College for orphans, there are nearly 500 public schools, with 95,552 pupils and 1878 teachers. There are four medical colleges and numerous academies, seminaries, private schools and other institutions of learning. There were two hospitals a century ago, the Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia, the latter connected with the almshouse for pauper assistance. There are now 19 hospitals for the relief of the sick and 3 for treatment of the insane. There are 15 dispensaries for the supply of medicine and medical attendance to the poor. There are 21 asylums for orphans and abandoned children, 19 homes for aged men and women, an asylum for the deaf and dumb, 3 institutions for the relief of the blind, 5 asylums for the reformation of fallen women, a home for inebriates, 11 industrial aid societies, 13 assistance societies, 10 soup societies and many other institutions with charitable objects.

In 1776 there were in Philadelphia city and county five congregations of the Church of England (Christ's, St. Peter's, St. Paul's, Trinity, in Oxford township, and St. Thomas', at White Marsh). There were three Presbyterian churches, one Associate Presbyterian and one Scots Presbyterian in the city, and one at Frankford, a Baptist church at Pennypack, in Philadelphia, and in Montgomery township; 7 German Lutheran churches (Zion, St. Michael's, Germantown, New Hanover, St. Peter's, at Barren Hill, Frankford and at the Trappe), 7 German Reformed churches in the city and county, 1 Moravian and 1 Methodist: 3 Swedish Lutheran (Gloria Dei, St. James, Christ's Church, at Upper Merion); 2 Roman Catholic. The Society of Friends had three meeting-houses in the city, meeting-houses in Germantown and at the various townships.

Last day for naturalization, January 20. For county and State officers, on Tuesday, November 6th. To be elected: Auditor-general, State treasurer, judge of Common Pleas Court No. 3, district attorney, coroner, city commisstoner.

Last days for extra assessment, 5th and 6th of September.

Last day for payment of taxes, October 6th.
Last day for naturalization, October 6th.

QUALIFICATIONS OF ELECTORS.

VOTING ON AGE.-Every male citizen between the ages of twenty-one and twenty-two years may have resided in the State one year, and in the vote without being assessed. He must previously election district (or division) where he offers to vote for at least two months before the election. If his name is not on the registry of voters, he must make affidavit, if a native citizen, as to his birthplace and residence in the district for two

and in the State for one year, except in months, case he had been a resident and removed there

from and again returned, when six months' residence will be sufficient. If he is not native born, but the son of a citizen naturalized during the son's minority, he must also produce proof of his father's naturalization, of which the naturalization certificate will be the best evidence.

A NATURAL BORN CITIZEN over twenty-two years of age must have paid within two years a State or county tax, which shall have been assessed at least two months and paid one month before the election. He must have resided in the State one year, or if, having previously been a qualified elector or native-born citizen of the State, he shall have removed therefrom and returned, then six months immediately preceding the election. He must have resided in the election dis

sects 21.

In all the features which distinguish a great metropolis, as connected with religion, morality, charity, benevolence, industry, trade, art, science, literature, education, Philadelphia is behind no city of its size in the world, whilst by its broad territorial size, peculiarities of building, cheap and good markets, with abundance of air, light and water, it exceeds in comfort within the reach of the poorest classes any other city in the world, and is justly entitled to the appellation, of late years most appropriately given to it, of the "City of Homes."

ELECTIONS IN 1877.

IN 1877 general elections will be held in the city of Philadelphia as follows:

For city and ward officers, on Tuesday, ruary 20th. To be elected: Mayor, members of councils, assessors, election officers, school directors, etc.

Last day for payment of taxes, January 20, 1877.

Jupiter 5° north"

PLANETS.

13

MERCURY() will have its greatest elongation east of the sun, and may be looked for soon after sunset, about January 10, May 3, August 31 and December 25; and its greatest elongation west, and may be looked for just before sunrise, about February 20, June 20 and October 12. The most favorable times for seeing it will be on the evening of May 3 and the morning of October 12.

Venus will be morning star until the 6th of May, and then evening star for the rest of the year. Mars (₫) will be visible in the morning until the 4th of June. During the rest of the year it will be visible in the evening and on the meridian at 9 P.M., October 18. It will be within 1° of Jupiter, March 1, and about 10' of arc from Saturn, November 3.

Jupiter (2) becomes visible in the evening on the 15th of April, rising at midnight. It is on the meridian at 9 o'clock the 30th of July.

3 36 10 28 10 55 6.5

11 22 11 51 6.5

o 18 6.4

2 56 5.7

6 44 5.6 0 18 7 11 7 37.5.8 I 68 1 8 25 6.0 I 51 8 47 9 10 6.2 2 40 9 359 59 6.4 3 27 10 24 10 46 6.5 3 51 4 13 11 10 11 32 6.5 4 36 4 56 11 551

9.37 P.M. Altair rises 5.55 P.M. HS. 11.26 P.M. Capella sets.

rises.

9.43 P.M. 5.25 A.M. OMG. 0.37 A.M. rises. 9.55 P.M. Procyon sets. 1.39 A.M. h rises. 5.40 P.M. 39. 9.13 P.M. in . 9.55 P.M. Arcturus S. 2.43 P.M. & Inf. 11.05 P.M. Pollux sets. 11.11 P.M. 4. 8.55 P.M. 2 rises. 3.53 A.M. in Aphelion 7.52 P.M. sets.

Saturn (h) may be seen in the evening until the middle of February, after which it must be looked for in the morning until the 16th of June, when it again becomes visible before midnight.

In its enlarged and improved shape the Public Ledger presents a very attractive appearance, and is even more worthy of the appreciation of the public than in times gone by. Under the management of Mr. George W. Childs the Ledger has gained a most enviable reputation for its accuracy and impartiality, and for the exclusion from its columns of mischievous errors and demoralizing impurities. No pains have been spared to make it a reliable, wholly unobjectionable and cheap family newspaper.

The Ledger has prospered in the past because it supplied in a very perfect manner a public need, and it has deserved all the pros perity it has achieved. May it prosper in the future as it has in the past, and be able nine years from now to celebrate its semi-centennial, enjoying the confidence and respect of the people of Philadelphia to an even greater extent than it does to-day-Philadelphia Evening Telegraph, March 27.

PHILADELPHIA CHRONOLOGY

FOR 1875-6.

1875, November 24. M. E. Church at Holmesburg dedicated. November 25. Thanksgiving day. Review of First Division of militia by Governor Hartranft, and parade.

Attempt made by the People's (Callowhill street) Passenger Railway Company, to lay down a track on Front street, from Vine to Dock, and stopped after considerable work had been done.

November 27. Obsequies of Henry Wilson, Vice-President of U. S. The body lay in state in Independence Hall, and was escorted to the Germantown Junction of the New York Railroad by a procession of military and citizens.

November 28. Thos. Mulligan died at Pennsylvania Hospital from the result of injuries received November 24 at Twelfth and South streets, according to verdict of the Coroner's jury, at the hands of Robert White.

November 29. Temporary bridge of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company over the Schuylkill at Market street finished and used by trains. November 30. South Street Bridge opened to the use of pedestrians. December 2. U. S. Navy Yard sold to Pennsylvania Railroad Company, for $1,000,000.

Ordinance passed authorizing Pennsylvania Railroad Company to build a bridge over Market street in place of the old one, which was destroyed by fire November 20.

December 5. Twenty-eighth Street M. E. Chapel, Twenty-eighth above Girard avenue, dedicated, December 6. Wm. Watson Brown, charged with the murder of his wife, convicted of murder in the second degree. Sentenced January 15, 1876, to an imprisonment of 12 years.

December 22. Ridge Avenue Farmers' Market, below Girard avenue, opened for business.

- Benjamin W. Masters, charged with the murder of Emeline V. Thompson, at 1225 Citron street, was acquitted, but was held to bail on a charge of arson.

Mrs. Catherine Quigley died at the hospital, from the effects of a shot wound in her brain. The Coroner's jury found that the wound was received at the hands of her husband, Patrick Quigley, corner Seventh and Minster streets, December 13. He was tried and convicted, February 7, 1876, of murder in the first degree, and on Febru ary 14 was sentenced to be hanged.

December 23. Elizabeth Shuster, charged with the murder of her infant child, on May 5, in Manayunk, was tried and acquitted.

December 24. In the case of W. H. Boileau and Margaret H. Jones, against Mt. Moriah Cemetery, Common Pleas Court No. 3 awarded a writ of mandamus, directing the company to allow the burial of the body of Henry Jones, a colored man. Appeal taken to Supreme Court. Common Pleas Court No. 2 granted a preliminary injunction against the city to prevent interference with the Market Street Passenger Railway Company in laying tracks on the new Market Street Bridge.

The temporary bridge across the Schuylkill at Market street was finished, passenger railway tracks were laid, and cars run across. The work of building this bridge was finished by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company in 207 working hours, or less than 21 days, at a cost of $56,405.66.

December 30. Daniel H. Lambert was killed at Twelfth and Fitzwater, from the result of a blow and fall which the Coroner's jury found was reat the hands of Robert McQuade, who was tried March 24, 1876, and acquitted.

Fire at Wm. B. Thomas' barrel factory, Willow street between Twelfth and Thirteenth streets. Loss $20,000.

December 9. City Councils passed an ordinance fixing the tax rate for 1876 at $2.05 per one hundred dollars, and 10 cents special tax for the Public Buildings.

December 12. Calvary Lutheran Church, Forty-third and Aspen streets, West Philadelphia, dedicated.

December 14. 975 votes polled. 501; Edward C. December 10. President of the U. S., mem. bers of Congress, and a large number of Senators and Representatives, visited the Centennial Grounds, inspected the buildings and were entertained at Horticultural Hall.

Election at the Union League. For President, John P. Verree, Knight, 474.

December 20. Germantown Schoolhouse, Adams near Rittenhouse street, dedicated.

- Patrick H. Broderick, charged with the murder of his infant child, by throwing it out of the third-story window of house 504 S. Front street, July 17, was convicted of manslaughter, and sentenced to one year's imprisonment.

December 21. Spring Garden Primary School, Twelfth and Ogden streets, dedicated.

1876, January 1. Grand celebration of the opening of the Centennial year, at the State House, by hoisting the grand Union flag, together with illuminations, ringing of bells, blowing of steam-whistles and firing of cannon and fire-arms, at midnight, between December 31 and January 1. Immense concourse of people present.

Conrad Shroder killed at 1920 N. Third street by a gunshot wound. Coroner's jury found that the firing was accidental, and at the hands of Eckert Lineweber.

January 2. Matthew Spellisy died from fracture of skull and fall received at 413 N. Front street. The Coroner's jury found that Frederick Miller and Conrad Weingartner were responsible for his death. They were tried March 24 and 25, and acquitted.

January 7. Geo. W. Fletcher, tried for the murder of James Hanley, in the neighborhood of Second and Queen streets, November 3, 1875, was found guilty of murder in the first degree.

January 11. Very low water in the Camden channel of the Delaware River, in consequence of a gale on the previous day. The ferry-boats to Camden had great difficulty in making their trips. Several of them were aground from 3 to 5 hours.

January 13. Samuel R. Marshall, under decree of Court of Common Pleas, was admitted as mem

0 287 29

168 17 S

169 18 M 4 32

170 19 Tu 4 32

A GOOD deal of discussion arose in the spring of 1876 as to the time of Easter. To satisfy strictly the Gregorian rule, as given in the Episcopal Prayer Book, Easter day should have been the ninth of April, whereas it was, in fact, the sixteenth.

To avoid being misled by the rule, it must be borne in mind that the words full moon there used refer to a fictitious full moon which has about the same relation to the actual full moon that mean noon has to apparent noon. The full moon of the calendar is the fourteenth day of an imaginary lunar month, without any reference to the condition of the moon at the time. The rule is so contrived that in a long series of thousands of years its fictitious full moon can never be more than two or three days out of the way. It, however, rarely coincides exactly with the actual full moon.

6 44 1 17

I 40 6.1 2 27 5.9 3 20 5.6 4 19 5.4 5 20 5.3

0.12 A.M. h rises. 1.10 P.M. H C 7.32 P.M. Pole ✶ N. 7.30 P.M. 2 rises. 3.24 A.M. rises. 5.34 P.M. 80.[W 6.00 P.M. gr. elong. 3.18 A.M.Summer com. 3.19 A.M. rises. 8.28 P.M. sets. 9.05 P.M. Spica S. 0.13 A.M. α. 7.49 P.M. Arcturus S 1.09 P.M. in Perih 10.18 P.M. Reguius sets

4 5 4 23 11 24 11 42 6.511.59 P.M. Vega S.

4 42 5 O

O 16.5

9.58 P.M. H sets.

THE fact that that sterling but thoroughly unsensational journal, the Philadelphia Ledger, has gone on steadily increasing its enormous circulation, and at the same time increasing its advertising until it has had to more than quadruple its original size, is a sufficient testimony to the value of character in a newspaper. While there are numerous papers of the flash, sensational order that make themselves vastly more conspicuous before the public, the Ledger, that never uses a display head-line, nor allows an unverified attack upon personal character, however piquant and "readable," to appear in its columns, is undoubtedly to-day the most valuable newspaper property -with, perhaps, one exception, the New York Herald-in the country.-Washington Evening Star, April 21.

ACCORDING to Father Secchi, one of the most prominent students of the physical nature of the sun, the spots so often seen upon its face are due to eruptions of metallic vapors from the interior. Masses of metal in the form of vapor are believed to break through the incandescent gases of the sun's surface, forming clouds. The power of the spectroscope is such that these investigations are attended with considerable certainty.

THE SUN, Philadelphia.

Rises Souths Sets

A.M. A.M. P.M.

h.m. m. s. h.m. 4 34 2 24 7 21 153 2 S 4 34 2 157 22 154 3 S 4 34 2 57 23 155 4 M 4 33 55 7 24 156 5 Tu 4 33 I 44 7 24 157 6 W 4 32 I 34 7 25 158 7 Th4 32 1 23 7 25 159 8 F 4 32 I II 26 160 9S 4 320 59 7 26 161 10 S 4 32 O 7 27 162 11 M 4 32 o 35 7 27 163 12 Tu 4 32 0 23 7 28 164 13 W 4 32 0 11 7 28 165 14 Th 4 2.7 29 166 15 F 4 32 0 15 7 29 167 16 S 4 32

O IO A.M. 9 31 A.M.

THE MOON, Philadelphia.

Rises. Souths Sets.

P.M. A.M. A.M.

d. h. m.

h. m. h. m. k. m. d. 11 47 4 13 9 13 19 A.M. 4 56 10 14 20 o 95 38 11 15 21 0 30 6 18 0 50 7 I I II 7 42 I 338 26 1 59 9 13 2 31 10 6 3 II II 5 7 128

THE TIDES,

Philadelphia.

Low Tide.

A.M. P.M. A.M. P.M.

High Tide.

n. m. h. m.

h. m. h. m.

5 17 5 37

O 15

0 36 6.4

0.10 A.M.

1 16 6.2

5.43 P.M.

I 56 6.0

2 37 5.8

8 4

8 30

2 59

3 23 5.6

9.27 A.M.

C.

8.09 P.M.

sets.

I 10 I 36

8 29

8 55 6.0

10.06 P.M. Pollux sets.

2 52 33

9 24

9 52 6.3

13 29 10 20

10 48 6.5

11.39 P.M.

rises.