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Q. Did William Penn think a charter from any prince could give a fair title to the land?

A. He did not; and therefore purchased the right of soil from the natives.

Q. In what year did the first colony arrive in Pennsylvania?

A. In 1681.

Q. Was Penn among them?

A. No: he arrived in November, the year following. Q. Did this colony soon become flourishing?

A. William Penn allowed full liberty of conscience, and granted land to settlers on easy terms; and, by this means, the colony soon became the most flourishing of any in America.

Q. When and where did William Penn die?

A. He died at London, in the year 1718, at the advanced age of 75.

Q. When and by whom was Delaware settled?
A. In 1638, by a colony of Swedes and Fins.

Q. What did they call it?

A. New Sweden.

Q. Did Delaware become the property of William Penn?

A. It did.

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Q. When and by whom was it conveyed to him?
A. In 1682, by the Duke of York.

Q. Where was the first settlement made?
A. On Christiana Creek, near Wilmington.
Q. In what part of the state is Wilmington?

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Q. When and by whom was Georgia settled? A. The settlement of Georgia was begun by James Oglethorpe, in 1733.

Q. At what place was the first settlement made?

A. At Savannah.

Q. How is Savannah situated?

Q. What is said of this colony?

A. It was long before this colony became flourishing. owing to the system of government established. In 1752

they surrendered their charter to the king; but it was not until 1763 that the province began to prosper.

Q. Were the early settlers of America inattentive to the interests of literature?

A. They were not: many of them were men of learning, and, next to their religious liberty, they seemed to prize their literary institutions.

Q. When and where was laid the foundation of Harvard University, the oldest seminary of learning in the United States?

A. In 1638, at Newtown, now Cambridge.

Q. Why was Newtown called Cambridge?

A. Out of respect to the University of England, where many of the emigrants were educated.

Q. What duty of parents was early recognized in the colonies?

A. The education of children was considered the indispensable duty of parents and masters.

Q. When was William and Mary College founded in Virginia?

A. In 1693.

Q. When and where was Yale College founded?
A. In 1700, at Saybrook, in Connecticut.

Q. When was it removed to New Haven?

A. Sixteen years after it was founded.

Q. When and where was Dartmouth College established?

A. In 1769, in the town of Hanover, New Hampshire.

Q. What other colleges were established before the revolution?

A. A college was founded in New Jersey, at Princeton, in 1746; another at New Brunswick, in 1770; Columbia College at New York, in 1754; Pennsylvania University at Philadelphia, in 1755; and Brown Uni versity, in Rhode Island, in 1764.

CHAPTER VI.

FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

Q. WHERE had the French made settlements? A. In Canada, Nova Scotia, and in Louisiana, on the Mississippi river.

Q. Did France endeavor to connect these distant possessions?

A. She did.

Q. In what manner?

A. By erecting forts along the Ohio and the lakes. Q. What took place between the Ohio Company and the French traders, in the vicinity of the Ohio river? A. Frequent disputes.

Q. What was the Ohio Company?

A. A company of merchants, from London and Virginia, who had obtained, from the king, a grant of 600,000 acres of land, on and near the Ohio river, for the purpose of carrying on the fur trade with the Indians. Q. What did the French do?

A. Considering the operations of the Ohio Company as encroachments on their rights, they seized some of the traders and imprisoned them at Presque Isle.*

Q. Who, at this time, 1753, was governor of Virginia? A. Robert Dinwiddie.

Q. What did he do?

A. He sent Washington, then a youth of twenty-one years of age, with a letter to St. Pierre, the French commander on the Ohio, demanding the reasons for his hostile conduct.

Q. What was the distance, and how did Washington travel?

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A. The distance was 400 miles, 200 of which w through a wilderness, inhabited by hostile savages. Or. the way, his horse failed: he then proceeded on foot, with but one companion, a musket in his hand, and a pack on his back. He reached the French fort, gave the letter to the commander, and returned in safety.

Q. When did Washington deliver the reply of the French commander to the governor of Virginia? A. In January, 1754.

Q. Was the reply of the French commander satisfactory?

A. It was not.

Q. What was the consequence?

A. A regiment was organized in Virginia, to support the claims of Great Britain.

Q. Who had the command of this regiment?

A. Mr. Fry was appointed colonel, and Washington, lieutenant-colonel; but Mr. Fry soon dying, the command devolved upon Washington.

Q. Whither did Washington proceed with his regi ment?

A. He marched forward to attack Fort Duquesne, now Pittsburg.

Q. Did he march as far as Fort Duquesne?

A. No: before he reached it, he was informed that it had been strongly reinforced; and, therefore, he deemed it prudent to fall back, and make a stand at a fort which he had recently thrown up.

Q. What name had Washington given to the fort?
A. Fort Necessity.*

Q. By whom was he attacked at this place?

A. By De Villiers.

Q. What was the result of the attack?

A. Washington and his men made a brave resistance,

• Fort Necessity was situated in Fayette county, Pennsylvania.

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