mon-school education, and in 1877 came to McKean county, where he worked as a laborer. He then entered a store as clerk, and in 1882 established his present general store. September 26, 1882, he married Miss Edith Vincent, daughter of Hiram and Wealthy Vincent, of Cattaraugus county, N. Y. Mr. Howard is a member of the Republican party, and is one of the representative merchants of Derrick City.

MILES S. HOWE, oil producer, P. O. Foster Brook, was born in Franklin, Venango Co., Penn., October 4, 1850. He received the benefit of an academic education, and has been principally engaged in the oil business. He married, January 29, 1889, Miss Bertha A. Washburn, of New York City. He is a member of Myrtle Lodge, No. 116, F. & A. M., of Franklin, Penn., the Sons of Temperance, the Knights of Labor, and the A. O. U. W., and also the Producers' Association. Mr. Howe is an enthusiastic worker in the Temperance cause, and a supporter of the Prohibition party. His father, Henry F. Howe, who was a native of Perry county, Penn., married Miss Sophia L. Shaw, of Titusville, Penn. He was a carpenter by trade, and built the first derrick erected on Oil creek. He afterward became an extensive producer on Oil creek and at Pit Hole. In 1865 he sold his interests and moved to Yates county, N. Y., where he carried on an extensive farm until 1874. He then moved to Elmira, where he remained until 1882. He furnished two substitutes for the war of the Rebellion. He was a supporter of the Republican and Prohibition parties, and a prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, filling various important offices. He died in 1883; his widow now resides in Florida. Ten children were born to them, eight of whom are living: Lizzie (wife of H. C. Conner), Eva (wife of Dr. R. A. Egbert), T. E., W. C., E. E., J. W., Minnie and Miles S.

CAPTAIN CYRUS E. KNIGHT, druggist, Derrick City, was born in Waterford, Oxford Co., Me., Nov. 22, 1833, and is a son of John and Mary (Bangs) Knight. John Knight was born in Oxford county, Me., and followed farming throughout life. In 1845 he moved into Aroostook county, in the northeastern part of the State, then a dense wilderness, and settled in what is now the town of Presque Isle, where he died. His widow, now aged eightysix years, still resides on the old farm at Presque Isle. Their family consisted of seven children, five of whom are living, viz.: Cyrus E. (our subject), Betsy J. (wife of Jacob Bridges, residing at Presque Isle), Rachel (wife of Almon Bridges, residing at Presque Isle), Mary F. (widow of H. A. Haines, residing at Fort Fairfield, Me.) and Elmira (widow of J. W. Moore, residing in Warren, Penn.). Cyrus E. Knight was reared in Aroostook county, Me., attending the district school in winter, and working on his father's farm during the summer, till he was twenty-one years of age, after which he attended Houlton (Me.) Academy, two years, teaching school during the winter. In 1859 he entered the law office of H. R. Downes, and there remained until August, 1861, when he enlisted in Company F, Fifteenth Regiment (Me.) Volunteer Infantry, in which he served during the war, being mustered out July 3, 1866. In April, 1862, his regiment went to Ship Island with the Butler expedition, and it was also at the taking of New Orleans. Mr. Knight was with the regiment in every engagement in which it participated; was promoted from private to lieutenant, and from that rank to captain. He commanded his company in the battles of Sabine Cross Roads, Pleasant Hill, Cane Crossing and on "The Plains Mansura," in the Red River campaign, and was with Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley in 1864. After Lee's surrender he was ordered to South Carolina, where he remained until July, 1866, the time of his muster out of the service. During his nearly five years' service

Capt. Knight was never absent from his company a day unless by the orders of his commanding officer, nor was he sick, during the entire time, sufficient to cause him to be absent. After leaving the army Capt. Knight returned to Fort Fairfield, Aroostook county, Me., and engaged in the manufacture of lumber for two years. In the summer of 1869 he moved to Titusville, Penn., and here followed the oil business nine years. In 1879 he came to Derrick City, and embarked in his present drug business, in which he has been successful. In 1873 Capt. Knight married Miss L. J. Walker, daughter of Benjamin and Mary Walker, of Exeter, Penobscot Co., Me., and they have two children: Ida Pearl and Allie Eugenia. Capt. Knight is a member of the Masonic fraternity, the A. O. U. W., K. of P. and of the G. A. R., in all of which he is an earnest worker. In politics he is active, and is identified with the Democrat party.

LOUIS LEOPOLD, oil producer, Derrick City, Penn., was born in Germany, January 15, 1845, and immigrated to America with his parents in 1847. He was reared in Erie county, Penn., and received an ordinary education. He has been associated with his brother Ernest in Venango and Clarion counties, and also in producing oil in McKean county. In 1874 he married Miss Caroline Belses, of Venango county, Penn, and they have three children: George L., Farah S. and Annie G. In 1865 he enlisted in Company H, One Hundred and Ninety-eighth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war. He is a Republican in politics, and is a member of Gillmor Post. No. 539, G. A. R.

ERNEST LEOPOLD, oil producer, Derrick City, was born in Erie county, Penn., October 17, 1851. His parents, Jacob and Barbara Leopold, who were natives of Germany, followed farming in Erie county, Penn., where they died. They reared nine children, eight of whom are living: Frederick, in Erie county, Penn.; Louis and H. J., in Derrick City; August, in Custer City, McKean county; Ernest; John and Jacob, in Erie, Penn., and Caroline, wife of John Sheffer, also in Erie county. Ernest Leopold was reared in Erie county, receiving a common-school education, and followed farming until 1869, when he went to Venango county and engaged in drilling wells; he remained there four years, and then went to Clarion county, where he stayed three years. In 1878 he came to McKean county, and has since been engaged in oil producing. In 1873 he married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Stover, of Venango county. She died in 1888, leaving one child, Bertha A. Mr. Leopold then married Miss Eliza, daughter of Daniel Koon, of Pine Valley, N. Y. He is a supporter of the Republican party, and is a member of the K. O. T. M.

G. W. LEROY, merchant, Gillmor, P. O. Derrick City, was born in Jefferson county, N. Y., December 24, 1839, a son of P. S. and Abigail (Carpenter) LeRoy, natives of that county. The father, an ordained minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, died in Oswego county, the mother in Syracuse, N. Y. G. W. LeRoy received a common-school education, and moved to Syracuse when fifteen years of age. For about five years he was engaged in the grocery business at that place, and also in the manufacture of salt. In 1878 he came to McKean county, and for four years was employed by the United Pipe Line Company. In 1882 he established his present business at Gillmor. In 1868 he married Miss Dora M., daughter of Henry Warner, of Syracuse, N. Y., and they have seven children: Libbie, Fred, Kate, Hattie, Ella, Charles and Harris. Mr. LeRoy is a supporter of the Republican party. He is a member of the Knights of Honor and of the Knights of Pythias at Gillmor. is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

His wife

W. L. McCULLOUGH, merchant, Derrick City, was born in Canada,

February 6, 1859. He was reared in Titusville, Penn., and attended the high school of that place. He early entered mercantile business as clerk, and in 1879 came to McKean county, where he clerked at Red Rock and Knapp's creek. In 1886 he established his present business, conducting also a branch store at Red Rock. October 7, 1883, he married Miss Marian, daughter of John Winans of Crawford county, Penn., and they have three children: Gertrude, William Luther and Rose. Mr. McCullough is identified with the Republican party, and is a member of the Knights of the Maccabees. His parents, James and Catherine (Slavein) McCullough, were natives of Philadelphia, Penn. His father was a manufacturer of cotton and woolen goods, but is now retired from business and lives at Red Rock, McKean Co., Penn.

M. MCKAY, merchant, Gillmor, P. O. Derrick City, was born in Monroe county, N. Y., October 31, 1846, a son of Thomas H. and Elizabeth B. (Mead) McKay, natives of Scotland. His father died in Cattaraugus county, N. Y.; his mother now resides at Olean, N. Y. Four of their children are now living: Mart, Thomas H., Louisa B. and E. J. M. McKay, the eldest, was educated at the Olean Academy, and for some years was engaged in mercantile business at Olean. In 1862 he went to Dunkirk, N. Y., where he had charge of a large crockery store for some years. In 1877 he came to McKean county, and has since conducted his present business at Derrick City and Gillmor. He is also interested in oil production. In 1875 he married Miss Adele E. Huntington, of Limestone, N. Y., and they have three children: Lolah E., Harry G. and Homer T. Mr. McKay is a member of the Republican party and of the A. O. U. W.

ROBERT MCMURRAY, SR., oil producer, P. O. Derrick City, was born in Scotland October 5, 1835. His father, James McMurray, was born in Scotland in 1809, and in 1834 he married Ellen Johnston, who was born in 1811. They immigrated to America in 1851. James McMurray, who was a stone mason by trade, located at Dunkirk, N. Y., but only remained there four months, and then came to McKean county, locating on the Ward farm, which he improved, and lived upon several years; thence he removed to Foster Brook, to the present farm of our subject, where he died December 26, 1878. He was a prominent citizen, identified with the Republican party, and a member of the Presbyterian Church. His widow still resides on the homestead. Eleven children were born to their union, nine of whom are living: Robert; John, in Cattaraugus county, N. Y.; Ellen, wife of E. D. Foster, in Foster township, McKean county; Elizabeth, wife of B. F. McClure, in Genesee county, N. Y.; Mary, wife of S. T. Hatfield, in Derrick City; Maggie, wife of S. T. McManus, in Findlay, Ohio; Samuel W. and James C., in Derrick City, and Andrew, in Olean, N. Y. Robert McMurray was educated in Scotland, came to America with his parents, and for several years followed lumbering. In 1876 he leased a half interest in fifty acres of oil property, later purchased the whole interest, and now operates fourteen wells. In 1854 he married Miss Margaret Morrison, a native of Scotland, and they have reared six children: Robert, driller and oil producer, of Derrick City; Andrew, driller, of Bradford: James, producer and driller, of Tarport; Jeanette, at home; Helen, wife of M. W. Kiernan, of Ellicottsville, N. Y.; and Jane, wife of C. S. McKenna, veterinary surgeon, of Mount Morris, N. Y. Mr. McMurray is a Republican, and is now serving as supervisor of Foster township, and is also a member of the school board. He is a member of Union Lodge, No. 334, F. & A. M., of Bradford, Olean Chapter, No. 150, R. A. M., St. John's Commandery, No. 24, K. T., of Olean, N. Y., and is commander of the K. O. T. M., of Derrick City.

S. W. MCMURRAY, oil producer, Derrick City, son of James and Ellen

(Johnston) McMurray, was born at Tarport (now Kendall Creek), McKean Co., Penn., January 21, 1852. He attended the township schools, and Chamberlain Institute, at Randolph, N. Y., and has, since leaving school, been engaged in lumbering and oil producing. In 1884 he married Miss Nora, daughter of Roger McDermont, of Cattaraugus county, N. Y., and they have two children: Roger James and John. Mr. McMurray is a member of Union Lodge, No. 334, F. & A. M., of Bradford Chapter, No. 260, R. A. M., and of Trinity Commandery, No. 58, K. T. Politically, he is identified with the Republican party.

J. C. MCMURRAY, oil producer, Derrick City, son of James and Ellen (Johnston) McMurray, was born in Tarport (now Kendall Creek), McKean Co., Peun., November, 26, 1853. He received a common-school education, for a number of years followed farming, lumbering, etc., and since 1877 has been engaged in producing oil. In June, 1884, he married Miss Annie, daughter of William Smith, of Derrick City, and they have one child, Olive Ellen. Mr. McMurray is identified with the Republican party. He is a member of the Knights of the Maccabees, and of the Bradford Presbyterian Church.

J. K. MITCHELL, of the firm of Mitchell Brothers, merchants and producers, Kendall Creek, was born in Chautauqua county, N. Y., April 1, 1852. His parents, H. G. and Lucy (Kidder) Mitchell, were natives of that county, and for a number of years engaged in farming, the father also operating a grist- and saw-mill. In 1876 they moved to McKean county, Penn., and located at Kendall Creek, where the wife and mother died in June, 1877. H. G. Mitchell engaged in the grocery business, on the present site of the American House, and associated his sons with him, under the firm name of H. G. Mitchell & Sons. Their trade increased from $5 to $500 per day inside of two years. He is a member of the Baptist Church, and an active worker in the Republican party. He was appointed the first postmaster of Kendall Creek, in May, 1876, and served until 1886. In 1887 he moved to Richburgh, N. Y., where he is now engaged in mercantile business. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. H. G. Mitchell: J. K., G. W. and Minnie. Our subject was reared in Chautauqua county, N. Y., and educated at the Jamestown Union School and Collegiate Institute. Since the retirement of his father, he and his brother, G. W., have conducted their general mercantile business under the firm name of Mitchell Brothers. They also operate several oil wells. In 1873 J. K. Mitchell married Miss Cora, daughter of J. C. Smith, formerly of Chautauqua county, N. Y., now a merchant of Kendall Creek, and they have one child, Jeanie. Mr. Mitchell is identified with the Republican party; is a member of Union Lodge, No. 334, F. & A. M., of Bradford, and the E. A. U. He and his family attend the Presbyterian Church.

R. W. MONROE, farmer and oil producer, Sawyer City, is a son of G. W. Monroe, a native of Erie county, N. Y., and Mary (Hutchinson) Monroe, a native of England. About 1840 the father came to McKean county and purchased a farm in Foster township, where he lived until 1885, when he moved to Randolph, N. Y., where he now resides. He is a prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has been class leader and steward for many years. He has three children: H. S., of Prentiss Vale, McKean county; Alvina, wife of Nathaniel Etheridge, of Foster township, and R. W. R. W. Monroe was born on his present farm in McKean county, Penn., April 21, 1854. He was educated at the township schools, also Rochester Commercial College, and has always lived on the farm on which he was born. He also operates four oil wells. In 1881 he married Miss Margaret E., daughter of James Freeman, of Meadville, Penn., and they have two children: Rhoda and Lottie. Mr.

Monroe is a member of Union Lodge, No. 334, F. & A. M., of Bradford, also of the Producers' Association, of Sawyer City. In politics he casts his suffrage with the Republican party.

MOSHER BROTHERS, oil producers, Derrick City. Elijah L. Mosher was born in Wayne county, Penn., October 4, 1854. His parents, James and Elizabeth (Startwart) Mosher, were natives of Putnam county, N. Y., and are now living in Wayne county, Penn. Mr. Mosher married, in 1884, Miss Libbie, daughter of Charles Myers, of Mercer county, Penn., and has two children, Lillie and Rose. He is a member of the Knights of the Maccabees. In politics he votes with the Republican party.

JESSE E. MOSHER was born in Wayne county, Penn., in 1857. In 1882 he married Miss Emma, daughter of Martin Wasson, of Erie county, N. Y. He is a supporter of the Republican party. The Mosher Brothers came to McKean county in 1877, and first began business here by drilling oil wells. In 1881 they commenced to produce oil for themselves, and they now operate thirtyfive wells.

JASPER NEATH, oil producer, Foster Brook, was born in Staffordshire, England, November 17, 1838, a son of Jasper and Mary Ann (Bailey) Neath. His father died in that country, and his mother again married and emigrated to America. Our subject came to America in 1862, but revisited England the same year. In 1866 he returned to America, and went direct to Oil City, Venango Co., Penn., where he procured work as a driller. In 1876 he came to McKean county, locating at his present home in Foster township, and has since been engaged in producing oil, operating sixteen wells. He married, in England, Miss Martha Vaughn, and they have four children: Arthur W. (an oil producer in Foster township, McKean connty), Emeline, Jasper, Jr., and Annie. Mr. Neath and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. W. H. NEILL (deceased) was born in Venango county, Penn., January 13, 1837. His father, Isaac Neill, was a native of Centre county, Penn., and his mother, Mary (McCasline) Neill, was a native of Westmoreland county, Penn. They were farmers, and among the early settlers of Venango county. Mr. Neill received an academic education, and remained at home until the oil excitement, in 1860, when he engaged in drilling for oil and became one of the pioneer oil men of Venango county. May 2, 1879, he began operations on his farm in McKean county, and operated eight wells. In 1866 he married Miss Hannah Newlon, of Clarion county, Penn., and they had two children: Edna and Mattie. Mr. Neill was a supporter of the Democratic party and a member of the Knights of the Maccabees. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Neill died of pneumonia May 16, 1889, after an illness of one week, and his remains were conveyed to Neilltown, the little town where he was born and reared, and were there interred. About two years before his death he became a stanch Prohibitionist, and used every effort in his power during the last campaign to further the success of that party. He held a life insurance policy in the order of the Knights of the Maccabees for $2,000, of which $1,000 was in favor of his wife and $500 in favor of each of his two daughters. The community in which he had lived sincerely mourn the loss of one who was the promoter of all that was true and noble, and his family still more deeply grieve for the kind and indulgent father.

E. E. NORTHRUP, proprietor of machine shops, Rew, was born in St. Lawrence county, N. Y., September 10, 1849. His father, Bushrod Northrup, also a native of that county, married Miss Sarah Darling, a native of Vermont. In 1864 they moved to Venango county, Penn., where the father engaged in refining oil thence went to Butler county, and in 1882 they came to