CORRESPONDENCE.

THE communications of K. S. Y.-Julius,-J. D.-W. E.-J. Rn.-T. G.Ovid-L. W.-J. T.-M. Rd.-W. Gn.-J. S.-J. T.—Publicola-and M. H. S. are, on various considerations, not designed for insertion in the Universal Magazine.

Many other literary Favours are received, to which all possible attention will be given.

UNIVERSAL MAGAZINE.

No. XXIX.-VOL. V.]

For APRIL, 1806.

[NEW SERIES.

MEMOIRS OF CHARLES LOUIS, ARCH- first importance to the ultimate welfare DUKE OF AUSTRIA, AND GENERAL- of his children, the emperor Leopold, ISSIMO OF THE IMPERIAL ARMIES. no less than the great Catharine of Russia, directed his serious attention to the "WHY should not a Maccabeus and his formation of the minds of his royal off brethren arise to assert the honour of spring. Their establishments were lithe ancient law, and to defend the temple mited by economy; they were instructof their forefathers, with as ardent a ed to respect the various gradations of spirit as can inspire any innovator to society, to receive all ranks of people destroy the monuments of the piety and with affability and condescension; and the glory of former ages? It is not a hazarded assertion, it is a great truth, they were distinguished from the genethat when once things are gone out of rality of the subjects of the empire, thei o dinary course, it is by acts our when in the presence of their common of the ordinary course they can alone be parent, principally by their personal What I say of qualifications. The dress of these princes the German princes, that I say of all the was as singular as the other regulations other dignities, and all the other institu- to which they were subjected. All the tions of the holy Roman empire. If sons wore a long old-fashioned blue they have a mind to destroy themselves, coat, scarlet breeches, black stockthey may put their advocates to silence, ings, and, on their shoes, little round

re-establi hed.

and their advisers to shame."-BURKE en the Conduct of our Domestic Parties with regard to Fren.b Politics, 1793.

buckles.

Under the celebrated professor Bian co, it was that Charles Louis obtained WH HILE the ancient dynasties of Eu- his acknowledged proficiency in the rope, menaced with utter subver- classics of Greek and Rome. At the sion, are daily falling under the ravages of age of fourteen, he was also appointed a power, whose career no efforts have hi- colonel of the oldest imperial regiment therto been able to arrest, the attention of infantry, a regiment whose unfading of mankind becomes naturally fixed on laurels were acquired under the comthose characters, by whose exertions, mand of Prince Charles of Lorrain. the remaining branches of legitimate Summoned, at a moment of uncomauthority may be rescued froin one mon peril, to the assistance of his councommon ruin, by whom the glory of try, the Atcnduke was immediately past ages may yet be restored, and the raised to the rank of first general of cablessings of civil order transmitted and valry: he was soon afterwards appointsecured to posterity. In this class of ed field-marshal of the empire; and he illustrious men, is to be ranked the ex- has lately been invested, by his brother, alted personage who has been selected Francis 2d, with the extraordinary and as the subject of the present biographi- unlimited powers of generalissimo of cal sketeh. Educated in the active du- the imperial armies*. ties of humanity, and disciplined in the pursint of honourable fame, he forms the hope of his affectionate countrymen, and is the adiniration of foreign

nations.

Charles Louis, Archduke of Austria, third son of Leopold, the former einperor of Germany, and brother of Francis 2d, the present hereditary emperor of Austria, was born on the 5th of September, in the year 1771.

Considering the maxims to be im

* Vienna, Feb. 15.-His Royal Highness the Archduke Charles has been appointed to the dignity (rare in our monarchy) of generalissimo of the imperial armies. His imperial majesty has notified this appointment to the Archduke, in the following letter:

bibed by them in early life, as of te and the peace obtained by so many sa

VOL. V.

The detail of the military merits of first Austrian cavalry that broke the this prince, would include little less enemy's lines; and here, the danger to than a history of the two last continent- which he was exposed being intimated al wars against France. Early in the to him by some surrounding officers, he first of these conflicts, the bravery of calmly asked, in reply, "Is not my his mind, the rapidity of his movements, duty superior to my life?" It was this and the ability of his manoeuvres, were undauntedness and presence of mind, all eminently displayed, when. in the coupled with the exemplary discipline course of fifteen days, he marched from that he preserved among his troops, the banks of the Upper Nahe, to those which insured to his arms, throughout of the Upper Lahn, gained two battles, the campaign of 1796, such a succes and drove the French from Wetzlaer to sion of brilliant advantages, of unabat Dusseldorff. At the battle of Amberg, ing triumphs*. in Upper Germany, he was among the

Among the first trophies of this prince, must be reckoned his defeat of erifices, it is of the utmost necessity to general Jourdan, and the siege of Kehl. place the military power of the monar- As he drove Jourdan from the banks of chy in such a state as may be suitable the Lahn, he led the Saxon troops, to the population and the situation of who arrived late on the field, in person, the finances, and so well ordered and to the charge. The siege of Kehl, conregulated as to render it a sure defence ducted by the Archduke, exhibited such of my hereditary states. The first step a series of evolutions, such an extent of towards obtaining this object, I take, skill, as might have imparted informaby placing your Highness at the head tion to the most experienced military of all my arinies, in quality of generalissimo. The knowledge of the troops, should I be compelled to enter into another war, that will be under your orders, will remind those who have already served, of the laurels they have formerly gathered on the field of battle, under your conduct, and inspire the rest with a high confidence in the talents, bravery, and prudence of their commander, which leads most certainly to victory.

commanders. He defended the Necker for a considerable length of time, with forty thousand men, against Moreau, one of the ablest generals of any age or country, at the head of fifty thousand of the enemy.

Neither in the campaign of Suwarroff (1799) in Italy, nor during the contest with Moreau (1800) on the Danube, was the Archduke Charles required to sustain such a part as would entitle his operations to a minute de"With the dignity of generalissimo tail in this place. If, in the advances I commit to you likewise, my dear bro- of the then general Buonaparte, he met ther, the direction of all my armies in repulses more formidable than he had time of peace, in such a manner, that before encountered; let it be considered, you shall be at the head of the council that his forces were essentially diminishof war, and of all the officers appertaining to it. You will receive to-day During an affair of the 24th of Ocmy intentions on this subject in detail, tober, 1796, the Archduke gave or in a letter under my hand, which will ders to the major of the light horse of define your powers, as also those of all Modena, to attack a redoubt situated employed under your orders. I expect amongst some vines. This officer imfrom your comprehensive genius, and mediately charged the French, but, the your indefatigable activity, a statement ground being extremely disadvantageof the plans you propose to form, of ous for cavalry, he was compelled to bringing to perfection the great work I fall back. Charles, who came up in the have confided to you; and I am per- interin, seeing what had transpired, suaded, that the frequent journeys you said to the major, "Sir, you have miswill make, in order to see every thing understood me; I gave you orders to with your own eyes, and the care you take the redoubt." Feeling the full exwill take that your orders are punctually tent of this reproof, the poor major, fulfilled, will perfectly fulfil my inten- with all the force communicated by sentions, and render your work complete. timents of disdain and despair, returned FRANCIS." to the charge. The redoubt was now taken, but himself was sacrificed!

Vienna, Feb. 10, 1806.'