28. Defugiunt: escape.

29. Troiani laboris: the Trojan war, here representing the Iliad. 30. tela retexta: the web unwoven. Penelope, pressed by the suitors for an answer, asked them to wait till she wove a winding-sheet for ler father-in-law Laertes; but at night she unravelled what she had woven during the day, so that after three years the work was still unfinished. The circumstance here represents the Odyssey.

31. Nemesis, Delia: fictitious names for two mistresses of Tibullus, which were celebrated in his poems.

33. Quid vos sacra iuvant, etc.: compare TIB. I. 3, 21:

Quid tua nunc Isis mihi, Delia, quid mihi prosunt

illa tua totiens aera repulsa manu?

vos: i.e. Nemesis and Delia.

34. in vacuo secubuisse toro: that you slept apart on a vacant couch, as enjoined at certain times by certain religious rites, especially those of Isis (compare PROP. II. 24) and Ceres (compare Ov. Am. III. 10). Ovid repeats that this worship was in vain.

35. Cum: since. ignoscite fasso: pardon me for speaking out. 36. sollicitor putare: I am tempted to believe.

37. Vive pius: moriere: live piously, you will die; the Imperative is here a vivid expression of Concession.

38. cava busta: the hollow tombs; see Vocabulary.

39. Carminibus: i.e. good poetry cannot save you.

40. parva quod urna capit: a small urnful; compare Met. XII. 616.

41. Tene -ne is the Interrogative enclitic.

42. pasci nec timuere: and did they not fear to feed ?

43. potuissent urere (sc. flammae): could have burnt; Potential Subjunctive.

44. sustinuere: were capable of.

45. Erycis: Eryx was a mountain of Sicily, sacred to Venus.

46. continuisse: that she restrained.

47. Phaeacia tellus: a kind of earthly paradise made famous by Homer, here identified with Corcyra (Corfu), which was once visited by Tibullus while in attendance upon the general Messalla. A sickness which befell the poet here was the occasion of his poem (i. 3), to which Ovid alludes. Compare TIB. I. 3, 2:

Me tenet ignotis acgrum Phaeacia terris,

abstineas, avidas, Mors, precor, atra, manus! 48. vili subposuisset humo: had placed beneath its base soil. 49. Hic certe madidos, etc.: compare TIB. I. 3, 5: non hic mihi mater

quae legat in maestos ossa perusta sinus; non soror, Assyrios cineri quae dedat odores, et fleat effusis ante sepulcra comis.

fugientis: as he was taking his flight from life.

:

pressit closed;

compare Her. I. 103.

hic... hic: the editors all read hinc... hinc,

but hinc and hic are often confused in the MSS. and hic certainly makes much better sense here, and its use in the corresponding passage of Tibullus is a strong argument in its favor.

51. in partem doloris venit: shared the grief.

52. comas: Accusative of Respect.

53. cum tuis sua iunxerunt oscula: joined their lips with thine. prior: that is, Delia.

54. solos proleptic, describing the effect of the action of the verb. 56. tibi: Dative of Agent. ignis: flame, love.

57. Quid tibi sunt mea damna dolori: why is my loss a grief to you? 58. Me tenuit moriens, etc.: compare TIB. I. 1, 59:

Te spectem, suprema mihi cum venerit hora,

te teneam moriens deficiente manu.

Flebis et arsuro positum me, Delia, lecto,

tristibus et lacrimis oscula mixta dabis.

59. aliquid nisi: something besides; if anything' is regularly siquid. 60. in Elysia valle, etc.: compare TIB. I. 3, 57:

Sed me, quod facilis tenero sum semper Amori,

ipsa Venus campos ducet in Elysios.

61. Obvius huic venias, docte Catulle: mayest thou, learned Catullus, come to meet him. hedera with ivy, as sacred to the lyric Muse as well as to Bacchus. Catullus was one of the greatest of the Roman poets, excelling in lyric power. Calvus was also a lyric poet.

62. tempora: temples; Accusative of Respect.

63. si falsum est temerati crimen amici: if the charge of injuring tly friend is false. Just what Gallus was accused of is not known. It seems that while in his cups he used some disrespectful language of Augustus. Compare Trist. II. 445 :

Non fuit opprobrio celebrasse Lycorida Gallo,

sed linguam nimio non tenuisse mero.

Whatever the charge, he was condemned and committed suicide. He was an elegiac poet of great reputation among his contemporaries, but none of his writings have survived.

36. miles as a soldier. Ovid is fond of comparing love to warfare. 37. placitam: who has pleased you; used in an active sense. orare to persuade.

38. ut duret: Clause of Design, parallel with exorare.

40. meta goal.

chariot race.

ex

admissa rota: by the swift wheels; it is now a

41. passim: here and there.

race has not yet begun.

43. delapsa gliding down.

44. oculis: Ablative of Instrument.

loris solutis: with loose reins; the

45. ubi tendat: where to stretch; Dubitative Subjunctive.

46. moretur: Indirect Question.

47. qui sustinet hamos: i.e. the fisherman.

48. quae, etc. in what waters many fish swim.

50. frequens sit puella: girls abound.

53. Perseus portarit: let Perseus carry off.

54. Graia puella: i.e. Helen.

56. ut dicas: that you will say; Subjunctive of Result.

60. mater: i.e. Venus.

Aeneae sui: of her son Aeneas.

63. iuvenem a young woman; the gender of iuvenis is common.

64. nescius: embarrassment of riches.

66. plenius: very numerous. The poet proceeds to mention walks, temples, theatres, the Circus, Baiae, etc.

10. LETTER-WRITING.

A. A. I.-459. Disce bonas artes: learn the liberal arts.

Ovid's day, was about equivalent to

460. non tantum, etc.: not solely

prisoners.

461. Quam: as.

study to be an orator.'

This, in

that you may defend the trembling

462. tam quite as much.

victa: overcome by eloquence.

dabit manus: will yield.

eloquio

463. in fronte: openly, avowedly; let art be concealed. 464. Effugiant voces tuae: let thy language avoid.

466. valens causa: a strong cause.

467. Sit tibi: use.

470. lecturam spera: hope that she will read it.

471. Tempore: in time.

difficiles: hard to break.

472. lenta pati frena: to endure the flexible reins; another interpre

tation of lenta is restraining, retarding.

477. persta modo: only persist; Imperative expresses Condition.

478. sero late, after long delay.

479. Legerit: should she read it? if she should read it.

480. fac legat usque: make her keep on reading.

481. legisse := legere.

ro

482. per numeros, etc.: those things will come at the proper time. 484. quaeque, etc. and which will beg thee not to trouble her. get: Subjunctive of Characteristic. velis: Complementary Final

clause.

486. postmodo: after a while.

11. REMEDIES OF LOVE AND PLEASURES OF LIFE.

REM. AM.-149. Desidiam: idleness.

150. quo teneatur: to occupy it.

152. urbanae togae: i.e. of civil life.

puer ille: i.e. Amor.

153. iuvenalia munera: the active duties, those requiring the strength of youth.

154. deliciae: love.

155. fugax Parthus: the fleeing Parthian; this refers to the Parthians' favorite mode of warfare, by pretended flight. Compare A. A. 1. 210 : Telaque, ab averso quae iacit hostis equo.

Qui fugis ut vincas, quid victo, Parthe, relinquis?

159. Aetola a cuspide: while assisting the Trojans, Venus was wounded by Diomede; compare Met. xv. 769.

160. amatori suo: by her lover; i.e. Mars. She has no use for war. Compare HOMER, II. v. 428:

οὔ τοι, τέκνον ἐμόν, δέδοται πολεμήια ἔργα,

ἀλλὰ σύ γ' ἱμερόεντα μετέρχεο ἔργα γάμοιο,

ταῦτα δ' "Αρηι θοῷ καὶ ̓Αθήνῃ πάντα μελήσει :

'not to thee, my child, has been assigned the province of war, but do

thou attend to the charming province of marriage and all these things

will receive the attention of impetuous Mars and Minerva.'

170. quaelibet cura: any passion, no matter how great.

yield to, be driven out by.

172. sauciet: may wound, cut.

173. Obrue versata terra: bury under the turned soil.

174. quae: sc. semina.

reddat Relative clause of Design.

cedere:

176. ferat: Subjunctive of Result, or Indirect Question with ut = how. 178. tondentes: cropping.

181. inaequali arundine: the shepherd's pipe was composed of reeds of unequal length fastened together with wax ; compare Met. II. 682.

182. sedula: tireless.

183. Parte alia: in another direction.

185. examina: swarms of bees.

186. dempti favi: the honeycomb taken out, the removal of the honey. vimina: the wickerwork on which the honeycomb rested.

191. desectas herbas: hay.

192. raro pectine: with the wide-toothed rake. pecten is properly a comb.

193. deponere: set out.

194. rivos lenis aquae: streams of gentle water, for irrigation.

195. insitio (the time for) grafting.

196. peregrinis operta comis: covered with foreign foliage.

198. inritus exit: goes away harmless.

200. Phoebi sorore: i.e. Diana, the huntress.

201. pronum: stretched out, running at full speed.

with the keen-scented dog.

202. frondosis iugis: on the leafy mountain-tops.

catulo sagaci :

203. varia formidine: with the bright-colored scarecrow; see Vocabulary.

204. adversa cuspide fossus: pierced with hostile spear; adversa means that the boar and the hunter are facing each other.

fatigatum; your wearied body.

205. Nocte: at night. cura puellae: not thoughts of love. 206. pingui quiete: with undisturbed rest.

moved, free from restless tossing.

non

pingui: sluggish, un

207. Lenius est studium: it is a less exciting occupation.

by catching birds.

208. aut lino aut calamis: either with nets or lime-twigs.

alite capta:

209. quae piscis edax, etc.: for the hungry fish to swallow with greedy mouth to his misfortune.

210. supremis cibis: with covering bait; supremus is that which is on top or the outside.

211. donec dediscis: while you are unlearning, forgetting. how to love.

amare:

12. A STORM AT SEA.

TRIST. I. 2.-1. Di: Vocative.

quid... supersunt: for what is left except prayers? It would seem more natural to us to express superest after quid and omit supersunt after vota. This is also good Latin. Compare 1. 23 below.

2. solvere parcite: loosen not. The expression is little more than a poetical circumlocution for the negative imperative. membra: the

parts, especially the planks.

3. subscribite: second, concur in.

4. premente deo: when a god pursues.

5. Mulciber: Vulcan.

6. aequa: favorable.

in: against.

7. propior: Juno was related to Turnus (compare VERG. Aen. x. 618), the prince of the Rutulians, who waged a bitter war with Aeneas after the latter landed in Italy. The cause of the war was Lavinia, who had been