, as after their appointment. And I am of opinion the receivers are bound to return the unearned premium on all policies cancelled, with a view to the winding up of the affairs of the insolvent company, and that such policy holders are not to come in pro rata with creditors for a mere dividend. "Order according to the prayer of the petition, with costs." Cleaveland and Campbell, solicitors for petitioners; G. Winter, for defendants. THE LATE COL. BURR. The editor of the Albany Evening Journal, who has no doubt good authority for his assertion, states that the executors |