No 22 OF VOL. VIII.] BALTIMORE, SATURDAY, JULY 29, 1815. Hæc olim meminisse juvabit.—VIRGIL. [WHOLE NO. 204. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY H. NILES, No. 29, SOUTH CALVERt-street, at $5 PER ANNUM. To dispose of some articles in type, that it appear- jit. If one of the United States ships were clothed ed we could not get into the regular sheet, a SUPPLE with it, and the commander required to publish his MENT, of four pages, accompanies the present num-opinion of it, after a full trial, it would be a means ber. To do justice to the events of the times, we of the country obtaining information more to be recould find matter enough for at least two sheets per lied on than by any private source. week. Approaching the close of the volume, the four sheets to complete it must be given up chiefly to the insertion of documents and things that naturally be long to its period, Among other articles, the reply of Mr. Lloyd to Mr. Randolph, so long delayed, on account of the great space it occupies, must have room. The writer believes that the last statement of the tonnage of the United States, which was published, amounted to about one million and a half of tonsas it is apprehended it would require 10 yards of canvas per ton, on an average, to clothe a vessel and furnish her extra sails-consequently to supply 1,500,000 tons would require 15 millions of yards of canvas, which, at 60 cents per yard, amounts to nine millions Subscribers will please to recollect that the regu- of dollars; and, at three-fourths of a pound of cotlar year of the WEEKLY REGISTER expires with the ton to the yard, would create a new demand for cotmonth of August; and that, for the many good and ton to the amount of 11,250,000 pounds. To spin substantial reasons set forth some time ago, payment this quantity would give work to 60,000 cotton spinwill be expected in advance. A matter of no im-dles for one year, and to weave it would require portance to individuals, but of great moment to the editor in the saving of trouble, money and time. And, in making payment for the year in advance, an additional dollar will be paid by those who desire to have the SUPPLEMENT TO VOLUME VIII. which shall be forwarded to subscribers on or before the middle of September. COTTON CANVAS. This kind of sail cloth has been made in this town, in small quantities, for more than a year past, and the demand for it still continues; so that it is probable the manufacture will increase. Some months since, the writer was applied to employ it on a vessel he is concerned in-but, for want of information of its quality, he then declined it: yet he has not ceased to make enquiries on the subject when suitable opportunities offered-and, in the course of the present year, two vessels from Baltimore, clothed with this kind of canvas, arriving at this port, a convenient opportunity presented itself for becoming fully informed of its quality. From the owners and officers of those vessels he had the pleasure to learn, that they gave it a decided preference to the Russian, and that it was exceeded by none, the best Holland duck excepted. It There are two advantages arising from the use of cotton canvas, either of which is important. mildews less than hempen, and fulls up so as to be nearly air tight; which the canvas made of hemp does not on the contrary, as it becomes old, interstices appear in all parts of it that permit the pas. sage of the wind. Considering the importance of this article to the growers of cotton, and its manufacturers in this country, it is desirable to have the question determined, absolutely, whether, under all circumstances, it ought to be preferred to foreign canvas; and no way appears more likely to test the matter completely, than by the general government undertaking VOL. VIIK nearly 5000 weavers. Sixty thousand spindles would P. The editor of the REGISTER has made some able quantity of Cotton Canvas has been manufac enquiries on this interesting subject. A considertured in Baltimore. Like all other new things, it has had to fight with "steady habits," but seems uniformly to have obtained the mastery in the opinion of those who had courage enough to give it a fair when economy, utility and patriotism will fully conquer trial. And, it is probable, the time is not distant prejudice, and clothe all our vessels with our own sail cloth, which may be best made by water looms, to the great saving of labor. A list of vessels which have entered and cleared in the port of Savannah, from the 1st of April to the 30th day of June, 1815 A a times their fair proportion of tonnage compared with! propose to make with regard to the effect, which the products of their soil.-The southern states, war has upon the quality of your property, and upon in this respect, have been to the eastern what your chances of security, or insecurity. the Dutch colonies were to Holland-furnishing What you most desire is, to have the interest of your the basis of trude, the value of which was greatly stock regularly paid in full, and to prevent any inse increased by the transportations of it, and what it curity to your capital. Your interest is paid almost produced, to all parts of the world. But the prin wholly, and, indeed, entirely by the land. You wil! ciple of commerce is in the original product-and start and swell here, and ask whether commerce and it is of this principle abounding in the south and manufactures, and traders, and professions, pay west, that the "commercial nation of New-England" nothing? Yes they do; but they pay precisely in as jealous! Let them take heed what they do. The proportion to the prosperity of agriculture. That worm trodden upon will turn. Hitherto nine-tenths is to say, in proportion to the height of prices. If of that great staple, cotton, was carried to Europe the land, out of which all the great receive their inin New-England ships. The British have lately crease, and all the farmers and all the laborers repassed a law by which this article from the U. S. ceive their profits and their wages, yield little, little pays a duty of two pence per ib. more if imported in can all these pay to tradesmen and manufactures, American than in British vessels. This amounts to an little will be the profits of commerce and of profesactual prohibition of the employment of American sions. When wheat was twenty shillings a bushel, vessels in that trade; for, as a letter from Liverpool the landlord and the farmer had three times as much observes, this duty on a ship's cargo of 800 bags money to lay out as they have now. Hence the pre makes a difference of £2165 6s. 8ď ($9614) in fa- sent universal cry out about the dullness of trade; vor of the British bottom, "which sum, in ordinary hence the numerous bankruptcies; hence the stagtimes, would be considered a very excellent freight." nation of commerce and manufactures. The British will give the planter as much for his Though, therefore, I agree, most cordially, with cotton as the American merchant can do; or, they you in your opposition to the corn bill, the grounds will carry it to market for him as cheap as the New of our opposition were different indeed. I knew that England man-it is, therefore, as a question of pea corn bill was necessary to enable the land to pay cuniary interest, no matter to him whether it is car- the sum of taxes demanded by the government; but ried in an American or a British vessel-suppose I wished the sum of taxes to be diminished. You he is guided by the like narrow views that has in- wished to have corn cheap, and the sum of taxes not fluenced the eastern jacobins in a thousand particu- to be diminished. These two, together, were imlars, and refuses to consider all the United States possible. They could not, and they cannot, co-exas his country, permitting New England to be a "na ist. If you are asked, at any time, what security tion," as her great folks desired to call her, in regard you have for your property, do you not always anto this thing, and shall vote against a law to coun-swer, that your security is on the land of the nation? tervail the British duties-where will the eastern Do you not say, that the estates of all the land-ownships be, that were employed through the cotton ers are mortgaged to you? This is a great mistake trade, amounting to not less than 100,000 tons, back-for it is only the revenues which are mortgaged to and forth? Rotting at the wharves of the "com. you; but, to obviate all difficulty upon this score, mercial states." To the Fundholders, On the supposed approaching war against Frenee. take it for granted, that you have a bona fide mortgage upon all the land in England. Can it, then, be your interest, that the land should be unable to pay your amual demands?-The land, upon your own principles, is partly yours. Can you, then, be gainers by its produce being depreciated? A certain Of all the classes of people in this country you farm, for instance, pays a hundred a year towards appear to me to have been, and still to be, the most your annual demands. If produce fall so low as to misguided, as to all questions of politics, and espe- disable this farm from paying you more than fifty cally as to the important question of peace or war. pounds a year, how are you to be paid your dividends will now do my best to enable you to judge correctly in full? Hence, it is clear, that the corn bill was upon this subject, as far, at least, as your interests more for your protection than for the protection of are more immediately connected with it. the farmer, who really eats and drinks of his own Your great characteristic is xiety for the safety produce. Your expences of living would keep pace of your property; but, though self preservation is with the price of the produce of the land. In the the first of nature's laws, and though, in general, end, the thing might be the same; but, if one half men who are alive to little else, are extremely alive, of your dividends was deducted on account of the and even very skillful, in cases where their own in fall in the price of produce, you would soon discoterests are at stake, you do not appear to me to per- ver that a corn bill, or any other such measure, was ceive how your own interests have been, or how they more for your security than for that of the farmer. will be affected by war. You entertain a sort of But what is it which has rendered high prices nevague apprehension, that unless Napoleon be decessary to your security?—WAR. War, which has stroyed, you shall have your property taken away, augmented the taxes on the land, to be able to pay You look to the government, that is, in your sense of those taxes, must now have a high price for its prothe word, to the minister, for the time-being, as the duce. War, therefore, has been your great enemy, guardian of your property. Hence you are always and not the landlords and farmers, as you have been found on their side of the question of war or peace. taught to suppose. If they say war, you are for war: if they say peace, you are for peace. To go no farther, therefore, you, above all people, ought to regret the renewal of war. You cry out On the subject of the corn bill, you were against against those who are opposed to war; yon accuse the ministers, because that was a question, as you thera of seditious, and almost of treasonable motives thought, involving no danger to your property. But, And for what? Because you look upon war against in fact, you were more interested in the passing of Napoleon as necessary to the security of your prothe corn-bill than any other class of the community;perty; when the fact is, as I will proceed to show, and, in explaining this seeming paradox to you, I that war has been, and must be, ruinous to that proshall, in the easiest way,introduce the remarks which perty, which, though no part has been violently seized on-which, though you have still continued France; in restoring the pope, the Jesuits, and the to receive your dividends to the full nominal amount, inquisition; and in erecting Holland and Hanover inhas imperceptibly passed away from you to the to kingdoms; wars, the success of which you have amount of more than one half of what you really joined in celebrating! possessed in the year 1792. Your property has passed from your possession in two ways: first, in point of credit, or the value of the capital; and next, as to the currency in which the interest is paid. This Will clearly appear from the following statement of the price, the settled peace price, of three per cent. stock during the peace, previous to the first war against the republicans of France, and of the subsequent peace prices. In 1792, before the war against France, the stea- But now, if such have been the effects of war upon your property; if, in fact, you, who had estates in the funds in 1792, have lost more than the half of those estates, what are you all to expect as the consequences to you of another war? I shall lay out of account all the possible dangers from a stoppage of the sinking fund, or any other measure to which necessity might drive the minister for the time being; I shall suppose that'tro danger can ever arise to you from internal commotions, produced by 5the pressure of war: but I must assume, and I think 77 you will allow the assumption to be correct, that the 66 thing will at least go on as it has done, and of This statement exhibits the fall in the value of course, that your estates in the funds will daily grow the capital; the fall in the value of any estate in the of less and less value, in proportion as the mass of funds. That which was worth 951. in 1792, was debt is augmented. You are quite sure that war worth only 771. in 1802, and only 661. in 1814.- will augment this mass-and yet you raise not your But, far is this view of the matter short of the real voices against war, but, on the contrary, appear to mark; for the currency, in which funds are bought he disappointed that blood has not yet been drawn. and sold, has also fallen in as great a proportion. A The certainty that your estates will continue to guinea is risen to 28s; and, therefore, in real mo-melt away as they have melted, is, one would think, ney, a hundred three per cents. at 66, as they were quite sufficient to make you deprecate the renewal during the peace of Paris, last year, were worth only of war. Having lost 50 guineas out of every 90 gui491.; and, at this moment they are worth only about 441. In the year 1792, the currency in which the dividends were paid, and in which funds were bought and sold, was equal in value to real money. So that, Guineas, Shillings. 90 40 10 10 neas that you possessed in 1792, in the frst resto, ration of the Bourbons, one would think that you would dread a second "success" of the kind as you would dread the hour of death. The late war lasted 20 years, exclusive of the peace of Amiens. In 1792 you could have sold a Another 16 years of war, at the same rate, would hundred three per cents. for take away the remaining 40 guineas. So that even In May, 1815, you cannot sell in case of a second "success," you would be withthem for no more than out a penny. But, is it not thus that the thing would Is there any one of you who can deny these facts? travel. The stone that rolls down a hill, even if the And, if you cannot, do you still look upon those as surface be smooth, goes swifter and swifter as it the enemies of your property who wish for peace? approaches the bottom; and if it meet with rubs in Can you deny that it is war which has had this its way, its bounds add to its volcity, till, at last, alarming effect upon your property? And, yet, do it comes, at a single jump, like a ball from the canyou blame those who are against more war? That non's mouth. So it will be, because, so, from the vile and prostituted newspaper, the Times, which nature of things, it must be with funded property, if you all read sometimes, in drawing a comparison we now enter on a war of any considerable duration. between the situation of France and England, talks To be satisfied of the truth of this, you have onabout the comparative price of the funds in the two ly to look at what has taken place in other countries, countries, and takes this as a criterion of national where there have been funding systems, and at the prosperity, and of the solidity of the government.-increasing force of the debt in England. Since the Nothing can be more false than this principle; but funding system began we have had seven wars. The suppose it to be true.-There is no such great dif-debt created by each war is as follows: ference in the price of the funds in the two countries at this moment. The French funds are five per çent. Our five per cents. are at 88 in paper, in real money they are worth 671. And, we see, that the French five per cents. are worth, even now, 621, in real money; for, in France, it is gold with which funds are purchased. So that if you are to weigh public opinion, popular confidence, and the solidity of governments in this scale, we have, on our side of the water, but little to boast of in the comparison, though France is, at this moment, surrounded by hos tile armies, though she is men iced with an invasion by a million of men in arms, and though millions of money are employed, in all probability to excite die sensions in her cities and provinces. Have you ever seen the matter in this light before? Is it not tine, then, for you to begin to think? 1st war, which ended in 1697, £41,000,000 33,000,000 do. 1739, 48,000,000 4th wa', do. 1756, 52,000,000 5th war, do. 1775, 108,000,000 297,000,000 413,000,000 £992,000,000 There are perhaps, 30 or 40 millions of floating debt, besides the amount of the arrears of the last war, so that about eight years of war would, in all human probability, bring the debt to 1600 millions, at which point it would render the funds possessed in 1792 worth nothing at all. But the thing would hardly proceed; it would hardly get along, at any rate, to this length. An addition of three or four Such is the state to which you have been reduced hundred millions is, probably, as much as it would by the great "statesmen now no more," and his suc- bear before the whole thing would be blown up; for, cessors of both factions.-Such is the price that you by that time, the price of the guinea would be so have paid for your support of those men and their high, and the alarm would become so great on your measures. Such is the fruit of those wars which part, that you will sell your stock at any price, till, you were told were to secure you in the enjoyment at last there would be nobody to purchase. of your property; wars which ended in placing the Is not this the natural march of your property? Bourbons, for eleven months upon the throne of Is there any one of you who will set his face agaiust the facts which I have stated? If wars have gone, because she made war against us, while we were on adding to the debt in the above manner, why at war with Napoleon. What will they say now of should not the same take place again? If the value of the venerable head of this African state-The same your estates has fallen in the proportion of from 90 to honorable worthies have said, that because America 40, during the creation of 700 millions of debt, will went to war with us, while we had to fight Napoleon, not another 5 or 600 millions take away the whole of she was the slave of Napoleon. But I hope they your estates? If you cannot find any answer to these will not apply this reasoning to the present war statements: if they be true and you are obliged to between America and Algiers: 1 fervently hope, acknowledge them to be true, why should you shut that no one will pretend, that, because Algiers went your eyes to your danger? Is the part of wise men; to war with America while America had to fight is it the part of men of common sense, to act thus? with us, Algiers was the slave of England! As to The calami y of which I have been speaking, 1 the result of the war, I have no doubt, that the mean your total run, is to be prevented; but it is to dey will not have to rejoice much at the success be prevented solely by peace and economy; that is, by of his undertaking. A dry blow instead of millions getting rid of all the heavy expenses, except that of dollars are likely to be his portion. As an Enof the national debt. If all the other expenses were gishman, I must wish that the Algerines may be reduced to the standard of 1792; if the army, the beaten by those, who have, unfortunately, so often navy, the civil list, were brought down to the state beaten my own countrymen. The TIMES newspaper of that year, the interest of the debt might still be has told us, that it is suspected, that the Algerine paid, and that too, without a corn hill. It is, there-war is, with America, a PRETEXT for increasing fore, for peace and economy that you ought to peti- her navy. Indeed, Doctor! and, in what civilian tion instead of joining in the cry of war, and in the have you discovered, that America is restrained abuse of those who have endeavored, and are still from augmenting her navy at her pleasure? What endeatoring, to prevent that calamity, a great one to us all, but to you a thousand times greater than to any other class of the community. Botley, 13th May, 1815. WILLIAM COBBETT. America and Algiers. FROM THE SAME. As the war, which has now begun between the "Democratic Rulers" of America and the " Regular Government" of Algiers, may lead to important consequences, it is proper to insert here the grounds of this war, as far as we can come at them. We have the American official accounts only. America has a tell-tale sort of government. It has no state secrets. It blabs out the proceedings in negociations, while the negociators are still assembled. Not so the Regular Government of Algiers, which is one of the "ancient and venerable institutions" which the Bostonian Noblesse so much admire; one of the "gems in the crown of ancient glory," of which Mr. Chateaubriand speaks so feelingly and so foolishly; one of the links in the chain of the “social system” which has recently been under the hammers of so many able artizans at Vienna, The Regular government of Algiers does not make any prefaces to war. It observes a dignified silence till it has actually begun and made some progress in the war & Tillit has made a good haul of the enemy's ships, before he knows that he is looked upon as an enemy. This is the practice of the Regular Government; the ancient and venerable institution in Algiers." I shall now insert, first, an account of the grounds of war from the National Intelligencer, published at Washington; next the report of congress upon the subject; and last, the act of congress declaring war against Algiers. For, the reader will observe, that in the Irregular government of America, war cannot be declared by the chief magistrate, without the consent of the people's real representatives. I reserve a few remarks to follow the documents: [Here follows the report of the committee of which Mr. Gaston was chairman, &c, and the act of congress on the subject of the Algerine war.] There is one circumstance connected with this Algerine war, which I think worthy of particulur natice; and that is, this regular government began, it appears, its depredations on the Americans, just as these latter were entering upon war with US! some of our modest and honest gentlemen; some of our most honorable men, have called America an assassin, need has she of pretexts? I know, indeed, that, amongst your other follies, you did, during last summer, insist upon it, that, in making peace with America, she should, at last, be compelled to stipu late not to have any ships of war beyond a certain size and number. But, the stipulation was not obtained; and now, instead of big menaces, you throw out your suspectings for the cogitations of the wise John Bull. Away driveller! and await a similar fate to your predictions as to the humiliations of France, To the Earl of Liverpool, On the naval force of the United States of America. FROM THE SAME. My Lon-From the beginning, and before the beginning of the late war with America, I thought it my duty to warn you, that one of the consequen ces of that war would be the creating of a great na.. val force in that country. I endeavored to describe to you the immense means of America for such a purpose. Her fine rivers, bays, and harbors; her. excellent ship builders; her hemp, iron, pitch, and timber, all of her own produce; and above all, her matchless seamen. Of the truth of this account you and your colleagues must, by this time, be pretty well convinced; but I cannot help quoting, and addressing to you, a paragraph from the Times newspaper of the 16th inst. in the following words:"Extract of a letter from Philadelphia, dated the 17th of March. Congress have at length determi ned to have a navy-a bill has passed the legislature appointing a navy-board. Commodores Hull, Bainbridge, and Rodgers, it is expected, will be appointed admirals, and put in commission. A very powerful force, under the command of com. Bainbridge, is now fitting out for Algiers-it will consist of two new 74 gun ships, 5 frigates, and 10 sloops of war. If I am not mistaken the Algerines vill rue the day when they provoked the vengeance of our tars, The Guerriere, under the command of Morgan, sailed from this port yesterday for NewYork, where she is to be joined by the Constellathe United States and Macedonian from Long Istion and Java frigates, from the Chesapeake, and land Sound-these frigates, with six sloops of war, form the first division against Algiers, and it is said that 2,000 of Brown's rifle veterans will go with the squadron. The whole nation is decided for a navy-the Pennsylvania, a 74 gun ship, will be launched at this place in the month of May. Large quantities of timber are daily brought down the mitted him to come back to France, and even to Delaware and Schuylkill for ship building. It is no put out the Bourbons, why may not Providence permore extraordinary than true, with what despatch mit him, in case France is attacked, first to defend they build ships of war in this country. The Pea-her, and then to sally forth on pursuit of her assailcock, of 18 guns, was built at New York in eigh-ants? If this should be the case, I think we may rely teen working days! The Wasp was built at Portsmouth, N. H. in twenty days! The Superior, com- upon seeing the American admirals in our seas; and, modore Chauncey's flag ship, of 64 guns, on lake therefore, this should come in as an item in our esOntario, took up only thirty days from the laying of timates of the consequences of war, if now made her keel until she had all her guns on board, and against France. With a stout American fleet at sea, was ready for a cruise. It is said Congress intend our West India colonies, and the Azores, belonging to have the frames of the lake squadron removed to to our ally, Portugal, would be in any thing but a sathe Atlantic." Now what does your lordship think tisfactory state. In short, it would require fifty of this? Do you think that it indicates any thing of ships of the line and fifty frigates to defend them that desire, of which you were pleased to speak all. The slave trade would be at an end, and the some time ago, on the part of the American people whole face of the naval and commercial world to put themselves under the protection of his ma- would be changed. The flots of France would rejesty's government? Or, do you now begin to think vive. Example, emulation, have powerful effects. with me, that it indicates the speedy appearance of beg you to think well, and in time, of these things. an American fleet of 20 ships of the line and as I beg you to take your eyes, for a little from Hanomany frigates on the ocean? Really, my lord, this is ver and Belgium, and to cast them on the other side of far greater consequence to us, and to the world, of the Atlantic, where you will see what is much than the erecting of Hanover and Holland into king- more dangerous to England than is the army of Na WM. COBBETT. doms. The "regular government" of Algiers will poleon, numerous and brave as that army may be. I am, &c. now find, I dare say, that it must change its course; but the American navy will not be employed solely against this very "regular government." It will, and it must, make a figure in the world. It must act a great part. Four years will swell it to a respectable size. Before the end of that time, if we have war with France, I predict, that we shall see an American fleet of great force carrying its "bits of striped bunting" across the Atlantic. a I Botley, 7th May, 1815. Foreign Articles. BRITISH SUBSIDIES. An official account has been laid before the house of commons of the amount of all grants of money, either as a subsidy, or by way of loan, from the commencement of the year 1793, to the end of the year 1814, that is during the last just and necessar ry war as it has been called. The whole amount in round numbers is forty five millions, two hundred and eighty nine thousand four hundred and seventy six pounds." (And this is stated to be only as far as the account can be made out.) Of £. 7,935,663 this enormous sum Germany has received 700,000 2,414,881 5,275,158 3,376,162 5,103,476 10,533,350 It is for you, my lord, who are a statesman and prime minister, and for your bright colleague, who has recently returned from Vienna; it is for you, and not for me, to say, precisely, what will be the consequences of this very important change in the naval power of the world-but, as it is a Yankee subject, I will venture to guess, that the friendship of Jonathan will soon begin to be courted by every nation who has either ships or commerce; and that, even already, some of them have their eyes upon alliances to be formed with him, in order to deprive us of the power of exercising a mastership on the At present the main use that I would high seas, make of the above information is, to urge it on The remainder has been given to Hanover, Hesse you as a reason for remaining at peace with France. Í do not want to see an American newspaper to know what the people in that country will think of Cassel, Hesse D'Armstadt, Baden, Brunswick, Bathe threatened war in Europe. I know they will varia, Sardinia, Denmark, Sweden, Sicily, the Prince not have patience to read one single article in the of Orange, Muroccco, and France.—London paper. Times newspaper, without throwing it down and crying out for more ships to be built and manned.The war ended in a way to provoke and at the same time to encourage them. The past, the future, resentment, glory, every thing will concur in favoring wishes for a new contest; and, though they build ships very quickly in peace, they would do it more quickly in war. Ánd Portugal FROM A LATE FRENCH PAPER. Declaration of the General in Chief (Wellington) of Some will say, that, seeing this danger, we ought without delay, to fall upon Napoleon, and to destroy him, conquer France, and burn or capture all her fleet before the Americans can have time to build a large fleet. Yes, if you could be sure of doing all this in the course of this summer. But, if you "Frenchmen!-What do you expect by attaching should fail. Failure is possible. It is sufficient for us to know, that it is possible. We may, indeed, yourseles to the fate of the violator of treaties? of a do all that is wished for; but, we may be obliged man without right and without power? Do you wish to come to a peace without doing any part of it; nay, to render war eternal by following that Eagle which we may, as in the war of 1793, draw the French feeds on and still becomes more thirsty of human armies out of France to overrun our allies. Louis blood? Can you be so much deceived, so much misle Destree ascribes the former successes of Napo- led to imagine that contrary to all probability, he leon to Providence, who permitted him, for a while, I will triumph over the whole of Europe, in the conca make conquests. But, as Providence has per- test which he is so madly preparing to maintain? No, |