well & Co., S. & E. G. Eaton, C. Steele and O. R. Bennett. The latter and Sartwell & Co. were also liquor dealers.

No. 1, Volume VI, of the Citizen, was issued September 3, 1859, with L. Rogers editor. At this time E. B. Eldred, W. A. Williams, William A. Nichols, Warren Cowles and John C. Backus were resident attorneys; W. Y. McCoy, J. Darling and S. D. Freeman, physicians; W. K. King, surveyor, and J. K. Haffey; geologist. The hotels advertised were the Bennett House, by D. R. Bennett, and the Eldred Half-way House, on the Olean road.

Villages. Farmers Valley, Coryville and Frisbee may be called synonymous terms. They all form a part of the old settlement of Farmers Valley, of which so much is written in the general history as well as in this chapter. In 1812 Francis King surveyed the fifty-acre tracts donated by John Keating for the following named settlers in Farmers Valley: George, Joseph and Matthias Otto, Robert Gilbert, Jonathan Moore, Zachariah, Thomas and William Ashley.

The old post-office of Farmers Valley dates back to early in the "thirties," when Timothy R. Robbins was master. Thomas Goodwin, Jackson Otto and F. C. Olds have filled the office. The post-office of Coryville was established in 1872 with Asa H. Cory, master, who has been continued in office since.

The Union Church of Farmers Valley was built early in the "fifties" through the exertions of A. J. Otto and Arnold Southwick. Dan Lennox was the carpenter and builder. It has been open to all denominations, but the United Brethren may be said to be the principal worshipers.

The United Brethren Church at Coryville, or Frisbee, was built in 1878-79 on land donated by A. H. Cory. The building cost over $2,000.

The United Brethren Society of Farmers Valley was founded October 19, 1867, with William S. Moore, T. R. Robbins, the Southwicks and John Holmes the elder, as organizers.

The E. A. U. lodge of Farmers Valley was organized in February, 1886, with A. R. Tubbs, Mrs. Otto, J. H. McQuade, Mrs. Tubbs, Mrs. Ellen Otto, J. L. Bean, A. Tyler, F. C. Olds and Dr. R. J. Sharp, officials.

The tide water pump station was established near A. H. Cory's house, but owing to the absence of gas the pumping works were moved to Rixford. On June 19, 1887, a 25,000-barrel tank was burned, 1,000 teams bringing people to witness the fire. The remaining tanks were moved to Ohio in 1888.

Lucius Rogers built the first steam saw, shingle and planing mill in Nunundah Creek valley in 1885. Prior to that time saw-mills run by steam and water-power were common along the banks of this stream, and a few are found to-day using up the remnant of pine and hemlock of the valley and hills.

In 1855-57 a coal oil factory was established up the creek from Smethport. Bordell (Coleville post-office), known in 1879 as the "Banner Frontier Town," was partially burned February 9, 1880, when McCormack's hall and three other buildings were destroyed. In November, thirty-five buildings were reduced to ashes, the Bennett House, the leading hotel, conducted by T. P. Hill, being among the number.... The fire of February 16, 1881, resulted in the destruction of the Golden Rule block, and two adjoining buildings....In February, 1880, the sum of $30,000 was subscribed to build a plank road from Bradford to Coleville. The stockholders elected J. J. Carter, president; P. T. Kennedy, vice-president; James Amm, secretary, and F. A. Wheeler, treasurer. When the town was in its glory the Bordell Bazoo was published here, and altogether the place was considered of much importance.

Ormsby Junction is the name given to the junction of the narrow gauge

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roads connecting Smethport with Bradford, Mount Jewett and Kane. sequent to 1842 Mr. W. F. Ormsby settled in this then comparative wilderness, and he continues to reside here on his fine farm.

Aiken, Davis, Van Vleck and Simpson are small settlements on the Bradford, Bordell & Kinzua Railroad. Cyclone post-office is located in the western part of the township.

In December, 1888, a well was drilled on the Ormsby farm to a depth of 2,408 feet, to the fifth sand. This well answered 120 quarts of glycerine with seventy-five barrels of oil within four weeks; but the production fell to one and one-half barrels, when it was abandoned in February, 1889. One and onehalf miles west of the Ormsby farm is a well which gives gas and oil, but is undeveloped.

BOROUGH OF SMETHPORT.

Smethport is located in one of the most beautiful valleys in the mountain country. Its site was selected by John Keating, and this selection confirmed by the commissioners. The latitude and longitude ascertained by Surveyor Chadwick in 1839 are 41° 55′ and 78° 33', respectively.

In 1880 the borough claimed 872 inhabitants. In 1888 there were 148 Republican, 116 Democratic, nine Prohibitionist and one Union Labor votes cast, or a total of 274, which number multiplied by six gives an idea of the present population as 1,644.

In 1811 Capt. Arnold Hunter built the first cabin at Smethport, where the Widow Rifle resided in 1871, now occupied by a Swede. A second house

was built in 1812, but both were abandoned in 1814. Capt. Hunter died in Harrison township, Potter county, March 16, 1857, aged seventy-eight years and 364 days. In 1850 he was deputy census marshal for Potter county.

Asa Sartwell, of Iowa, who revisited his old hunting grounds in 1880, made the visit memorable by relating to the editor of the Miner his reminiscences of Smethport and vicinity in early times. Over sixty years before, his father, Solomon Sartwell, located within a few miles of the county seat in Farmers Valley, while his brother, Solomon, Jr., settled soon after at Smethport, and built the second large log-house, Eastman having built before. Asa, the younger brother, came in 1820, when Smethport contained a few loghuts and a carding-mill. He bought this mill, but at the close of the season saw it destroyed by fire. Going to Utica, N. Y., he purchased machinery for carding wool and dressing cloth, brought it hither, and in conjunction with these industries entered the lumber trade, and became a real estate dealer. John Applebee's saw- and grist-mill and Conant's cloth-dressing house were among the first industries.

Joseph Otto came from Mifflin county, Penn., early in 1810, and settled two and one-half miles below Smethport with his young wife. The trip hither from Angelica was through sixty miles of wilderness without one inhabitant, and from the effects of such a journey he fell sick soon after settlement, and he and his wife were almost on the point of starving when he became strong enough to hunt. Stephen Young located in Farmers Valley with others named in the chapter on first settlement. James Taylor moved to McKean county in 1824, and a few years later engaged in mercantile business at Smethport with Hawkins & Ford. A. N. Taylor, who died May 15, 1876, from injuries inflicted by a fall September 25, 1875, came with his father, and in 1843 became a partner in the business, ultimately purchased his father's

interest in the store and built a house, adjoining the Astor House, which was burned in the fire of March 28, 1868. He filled the office of associate judge for one term. In his journey to Smethport in November, 1826, Lawyer Orlo J. Hamlin met the Smethport and Jersey Shore mail carrier, Moses Hanna, at Canoe Place. Both traveled to the county seat over the mountains and across the terrible corduroy or pole bridges. Crossing Nunundah creek, they were soon at the Red Tavern, kept by Mrs. Willard. His stay he describes in his reminiscences, thus: "It being long after dark when we arrived, the bar-room was well filled with men. After supper we joined the men in this room. One of them, the leading man, after inquiring whence I came and what I came for, asked me What spelling books are in use now?' Replying, I said it was long since I was in the elementary schools, but I believed Dillsworth's were going out and Webster's coming in. Retiring for the night, I was shown to a room adjoining the bar-room. It so happened that a married couple occupied a room near by, and about ten o'clock that night the woman was in her accouchement, and I was kept awake by neighboring women passing to and fro every few minutes, while the men in the bar-room kept up a continual cross-fire of conversation and laughter. About midnight I heard the sound of men falling on the bar-room floor, and this intolerable nuisance was kept up until nearly morning, when I arose, irritable and feverish, determined to return to Towanda. In his reminiscences of the bar, given in connection with the courts, he refers to the manner in which he was received next morning and the establishment of his law office at Smethport.

Moses Hanna was mail carrier between Jersey Shore and Smethport as early as 1826, making the round trip every two weeks. Byron D. Hamlin carried the mail later on the Eldred route, while Davis Young carried over the Smethport and Olean route in the "thirties. The latter died in Michigan in January, 1871. Orlo J. Hamlin was postmaster for three years-1829-31. L. R. Hawkins held the position in 1837; Arthur Burlingame, in 1843; Philetus Ford, in 1844; E. Bard, in 1847; W. K. King, in 1851; Sol. Sartwell, Jr., in 1855, followed by C. K. Sartwell, Ira H. Gleason, M. L. Armstrong, and M. A. Sprague, who was appointed in 1884. Mr. Wilson, editor of the Democrat, was appointed in 1888. Mr. E. M. Kerns was appointed in July, 1889, but did not take possession of the office until April, 1890. The office is now located in the Odd Fellows' hall building.

Smethport borough, in 1856-57, was assessed by William K. King. The resident property owners were: N. W. Abbey (joiner), H. W. Annis, F. A. Allen (printer and school superintendent), Almon Allen, William Bell, J. C. Backus (attorney), S. A. Backus (representative), G. B. Backus, G. Barrett, D. R. Bennett, O. R. Bennett (hotel keeper), E. W. Bingham (owner of fifty-two lots), J. L. Beckwith (blacksmith), John Baker, J. Chadwick, R. Chadwick, Warren Cowles (attorney), G. Corwin, Widow Milligan, Amor Chandler (joiner), J. C. Chandler (printer), David Crow (owner of twenty acres and thirty-three lots), G. C. Chapin (joiner), L. H. De Aubigny, G. C. DeGolier (joiner), Dr. George Darling, Jedediah Darling (physician and judge), John Doyle, J. G. Eaton, E. B. Eldred (attorney), B. Freeman (owner of forty lots and thirteen and a half acres), B. H. Freeman, S. D. Freeman (physician), Philetus Ford (merchant), Job Gifford, Jr., O. W. Gallup, S. S. Hackett (shoemaker). B. Harris (cooper), Mary Holmes, Henry Hamlin, O. J. Hamlin, A. D. Hamlin, B. D. Hamlin (attorney), Ed. Hupey (mason), J. C. Hamlin, G. Irons, B. F. Jackson, W. K. King (owner of twenty one lots and six and three-quarter acres), Robert King (draftsman), Patrick King, John K. Lamphier, John Long, Dr. W. Y. McCoy (owner of twelve lots and seven acres),